Question 1

Match posterior and anterior pituitary, labelled a. through c., with their features. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a. applies to the posterior pituitary
b. applies to the anterior pituitary
c. applies to both the posterior and the anterior pituitary
-Its release of hormones is directly controlled by hypothalamic hypophysiotropic hormones.

Accepted Answer

The anterior pituitary is directly controlled by hypothalamic hypophysiotropic hormones, whereas the posterior pituitary only stores and releases hormones produced by the hypothalamus. Therefore, statement A does not apply to the posterior pituitary, and statement C is not entirely correct.

Question 2

Match posterior and anterior pituitary, labelled a. through c., with their features. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a. applies to the posterior pituitary
b. applies to the anterior pituitary
c. applies to both the posterior and the anterior pituitary
-releases primarily tropic hormones into the blood

Accepted Answer

The anterior pituitary releases primarily tropic hormones into the blood, whereas the posterior pituitary releases hormones that are synthesized in the hypothalamus, such as oxytocin and vasopressin. Therefore, option A is incorrect (applies to the posterior pituitary) and option C is incorrect (applies to both the posterior and the anterior pituitary).

Question 3

Match posterior and anterior pituitary, labelled a. through c., with their features. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a. applies to the posterior pituitary
b. applies to the anterior pituitary
c. applies to both the posterior and the anterior pituitary
-releases vasopressin and oxytocin into the blood

Accepted Answer

The release of vasopressin and oxytocin into the blood is a feature of the posterior pituitary.

Question 4

Match the hormones, labelled a. through f., with their activities. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.vasopressin
b.oxytocin
c.TSH
d.ACTH
e.growth hormone
f.GnRH
-exerts a pressor effect on arterioles

Accepted Answer

Vasopressin exerts a pressor effect on arterioles, which means it causes vasoconstriction, increasing blood pressure.

Answer: Not applicable
 None of the other options listed have an activity related to exerting a pressor effect on arterioles. Oxytocin is involved in labor and lactation, TSH is involved in thyroid hormone production, ACTH is involved in cortisol production, growth hormone is involved in growth and metabolism, and GnRH is involved in reproductive processes.

Question 5

Match the hormones, labelled a. through f., with their activities. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.vasopressin
b.oxytocin
c.TSH
d.ACTH
e.growth hormone
f.GnRH
-stimulates testosterone secretion

Accepted Answer

GnRH (Gonadotropin-releasing hormone) stimulates the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) by the anterior pituitary gland. LH stimulates testosterone secretion in males.

Answer: A
 Vasopressin (also known as antidiuretic hormone or ADH) causes water retention in the kidneys, and can also stimulate the release of ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) from the pituitary gland.

Neither oxytocin, TSH, nor growth hormone stimulate testosterone secretion.

Question 6

Match the hormones, labelled a. through f., with their activities. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.vasopressin
b.oxytocin
c.TSH
d.ACTH
e.growth hormone
f.GnRH
-stimulates cortisol secretion by the adrenal cortex

Accepted Answer

ACTH is produced by the anterior pituitary gland and stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol.

Answer: C
 TSH is produced by the anterior pituitary gland and stimulates the thyroid gland to produce and release thyroid hormones.

Answer: E
 Growth hormone is produced by the anterior pituitary gland and stimulates growth and metabolism in many tissues and organs.

Answer: F
 Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is produced by the hypothalamus and stimulates the pituitary gland to release luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), which in turn stimulate the gonads (ovaries or testes).

Answer: A and B
 Vasopressin and oxytocin are both produced by the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary gland. Vasopressin is involved in maintaining water balance in the body, while oxytocin stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and milk ejection during breastfeeding. Neither of these hormones directly stimulates cortisol secretion by the adrenal cortex.

Question 7

Match posterior and anterior pituitary, labelled a. through c., with their features. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a. applies to the posterior pituitary
b. applies to the anterior pituitary
c. applies to both the posterior and the anterior pituitary
-synthesizes the hormones it secretes

Accepted Answer

The anterior pituitary synthesizes the hormones it secretes, unlike the posterior pituitary, which stores and releases hormones produced by the hypothalamus.

Question 8

Match posterior and anterior pituitary, labelled a. through c., with their features. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a. applies to the posterior pituitary
b. applies to the anterior pituitary
c. applies to both the posterior and the anterior pituitary
-stores hormones synthesized by the hypothalamus

Accepted Answer

The posterior pituitary stores hormones synthesized by the hypothalamus, such as oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH). The anterior pituitary synthesizes and secretes its own hormones. Therefore, choice A applies to the posterior pituitary only.

Question 9

Match posterior and anterior pituitary, labelled a. through c., with their features. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a. applies to the posterior pituitary
b. applies to the anterior pituitary
c. applies to both the posterior and the anterior pituitary
-may be directly inhibited by negative feedback from its target organ

Accepted Answer

The anterior pituitary is directly involved in hormonal feedback loops where the hormones it secretes can be inhibited by negative feedback from their target organs. The posterior pituitary, on the other hand, mainly stores and releases hormones produced in the hypothalamus.

Question 10

Match posterior and anterior pituitary, labelled a. through c., with their features. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a. applies to the posterior pituitary
b. applies to the anterior pituitary
c. applies to both the posterior and the anterior pituitary
-releases hormones into the general circulation

Accepted Answer

Both the anterior and posterior pituitary glands release hormones into the general circulation, albeit through different mechanisms. The anterior pituitary synthesizes and secretes hormones directly, while the posterior pituitary stores and releases hormones produced in the hypothalamus.

Question 11

Match the hormones, labelled a. through f., with their activities. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.vasopressin
b.oxytocin
c.TSH
d.ACTH
e.growth hormone
f.GnRH
-stimulates uterine contractions

Accepted Answer

Oxytocin is known for its role in stimulating uterine contractions during childbirth and also plays a role in milk ejection during breastfeeding.

Question 12

Match the hormones, labelled a. through f., with their activities. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.vasopressin
b.oxytocin
c.TSH
d.ACTH
e.growth hormone
f.GnRH
-responsible for ovulation

Accepted Answer

GnRH is responsible for ovulation as it triggers the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), which in turn initiate processes that lead to ovulation.

Other options: 
A) vasopressin - responsible for regulating water balance in the body
B) oxytocin - stimulates uterine contractions during labor and milk letdown during breastfeeding
C) TSH - stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones
D) ACTH - stimulates the adrenal gland to produce cortisol, a stress hormone
E) growth hormone - promotes growth and development in children and regulates metabolism in adults

Question 13

Match the hormones, labelled a. through f., with their activities. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.vasopressin b.oxytocin c.TSH d.ACTH e.growth hormone f.GnRH -enhances H₂O retention by the kidneys

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the hormones, labelled a. through f.,...

Question 14

Match the hormones, labelled a. through f., with their activities. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.vasopressin
b.oxytocin
c.TSH
d.ACTH
e.growth hormone
f.GnRH
-stimulates somatomedin secretion by the liver

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone stimulates somatomedin secretion by the liver.

Other choices:
A) Vasopressin is a hormone that regulates water balance and blood pressure.
B) Oxytocin stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and milk ejection during breastfeeding.
C) TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones.
D) ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) stimulates the adrenal gland to produce cortisol.
F) GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone) stimulates the release of LH (luteinizing hormone) and FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone), which are involved in reproductive function.

Question 15

Match posterior and anterior pituitary, labelled a. through c., with their features. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a. applies to the posterior pituitary
b. applies to the anterior pituitary
c. applies to both the posterior and the anterior pituitary
-contains pituicytes

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match posterior and anterior pituitary, labelled a....

Question 16

Match the hormones, labelled a. through f., with their activities. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.vasopressin
b.oxytocin
c.TSH
d.ACTH
e.growth hormone
f.GnRH
-stimulates growth of ovarian follicles and development of eggs

Accepted Answer

GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone) stimulates growth of ovarian follicles and development of eggs.

Note: None of the other hormones listed have a direct role in ovarian follicle or egg development.

Question 17

Match posterior and anterior pituitary, labelled a. through c., with their features. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a. applies to the posterior pituitary
b. applies to the anterior pituitary
c. applies to both the posterior and the anterior pituitary
-connected to the hypothalamus by a vascular link

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match posterior and anterior pituitary, labelled a....

Question 18

Match posterior and anterior pituitary, labelled a. through c., with their features. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a. applies to the posterior pituitary
b. applies to the anterior pituitary
c. applies to both the posterior and the anterior pituitary
-Its release of hormones is directly controlled by action potentials.

Accepted Answer

The release of hormones from the posterior pituitary is directly controlled by action potentials, as it is an extension of the nervous system. The release of hormones from the anterior pituitary, on the other hand, is controlled by releasing hormones and inhibiting hormones from the hypothalamus.

Question 19

Match the hormones, labelled a. through f., with their activities. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.vasopressin
b.oxytocin
c.TSH
d.ACTH
e.growth hormone
f.GnRH
-regulates overall body growth

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone regulates overall body growth.

Answer: C 
 TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) isn't listed in the options above but for the sake of completion it regulates the metabolism of cells.

Answer: D 
 ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) stimulates the adrenal glands to produce cortisol which is part of the fight or flight response.

Answer: F 
 GnRH (gonadotropin releasing hormone) regulates the production of reproductive hormones.

Answer: A and B 
 Vasopressin (aka antidiuretic hormone) regulates water balance in the body while oxytocin stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and milk production during breastfeeding.

Question 20

Match posterior and anterior pituitary, labelled a. through c., with their features. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a. applies to the posterior pituitary
b. applies to the anterior pituitary
c. applies to both the posterior and the anterior pituitary
-neurally connected to the hypothalamus

Accepted Answer

The posterior pituitary is neurally connected to the hypothalamus, as it is a continuation of the hypothalamus and receives neural input from it.

Answer: B
 The anterior pituitary is not neurally connected to the hypothalamus, but instead receives hormonal signals from it.

Quiz 5: The Central Nervous System

Match the hormones, labelled a. through f., with their activities. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.vasopressin b.oxytocin c.TSH d.ACTH e.growth hormone f.GnRH -exerts a pressor effect on arterioles

Match the hormones, labelled a. through f., with their activities. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.vasopressin b.oxytocin c.TSH d.ACTH e.growth hormone f.GnRH -stimulates testosterone secretion

Match the hormones, labelled a. through f., with their activities. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.vasopressin b.oxytocin c.TSH d.ACTH e.growth hormone f.GnRH -stimulates cortisol secretion by the adrenal cortex

Match the hormones, labelled a. through f., with their activities. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.vasopressin b.oxytocin c.TSH d.ACTH e.growth hormone f.GnRH -stimulates uterine contractions

Match the hormones, labelled a. through f., with their activities. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.vasopressin b.oxytocin c.TSH d.ACTH e.growth hormone f.GnRH -responsible for ovulation

Match the hormones, labelled a. through f., with their activities. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.vasopressin b.oxytocin c.TSH d.ACTH e.growth hormone f.GnRH -enhances H2O retention by the kidneys

Match the hormones, labelled a. through f., with their activities. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.vasopressin b.oxytocin c.TSH d.ACTH e.growth hormone f.GnRH -stimulates somatomedin secretion by the liver

Match posterior and anterior pituitary, labelled a. through c., with their features. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a. applies to the posterior pituitary b. applies to the anterior pituitary c. applies to both the posterior and the anterior pituitary -contains pituicytes

Match the hormones, labelled a. through f., with their activities. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.vasopressin b.oxytocin c.TSH d.ACTH e.growth hormone f.GnRH -stimulates growth of ovarian follicles and development of eggs

Match the hormones, labelled a. through f., with their activities. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.vasopressin b.oxytocin c.TSH d.ACTH e.growth hormone f.GnRH -regulates overall body growth

Match the hormones, labelled a. through f., with their activities. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.vasopressin b.oxytocin c.TSH d.ACTH e.growth hormone f.GnRH -enhances H₂O retention by the kidneys