Question 1

Chronic partial sleep can result in all of the following except

Accepted Answer

Chronic partial sleep has been linked to an increase in cortisol levels, not a decrease. The other options are all potential consequences of chronic partial sleep.

Question 2

With respect to eating behaviours, stress

Accepted Answer

Stress can suppress physiological cues suggesting hunger, lead to lower consumption of food, disinhibit dieters and lead to increases in food intake, and incline dieters to eat more high-caloric foods.

Question 3

Explain why recommendations to reduce cholesterol are controversial. Include in your answer an explanation of the advantages and disadvantages of adopting a low-cholesterol diet.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain why recommendations to reduce cholesterol are...

Question 4

Sleep apnea

Accepted Answer

Sleep apnea is a condition where there is a partial or complete obstruction in the airway while sleeping, leading to interruptions in breathing and a disruption in sleep. It can result in a range of health issues such as high blood pressure, heart disease, and stroke. Hence, option A is the correct statement. Option B is incorrect as sleep apnea leads to interrupted sleep and not sound sleep. Option C is incorrect as it requires an overnight sleep study for diagnosis. Option D is incorrect as there are treatment options available such as CPAP machines, oral appliances, and surgery. Option E is incorrect as some animals also experience sleep apnea.

Question 5

As the text notes, people who are high in self-efficacy are more likely to adhere to exercise and weight-loss regimens. Summarize the research investigating the relationship between self-efficacy, exercise, obesity, and weight loss.

Accepted Answer

The answer of As the text notes, people who are...

Question 6

According to your text, about _______________ is spent each year on health care costs directly or indirectly related to obesity.

Accepted Answer

Approximately $4.3 billion is spent each year on health care costs directly or indirectly related to obesity, as indicated in the text.

Question 7

Multimodal programs to modify obesity typically include which of the following components?

Accepted Answer

Multimodal programs to modify obesity typically include exercise, cognitive restructuring, social support, and self-monitoring. All of these components are important for long-term weight management and are often included in effective weight loss programs.

Question 8

Suppose you are designing a program to be administered through the county health department to increase the frequency of mammograms among community residents. What techniques would be most effective to include in this program and why?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Suppose you are designing a program to...

Question 9

Which one of the following people is MOST likely to report sleep disturbances?

Accepted Answer

A person with major depressive disorder is most likely to report sleep disturbances, including difficulty falling asleep, waking up frequently during the night, and early morning awakening. Sleep disturbances are a common symptom of depression.

Question 10

Abdominal fat that increases in response to stress is sometimes called

Accepted Answer

The answer of Abdominal fat that increases in response to...

Question 11

Appetite-suppressing drugs may cause participants to

Accepted Answer

The answer of Appetite-suppressing drugs may cause participants to
...

Question 12

Very low-carbohydrate or low-fat diets

Accepted Answer

Low-carbohydrate or low-fat diets can be difficult to maintain over the long term due to their restrictive nature, which can lead to challenges in adherence.

Question 13

A national longitudinal survey of Canadian children from 1994 to 2002 found that as the _______________ increased, child obesity rates declined.

Accepted Answer

The survey found that as the income level of the neighbourhood increased, child obesity rates declined. This suggests that families with higher incomes may have greater access to healthier food options and resources for physical activity, leading to healthier lifestyles for their children.

Question 14

Which of the follow is not true about sleep apnea?

Accepted Answer

Sleep apnea is not easy to diagnose since its symptoms can be similar to other sleep disorders. A sleep study is often needed to properly diagnose sleep apnea. The other statements are true: sleep apnea can cause waking multiple times each night without awareness, contribute to accidents in the workplace, be associated with snoring, and be caused by an airway blockage.

Question 15

Gastric surgery to control extreme obesity

Accepted Answer

All of these options are correct. Gastric surgery is not a guaranteed solution for extreme obesity, and it carries risks and side effects. It is usually considered for individuals who are at least 100% overweight or have failed to lose weight through other methods. One type of gastric surgery involves stapling or dividing the stomach to reduce its capacity.

Question 16

Explain why exercise is so good for you. Include in your answer the physical and psychological outcomes associated with exercise.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain why exercise is so good for...

Question 17

Dieting

Accepted Answer

None of the statements are true about dieting. Dieting can lead to short-term weight loss, but long-term success is often limited. Additionally, repeated dieting can actually decrease the likelihood of long-term weight loss and have negative psychological effects such as increased anxiety and disordered eating patterns. The physiological effects of dieting can also lead to decreased metabolism and increased hunger, making it even harder to maintain weight loss. Lastly, the results of dieting may not always match the expectations of clients as weight loss can be affected by many factors beyond just the diet itself.

Question 18

Obesity tends to run in families. Citing the research from the text, explain why this is so.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Obesity tends to run in families. Citing...

Question 19

As few as _______________ nights in a row of poor sleep can impair metabolic and hormonal function.

Accepted Answer

According to research, as few as six nights in a row of poor sleep can impair metabolic and hormonal function. This can lead to weight gain, insulin resistance, and other health issues.

Question 20

Evaluations of cognitive-behavioural weight-loss programs conclude that

Accepted Answer

Evaluations of cognitive-behavioural weight-loss programs have found that they can be successful in helping people lose weight and maintain weight loss up to 3 years later, whether they are administered on an individual or group basis. While it is true that most diets fail in the long term (option A), cognitive-behavioural programs focus on changing lifestyle habits rather than strict diets. Option B is partially correct in that weight loss is typically modest, but maintenance of weight loss can be significant. Option D is not supported by research, as cognitive-behavioural programs have been effective in both mildly and severely obese persons. Option E is also not supported, as research has found that weight set points can be changed through sustained lifestyle changes.

Quiz 4: Health-Promoting Behaviors