Question 1

Measures of general mental ability do not always guarantee success on the job because
A)some jobs also require physical strength and interpersonal skills.
B)many general mental ability tests are not reliable.
C)some general mental ability tests are biased against certain protected groups.
D)some jobs may ask people to take on too much work,resulting in burnout.

Accepted Answer

General mental ability is an important predictor of job performance, but it's not the only factor. Many jobs also require physical strength and interpersonal skills, which are not measured by tests of general mental ability. This is why measures of general mental ability do not always guarantee success on the job.

Question 2

Perceptual-motor abilities are
A)mental abilities that combine memory and recall.
B)physical abilities that combine strength and stamina.
C)physical attributes that combine the senses and motion.
D)mental abilities that combine a persons IQ and "g."

Accepted Answer

Perceptual-motor abilities involve the coordination of sensory input with motor responses, essentially integrating physical movement with the senses (such as sight and hearing) to perform tasks.

Question 3

Vision,hearing,touch,and smell are types of
A)sensory abilities.
B)sensorimotor abilities.
C)motor abilities.
D)psychomotor abilities.

Accepted Answer

Vision, hearing, touch, and smell are types of sensory abilities, as they involve the processing of sensory information by the nervous system.

Question 4

Understanding and predicting worker behavior by simply measuring "g" describes the
A)g-ocentric model.
B)intelligence quotient.
C)triarchic approach to intelligence.
D)general mechanical ability.

Accepted Answer

The g-ocentric model is based on the idea that general cognitive ability, or "g," is a strong predictor of job performance across different types of work, thus understanding and predicting worker behavior by measuring "g" aligns with this model.

Question 5

Dr.Hendry was asked to develop a selection system for hiring firefighters.She will most likely use a cognitive ability test to assess
A)to what extent each applicant can learn new procedures.
B)to what extent each applicant possesses any given personality trait.
C)applicants' ability to maintain a particular level of physical activity.
D)the overall character of the applicant.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive ability tests are designed to measure mental capabilities such as problem-solving, learning abilities, and understanding new information, which are relevant to learning new procedures. Personality traits, physical activity levels, and overall character are assessed through other types of evaluations.

Question 6

According to the text,the ___________ is person-centered and looks for qualities or characteristics within a person that will help us understand that persons' behavior.The __________ sets about measuring such characteristics.
A)psychometrician; human factors
B)psychometrician; differential psychologist
C)differential psychologist; psychometrician
D)differential psychologist; human factors

Accepted Answer

The differential psychologist is focused on identifying characteristics within individuals to understand their behavior, while the psychometrician is involved in measuring those characteristics.

Question 7

Psychomotor abilities include all of the following except
A)reaction time.
B)kinesthetic feedback.
C)dexterity.
D)coordination.

Accepted Answer

Kinesthetic feedback is not a psychomotor ability but rather a sensory feedback mechanism that helps in the perception of body position and movement. Psychomotor abilities, such as reaction time, dexterity, and coordination, involve the execution of physical tasks.

Question 8

Early individual differences tests focused on measuring
A)interests.
B)opinions.
C)beliefs.
D)intelligence.

Accepted Answer

Early individual differences tests primarily focused on measuring intelligence, aiming to quantify cognitive abilities and mental capacities.

Question 9

Another term that describes aerobic endurance is
A)strength.
B)flexibility.
C)stamina.
D)agility.

Accepted Answer

Aerobic endurance is often referred to as stamina because it measures the ability of the body to sustain prolonged physical activity that requires increased oxygen intake.

Question 10

For selection purposes,I-O psychologists assume that a person's intelligence and personality
A)can increase given the proper training.
B)remain relatively stable over time.
C)will decrease without proper training.
D)remain stable in work settings but decrease in settings outside of the work environment.

Accepted Answer

Intelligence and personality are generally considered by I-O psychologists to remain relatively stable over time, despite minor fluctuations or changes due to life circumstances or interventions.

Question 11

To qualify for a job,an applicant is asked to lift a 100-pound sack over his head once.This requirement is most likely used to assess the applicant's
A)psychomotor abilities.
B)stamina.
C)muscular power.
D)reaction time.

Accepted Answer

Lifting a 100-pound sack over one's head once primarily tests muscular power, which is the ability to exert force in a short burst of effort. This task does not specifically assess continuous physical effort (stamina), coordinated movement with precision (psychomotor abilities), or the speed of response to a stimulus (reaction time).

Question 12

"g" is an abbreviation for
A)goal setting.
B)general mental ability.
C)growth capacity.
D)giftedness.

Accepted Answer

"g" stands for general mental ability, a term used in psychology to describe the common factor that underlies individual abilities in various cognitive tasks.

Question 13

The phenomenon in which new generations seem to be smarter than their parents is referred to as:
A)the Intelligence Quotient.
B)the Flynn effect.
C)"g."
D)the taxonomic approach.

Accepted Answer

The Flynn effect refers to the observed rise over time in standardized intelligence test scores, which suggests that new generations perform better on these tests than older generations.

Question 14

I-O psychologists have recently defined intelligence as
A)the ability to recall important dates and events.
B)the ability to learn and adapt to an environment.
C)the speed and accuracy of memory.
D)the ability to store large amounts of information in working memory.

Accepted Answer

The ability to learn and adapt to an environment is a widely accepted definition of intelligence in the field of I-O psychology, as it encompasses the capacity for understanding, reasoning, problem solving, and adapting to new situations.

Question 15

_______________ often refers to specific abilities such as memory and reasoning,whereas _______________refers to a more general ability to adapt to an environment.
A)Cognitive ability; intelligence
B)Intelligence; cognitive ability
C)Cognitive ability; determination
D)Intelligence; personality

Accepted Answer

Cognitive ability often refers to specific abilities such as memory and reasoning, whereas intelligence refers to a more general ability to adapt to an environment.

Question 16

The physical functions of movement,associated with coordination,dexterity,and reaction time,are referred to as
A)psychomotor abilities.
B)cognitive abilities.
C)mental abilities.
D)muscular endurance.

Accepted Answer

Psychomotor abilities refer to the physical functions related to movement, including coordination, dexterity, and reaction time. These abilities are essential for tasks that require physical skill and precision.

Question 17

Mental ability refers to a person's
A)ability to control one's emotions.
B)capacity to reason,plan,and solve problems.
C)ability to notice changes in his/her body position.
D)ability to be motivated by a supervisor.

Accepted Answer

Mental ability encompasses cognitive functions such as reasoning, planning, and problem-solving, which are essential for understanding and interacting with the world.

Question 18

Defining intelligence can be problematic because
A)personality characteristics account for more variance in job outcomes.
B)intelligence is very unstable over time.
C)different cultures have different views about who an "intelligent person" is.
D)the formula for calculating intelligence is complex.

Accepted Answer

Different cultures have varying perspectives on what constitutes intelligence, making a universal definition challenging. This cultural diversity in understanding intelligence reflects the complexity of defining it in a way that encompasses all viewpoints.

Question 19

An I-O psychologist is screening firefighter recruits to examine strength,flexibility,and stamina.These traits would best be tested by
A)physical ability tests.
B)IQ tests.
C)differential psychology.
D)general mental ability tests.

Accepted Answer

Physical ability tests are specifically designed to assess physical attributes such as strength, flexibility, and stamina, which are directly relevant to the requirements of a firefighter's role.

Question 20

A test is designed to measure coordination,dexterity,and reaction time.These are classified as
A)psychosocial abilities.
B)perceptual-motor abilities.
C)sensory abilities.
D)psychomotor abilities.

Accepted Answer

Psychomotor abilities involve the coordination of cognitive functions and physical movement, which includes coordination, dexterity, and reaction time.

Quiz 3: Individual Differences and Assessment

Measures of general mental ability do not always guarantee success on the job because

Perceptual-motor abilities are

Vision,hearing,touch,and smell are types of

Understanding and predicting worker behavior by simply measuring "g" describes the

Dr.Hendry was asked to develop a selection system for hiring firefighters.She will most likely use a cognitive ability test to assess

According to the text,the _ is person-centered and looks for qualities or characteristics within a person that will help us understand that persons' behavior.The sets about measuring such characteristics.

Psychomotor abilities include all of the following except

Early individual differences tests focused on measuring

Another term that describes aerobic endurance is

For selection purposes,I-O psychologists assume that a person's intelligence and personality

To qualify for a job,an applicant is asked to lift a 100-pound sack over his head once.This requirement is most likely used to assess the applicant's

"g" is an abbreviation for

The phenomenon in which new generations seem to be smarter than their parents is referred to as:

I-O psychologists have recently defined intelligence as

_ often refers to specific abilities such as memory and reasoning,whereas _refers to a more general ability to adapt to an environment.

The physical functions of movement,associated with coordination,dexterity,and reaction time,are referred to as

Mental ability refers to a person's

Defining intelligence can be problematic because

An I-O psychologist is screening firefighter recruits to examine strength,flexibility,and stamina.These traits would best be tested by

A test is designed to measure coordination,dexterity,and reaction time.These are classified as