According to some critics, the standardized tests that are used to group students by ability often measure students' ______________rather than their "natural" intelligence or aptitude.

Question

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Standardized tests often include cultural references, assumptions, and language that favor certain groups based on their socio-economic or cultural background. Therefore, the tests may measure a student's cultural capital (i.e. knowledge and skills acquired from their upbringing and environment) rather than their natural intelligence or aptitude.

According to Some Critics, the Standardized Tests That Are Used