Question 1

A patient wants to know what can cause ACTH to be released.How should the nurse respond?
A) High serum levels of cortisol
B) Hypotension
C) Hypoglycemia
D) Stress

Accepted Answer

Stress increases ACTH secretion.
ACTH regulates the release of cortisol from the adrenal cortex.It is not stimulated by high serum levels.
Hypotension does not stimulate ACTH.
Hypoglycemia does not stimulate ACTH.

Question 2

An endocrinologist is teaching about aldosterone secretion.Which information should the endocrinologist include? Aldosterone secretion is regulated by:
A) The sympathetic nervous system
B) ACTH feedback
C) The renin-angiotension system
D) Positive feedback

Accepted Answer

Aldosterone synthesis and secretion are regulated primarily by the renin-angiotensin system.
Aldosterone synthesis and secretion are regulated by the renin-angiotensin system,not the sympathetic nervous system.
Aldosterone synthesis and secretion are regulated by the renin-angiotensin system,not adrenocorticotropic hormone feedback.
Aldosterone synthesis and secretion are regulated by the renin-angiotensin system,not positive feedback.

Question 3

If a patient had a problem with the adrenal medulla,which of the following hormones should the nurse monitor?
A) Cortisol
B) Epinephrine
C) Androgens
D) Estrogens

Accepted Answer

The major products stored and secreted by the adrenal medulla are the catecholamines epinephrine (adrenaline)and norepinephrine.
The adrenal cortex secretes cortisol.
The adrenal cortex secretes androgens.
The pituitary secretes estrogens.

Question 4

A 30-year-old male is diagnosed with a hormone-secreting tumor of the pancreas alpha cells.Which of the following would the nurse expect to be most likely increased in this patient?
A) Amylin
B) Glucagon
C) Insulin
D) Somatostatin

Accepted Answer

Glucagon is produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas.
Amylin is secreted by the beta cells.
Insulin is secreted by the beta cells.
Somatostatin is produced by the delta cells.

Question 5

A nurse is reviewing lab results.Which of the following lab results would slow down the rate of parathyroid hormone secretion?
A) Increased serum calcium levels
B) Decreased serum calcium levels
C) Decreased levels of TSH
D) Increased levels of TSH

Accepted Answer

An increase in serum calcium inhibits parathyroid hormone (PTH)secretion.
An increase,not a decrease,in serum calcium inhibits PTH secretion.
Thyroid-stimulating hormone would not affect PTH secretion.
Thyroid-stimulating hormone would not affect PTH secretion.

Question 6

The nurse is teaching the staff about aldosterone.Which information should the nurse include? The main site of aldosterone synthesis is the:
A) Liver
B) Kidneys
C) Adrenal cortex
D) Hypothalamus

Accepted Answer

The adrenal cortex synthesizes aldosterone.
The adrenal cortex,not the liver,synthesizes aldosterone.
The adrenal cortex,not the kidneys,synthesizes aldosterone.
The adrenal cortex,not the hypothalamus,synthesizes aldosterone.

Question 7

When catecholamines are released in a patient,what should the nurse assess for?
A) Nutrient absorption
B) Fluid retention
C) Hypotension
D) Hyperglycemia

Accepted Answer

Catecholamines cause hyperglycemia and immune suppression.
Catecholamines cause hyperglycemia,not nutrient absorption.
Catecholamines cause hyperglycemia,not fluid retention.
Catecholamines cause hypertension,not hypotension.

Question 8

A student asks the instructor which of the following is the most potent naturally occurring glucocorticoid.How should the instructor respond?
A) Aldosterone
B) Testosterone
C) Cortisol
D) Prolactin

Accepted Answer

The most potent naturally occurring glucocorticoid is cortisol.
The most potent naturally occurring glucocorticoid is cortisol,not aldosterone.
The most potent naturally occurring glucocorticoid is cortisol,not testosterone.
The most potent naturally occurring glucocorticoid is cortisol,not prolactin.

Question 9

If the patient has a problem with the pineal gland,which substance would the nurse monitor?
A) Melatonin
B) Epinephrine
C) Cortisol
D) Somatostatin

Accepted Answer

The pineal glands secrete melatonin.
The adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine.
The adrenal cortex secretes cortisol.
The thyroid gland secretes somatostatin.

Question 10

A nurse recalls insulin has an effect on which of the following groups of electrolytes?
A) Sodium, chloride, phosphate
B) Calcium, magnesium, potassium
C) Hydrogen, bicarbonate, chloride
D) Potassium, magnesium, phosphate

Accepted Answer

Insulin facilitates the intracellular transport of potassium (K⁺),phosphate,and magnesium. Insulin facilitates the intracellular transport of potassium (K⁺),phosphate,and magnesium,not sodium and chloride. Insulin facilitates the intracellular transport of potassium (K⁺),phosphate,and magnesium,not calcium. Insulin facilitates the intracellular transport of potassium (K⁺),phosphate,and magnesium,not hydrogen,bicarbonate,and chloride.

Question 11

Elevated levels of glucocorticoids result in which of the following assessment findings? (Select all that apply.)
A) Polycythemia
B) Increased appetite
C) Weight loss
D) Decreased calcium
E) Increased height

Accepted Answer

Increased glucocorticoid secretion leads to polycythemia,increased appetite,fat deposition in the face and cervical areas,decreased serum calcium levels,and interference with the action of growth hormone so that somatic growth is inhibited.Weight gain and loss of height are expected.

Question 12

Which nutrient would the nurse encourage the patient to consume for thyroid hormone synthesis?
A) Zinc
B) Sodium
C) Iodine
D) Calcium

Accepted Answer

Iodine is necessary for the synthesis of thyroid hormone.
Iodine,not zinc,is necessary for synthesis of thyroid hormone.
Iodine,not sodium,is necessary for synthesis of thyroid hormone.
Iodine,not calcium,is necessary for synthesis of thyroid hormone.

Question 13

A nurse is teaching a patient about insulin.Which information should the nurse include? Insulin is primarily regulated by:
A) Metabolic rate
B) Serum glucose levels
C) Prostaglandins
D) Enzyme activation

Accepted Answer

Insulin secretion is promoted when blood levels of glucose rise.
Insulin secretion is not based on metabolic rate but on blood levels of glucose.
Insulin secretion is not based on prostaglandins but on blood levels of glucose.
Insulin secretion is not based on enzyme activation but on blood levels of glucose.

Question 14

A 40-year-old male undergoes surgery for a PTH-secreting tumor in which the parathyroid is removed.Which of the following would the nurse expect following surgery?
A) Increased serum calcium
B) Decreased bone formation
C) Decreased calcium reabsorption in the kidney
D) Increased calcitonin

Accepted Answer

PTH also acts on the kidney to increase calcium reabsorption and to decrease phosphate reabsorption.
Removal of the PTH-secreting tumor would result in decreased calcium reabsorption in the kidney,not increased serum calcium.
Removal of the PTH-secreting tumor would result in decreased calcium reabsorption in the kidney,not decreased bone formation.
Removal of the PTH-secreting tumor would result in decreased calcium reabsorption in the kidney,not increased calcitonin.

Question 15

A 50-year-old male with one kidney had to undergo surgery for an adrenal tumor.His zona glomerulosa was largely removed during the surgery.The nurse would expect the removal of this tumor to result in a decrease in:
A) Sodium
B) Aldosterone
C) Potassium
D) Acid

Accepted Answer

The zona glomerulosa,the outer layer,constitutes about 15% of the cortex and primarily produces the mineralocorticoid aldosterone.
The zona glomerulosa produces aldosterone,not sodium.
The zona glomerulosa produces aldosterone,not potassium.
The zona glomerulosa produces aldosterone,not acid.

Question 16

A 39-year-old female is recovering from the birth of her third child.Which hormone would help prevent uterine bleeding?
A) Aldosterone
B) Cortisol
C) Prolactin
D) Oxytocin

Accepted Answer

Oxytocin functions near the end of labor to enhance effectiveness of contractions,promote delivery of the placenta,and stimulate postpartum uterine contractions,thereby preventing excessive bleeding.
Aldosterone regulates water balance.
Cortisol helps protect from stress.
Prolactin assists with milk production.

Quiz 17: Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

A patient wants to know what can cause ACTH to be released.How should the nurse respond?

An endocrinologist is teaching about aldosterone secretion.Which information should the endocrinologist include? Aldosterone secretion is regulated by:

If a patient had a problem with the adrenal medulla,which of the following hormones should the nurse monitor?

A 30-year-old male is diagnosed with a hormone-secreting tumor of the pancreas alpha cells.Which of the following would the nurse expect to be most likely increased in this patient?

A nurse is reviewing lab results.Which of the following lab results would slow down the rate of parathyroid hormone secretion?

The nurse is teaching the staff about aldosterone.Which information should the nurse include? The main site of aldosterone synthesis is the:

When catecholamines are released in a patient,what should the nurse assess for?

A student asks the instructor which of the following is the most potent naturally occurring glucocorticoid.How should the instructor respond?

If the patient has a problem with the pineal gland,which substance would the nurse monitor?

A nurse recalls insulin has an effect on which of the following groups of electrolytes?

Elevated levels of glucocorticoids result in which of the following assessment findings? (Select all that apply.)

Which nutrient would the nurse encourage the patient to consume for thyroid hormone synthesis?

A nurse is teaching a patient about insulin.Which information should the nurse include? Insulin is primarily regulated by:

A 40-year-old male undergoes surgery for a PTH-secreting tumor in which the parathyroid is removed.Which of the following would the nurse expect following surgery?

A 50-year-old male with one kidney had to undergo surgery for an adrenal tumor.His zona glomerulosa was largely removed during the surgery.The nurse would expect the removal of this tumor to result in a decrease in:

A 39-year-old female is recovering from the birth of her third child.Which hormone would help prevent uterine bleeding?