Question 1

Research indicates that young people in the United States between the ages of 12 to 17 spend an average of almost____________  hours a month watching video on television.

Accepted Answer

Research shows that young people in the United States between the ages of 12 to 17 spend an average of almost 100 hours a month watching video on television.

Question 2

The process by which individuals' feelings, thoughts, appearance, and behavior have a direct influence on agents of socialization that are attempting to influence them is called____________ .

Accepted Answer

Reciprocal socialization is a two-way process where both the individual and the agents of socialization (such as family, peer groups, schools, and media) influence each other's thoughts, feelings, and behavior. It is different from primary socialization, which occurs during childhood and involves learning the basic norms and values of a culture or society, and secondary socialization, which occurs during adulthood and involves learning specific roles and skills related to one's job or social status. Tertiary socialization is not a commonly used term in sociology.

Question 3

Sociologists use the term ____________ for the specific messages and practices that teach what it means to be female or male in a specific group or society.

Accepted Answer

Gender socialization refers to the process by which individuals learn and internalize the cultural norms, values, and expectations associated with their gender identity. It involves the specific messages and practices that teach individuals how they are supposed to act or behave as a female or male in a given society or culture. This process typically begins at birth and continues throughout an individual's lifespan.

Question 4

What is it that sets peer groups apart from schools and families as agents of socialization?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is it that sets peer groups...

Question 5

According to the text, the____________  is the most important agent of socialization in all societies.

Accepted Answer

The text specifies that the family is the most important agent of socialization in all societies.

Question 6

You are scheduled to work at the pizza parlor Sunday afternoon. Several of your friends convince you to call in sick so you can watch football with them all day, even though you really need the money. The sociological term for what you have experienced is____________  .

Accepted Answer

The sociological term for what you have experienced is peer pressure. This is when individuals are influenced by their peers or social groups to conform to particular behaviors or attitudes. In this case, the individual is being pressured by their friends to call in sick even though it goes against their own interests to do so.

Question 7

Throughout childhood and adolescence, boys and girls typically are assigned different household chores and given different privileges (such as how late they may stay out at night). This is an example of ____________ .

Accepted Answer

Gender socialization refers to the process by which individuals learn and internalize the attitudes, values, beliefs, and norms of their society regarding what is appropriate behavior for males and females. This includes the assignment of different household chores and privileges based on gender. Sexual development refers specifically to the physical changes that occur during puberty. Cultural acquisition refers to the process of acquiring one's culture, including language, customs, beliefs, and values, which is not specifically related to gender. Developmental psychology is the scientific study of human development across the lifespan, which can include aspects of gender socialization, but is not specific to it.

Question 8

Sociologist William Corsaro states that ____________ is an established set of activities or routines, artifacts, values, and concerns that children produce and share and that emerges through interaction as children "borrow" from the adult culture.

Accepted Answer

William Corsaro defines peer culture as the set of activities, routines, artifacts, values, and concerns that children establish and share among themselves, borrowing from the adult culture but also creating something new and distinct.

Question 9

____________ is the term for the persons, groups, or institutions that teach us what we need to know in order to participate in society.

Accepted Answer

Agents of socialization are the persons, groups, or institutions that teach us what we need to know in order to participate in society. These agents include family, schools, peers, and media, among others. They play a crucial role in shaping our beliefs, values, and behaviors, and contribute to our socialization process.

Question 10

According to sociologists Langhout and Mitchell, the____________  results in minority children being punished disproportionately in schools.

Accepted Answer

The hidden curriculum refers to subtle messages and values that are taught implicitly through school practices and policies. Langhout and Mitchell argue that this hidden curriculum leads to minority children, particularly African American and Latino students, being punished more harshly and more frequently than their white peers. This is a result of systemic racism and biased attitudes towards certain groups of students. Therefore, the best answer is C.

Question 11

Which of these is not one of the socializing functions of the media discussed in the text?

Accepted Answer

The socializing functions of media discussed in the text include introducing us to a wide variety of people, providing an array of viewpoints on current issues, and entertaining us by allowing us to live vicariously. Emotional support lacking in many families is not discussed as a socializing function of media in the text.

Question 12

We are exposed to many ____________ throughout our lifetime. According to the text, the most pervasive ones in childhood include the family, the school, peer groups, and the mass media.

Accepted Answer

The most appropriate choice for the blank is "agents of socialization." The agents of socialization are individuals or institutions that exist to help teach us the norms, values, and behaviors of our society. In childhood, the most pervasive agents of socialization include the family, the school, peer groups, and the mass media. The other choices, such as "total institutions" and "counter groups," do not accurately describe the various influences that shape a person's socialization.

Question 13

____________ theorists emphasize that the family is the source of our specific social position in society.

Accepted Answer

Conflict theorists emphasize that the family is the source of our specific social position in society, focusing on how family structures can perpetuate social inequalities.

Question 14

The research of sociologist William Corsaro suggests that the____________  is the most significant arena in which children and young people acquire cultural knowledge.

Accepted Answer

According to sociologist William Corsaro, peer groups have the most significant influence on the cultural knowledge acquisition of children and young people. This is because peer groups provide a social context in which children can interact with others who are at the same developmental stage and who share similar interests and experiences. Through these interactions, children learn about the values, beliefs, and norms that are important in their culture, and they learn how to navigate different social situations. While family, school, and mass media also play important roles in shaping children's cultural knowledge, Corsaro argues that peer groups are the most influential.

Question 15

Theorists using a ____________ perspective emphasize that families are important for society because they are the primary source for the procreation and socialization of children.

Accepted Answer

The functionalist perspective emphasizes the important role that families play in society by fulfilling necessary functions such as the procreation and socialization of children. This perspective views families as a key component of maintaining social stability and order.

Question 16

____________ theorists emphasize that socialization reaffirms and reproduces the class structure in the next generation rather than challenging the conditions that presently exist.

Accepted Answer

Conflict theorists argue that socialization processes reinforce and perpetuate existing class structures, highlighting how power and inequality are maintained in society.

Question 17

A____________  is a group of people who are linked by common interests, equal social position, and (usually) similar age.

Accepted Answer

A peer group is a group of people who share similar interests, social status, and age. They are usually considered a primary source of socialization and influence during adolescence.

Question 18

____________ theorists assert that students have different experiences in the school system depending on their social class, their racial-ethnic background, the neighborhood in which they live, and their sex/gender.

Accepted Answer

Conflict theorists emphasize the role of power and inequality in shaping social relationships and structures. They argue that different groups in society, such as those defined by their social class, race/ethnicity, neighborhood, and gender, have different levels of power and resources that affect their experiences in the education system. Thus, students from different backgrounds may face different opportunities and obstacles in education due to social inequalities.

Question 19

The term that may be used inclusively to refer to television, radio, movies, Internet, Twitter, Facebook, and video games is ____________ .

Accepted Answer

The term "media" refers to all forms of communication, including television, radio, movies, and the internet. It encompasses both traditional and new technologies. While social media specifically refers to platforms like Twitter and Facebook, using the term "media" is more inclusive of all forms of communication.

Question 20

One of the primary agents of gender socialization is ____________ .

Accepted Answer

The family is one of the primary agents of gender socialization as parents and caregivers teach children how to behave based on their gender. This includes enforcing gender roles, expectations, and norms through their words and actions. While higher education, the workplace, and social media can also play a role in gender socialization, they are not typically considered primary agents.

Quiz 6: Deviance and Crime

Research indicates that young people in the United States between the ages of 12 to 17 spend an average of almost____________ hours a month watching video on television.

The process by which individuals' feelings, thoughts, appearance, and behavior have a direct influence on agents of socialization that are attempting to influence them is called____________ .

Sociologists use the term ____________ for the specific messages and practices that teach what it means to be female or male in a specific group or society.

What is it that sets peer groups apart from schools and families as agents of socialization?

According to the text, the____________ is the most important agent of socialization in all societies.

You are scheduled to work at the pizza parlor Sunday afternoon. Several of your friends convince you to call in sick so you can watch football with them all day, even though you really need the money. The sociological term for what you have experienced is____________ .

Throughout childhood and adolescence, boys and girls typically are assigned different household chores and given different privileges (such as how late they may stay out at night) . This is an example of ____________ .