Question 1

Jill was surprised at how much her therapist challenged her beliefs concerning her social anxiety. Her therapist kept having her make counter-arguments against many of the thoughts she had that pertained to her anxiety. Jill's therapist is practicing what approach?

Accepted Answer

The therapist's approach of having Jill make counter-arguments against her thoughts suggests that she is practicing rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT), which is a form of cognitive-behavioral therapy that focuses on identifying and challenging irrational thoughts and beliefs.

Question 2

Since the 1960's, most people suffering from extreme psychological disorders ___________.

Accepted Answer

Since the 1960's, there has been a move towards deinstitutionalization of psychiatric care, with a push to integrate individuals with extreme psychological disorders back into the community. Therefore, living in the community is the most common option for people with these disorders. The other options, living in asylums, mental hospitals or inpatient facilities, are not as common as they once were.

Question 3

Hudson was pretty depressed because, after receiving some world news updates on his cell phone, he believed that the world was a violent place. His friends were surprised by his mood because Hudson worked with wonderful people at his place of worship. According to Beck, what type of cognitive error is this?

Accepted Answer

Selective perception is the cognitive error here because Hudson is focusing only on the negative (world news updates about violence) while ignoring the positive aspects of his environment (working with wonderful people at his place of worship).

Question 4

The principles of psychotherapy focus on all of the following except for:

Accepted Answer

Psychotherapy focuses on psychological disorders, adjustment problems, and personal growth, as well as the systematic interaction between a client and a therapist based on psychological theory and research. It is not limited to influencing only clients' feelings.

Question 5

When effective, Alcoholics Anonymous is characterized by all of the following except for which statement?

Accepted Answer

Alcoholics Anonymous is a mutual aid organization that operates on group support rather than individual therapy. The other statements are generally true of AA when it is effective.

Question 6

Psychotherapy is based on research in areas such as personality, learning, motivation, and emotion.

Accepted Answer

Psychotherapy is an evidence-based practice that is grounded in research from these areas and other related fields.

Question 7

In modern psychodynamic therapies, there is more focus on the id and less emphasis on the ego.

Accepted Answer

In modern psychodynamic therapies, there is actually more emphasis on the ego than on the id. The ego is seen as an important mediator between the id and the external world, and therapists work to help clients develop a stronger and more adaptive ego.

Question 8

Which of the following is not an advantage of group therapy?

Accepted Answer

The statement "Group members who are overly shy do better in these settings" is false. In fact, group therapy can be challenging for those who are shy or anxious as it requires participation and interaction with others. However, group therapy can still be helpful for these individuals as they can learn coping mechanisms and gain support from the group.

Question 9

In client-centered therapy, __________ refers to the recognition of a client's experiences and feelings.

Accepted Answer

Empathy refers to the therapist's ability to understand and validate the client's experiences and emotions. This is a key component of client-centered therapy, which emphasizes the importance of creating a supportive and non-judgmental environment for clients in order to facilitate personal growth and self-understanding. Genuine and unconditional positive regard are also important elements of the therapy, but they do not specifically refer to the therapist's recognition of the client's experiences and feelings. Free association, on the other hand, is not a direct component of client-centered therapy, but rather a technique used in psychoanalytic therapy.

Question 10

__________ is a behavior-therapy technique in which a client observes and imitates a person who approaches and copes with feared objects or situations.

Accepted Answer

Modeling is a behavior-therapy technique in which a client watches and repeats the actions of someone who approaches and manages fearful situations or objects. This strategy is used in the treatment of phobias, anxiety disorders, and other mental health conditions. The objective of modeling is to demonstrate to the individual that they can behave in a way that allows them to handle their fear and potentially overcome it.

Question 11

In the context of evidence-based practices, which of the following treatments would be most effective in treating depression, developmental disabilities, and bed-wetting?

Accepted Answer

Behavior therapy has been widely recognized as an effective evidence-based practice for a range of mental health concerns, including depression, developmental disabilities, and bed-wetting. This approach is based on the principles of learning theory and focuses on identifying and modifying maladaptive behaviors through various techniques, such as positive reinforcement, shaping, and extinction. It has been found to be more effective than other treatments, such as exorcism or exposure treatment, which may lack empirical support or may not address the underlying behavioral mechanisms. Modeling, while also a useful technique in behavior therapy, may not be sufficient for addressing the complexities of these specific conditions.

Question 12

Unconditional positive regard, empathy, genuineness are the hallmarks of client-centered therapy.

Accepted Answer

Unconditional positive regard, empathy, and genuineness are the three core conditions that reflect the therapist's attitude towards the client in person-centered therapy or client-centered therapy.

Question 13

Ryan, a psychiatrist, has recommended that his patient, who suffers from generalized anxiety, stop the use of antianxiety drugs. After two weeks, the patient complains that her anxiety symptoms have become worse. Ryan tells the patient that her feelings are an expected response to stopping antianxiety medication. What is the patient experiencing?

Accepted Answer

The patient is experiencing rebound anxiety, which is a common withdrawal symptom after stopping antianxiety medication. This is not addiction, tolerance, or illness anxiety disorder.

Question 14

Salma angrily tells her therapist, John, "I should have won the beauty contest. It is not fair." John confronts Salma's belief by asking, "Wasn't the winner more talented and articulate than you?" John is most likely using __________.

Accepted Answer

John is most likely using rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) by challenging Salma's irrational belief of entitlement and helping her see a more rational perspective. REBT aims to identify and change irrational beliefs that lead to emotional distress.

Question 15

Katherine is terrified of dogs. To help alleviate her fears, her therapist first teaches her how to relax her muscles. Next, the therapist uses virtual therapy to expose Katherine to different dogs and asks her to stay relaxed. Which of the following is the basis for the virtual therapy used by Katherine's therapist?

Accepted Answer

The virtual therapy used by Katherine's therapist is based on systematic desensitization, a type of behavior therapy that gradually exposes the person to the object or situation they fear while paired with relaxation techniques to decrease anxiety. The virtual exposure allows for a controlled environment where the therapist can gradually increase the level of exposure as the person becomes more comfortable and relaxed. Aversive conditioning involves pairing an unpleasant stimulus with a behavior to decrease the likelihood of that behavior occurring in the future. Resistance is a term used to describe a client's unwillingness to engage in therapy or change their behavior. Transference occurs when a client unconsciously transfers emotions and feelings about someone in their past onto their therapist.

Question 16

__________refers to Joseph Wolpe's method for reducing fears by associating a hierarchy of images of fear-evoking stimuli with deep muscle relaxation.

Accepted Answer

This refers to the technique of systematic desensitization which involves pairing relaxation techniques with progressively increasing anxiety-provoking stimuli in order to reduce fear and anxiety. Joseph Wolpe is credited with developing this method.

Question 17

Behavior-therapy methods for reducing fears include __________.

Accepted Answer

Virtual therapy is a type of exposure therapy that uses virtual reality to create a safe and controlled environment for people to face their fears.

Question 18

Why did Fritz Perls adopt the term Gestalt to name the therapy originated by him?

Accepted Answer

Perls used the term Gestalt to signify his interest in giving the conflicting parts of the personality an integrated form or shape. Gestalt therapy aims to help individuals become aware of their emotions, thoughts, and behaviors and integrate them into a cohesive sense of self. The term Gestalt refers to a whole or complete picture, and the therapy emphasizes the importance of focusing on the present moment and the whole person, rather than just specific symptoms or issues.

Question 19

Sean's client, Jacob, had quickly become unusually close to him, almost as if they were brothers. The term for this according to psychoanalytic therapy is what?

Accepted Answer

Transference is a term in psychoanalytic therapy that refers to a client's unconscious feelings or emotions that are transferred onto their therapist. In this case, Jacob's unusually close relationship with Sean could be an example of transference.

Question 20

In the context of the different behavior-therapy methods, which of the following is true of modeling?

Accepted Answer

Modeling is a behavior-therapy method that relies on observational learning. It involves observing and imitating the behaviors of others to learn and establish new behaviors.

Quiz 13: Methods of Therapy