Question 1

Jackie's new roommate is Asian.Even though Jackie doesn't know anything about her roommate,she assumes that her roommate will be good at math and asks her roommate for
Math tutoring as soon as she meets her.Jackie is using a ________ to guide her interactions
With her roommate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Jackie's new roommate is Asian.Even though Jackie...

Question 2

Jake is choosing his major from three different alternatives: biology,Spanish,or psychology. Jake is using

Accepted Answer

Jake is engaging in decision making, which involves choosing between different alternatives or options. In this case, he is choosing his major from three different alternatives.

Question 3

Lauren is baking a cake but realizes that she is missing ingredients.She has to make the cake, so she finds a new recipe that will work with the ingredients she has.Lauren is engaging in

Accepted Answer

Lauren is engaging in problem solving because she is identifying a problem (missing ingredients) and finding a solution (a new recipe that works with the ingredients she has). Problem solving involves evaluating the situation and coming up with a strategy to address the issue at hand.

Question 4

Bob believes that the Seahawks will win the Super Bowl this year.To see whether you agree with Bob,you read a variety of online reviews about the Seahawks and their opponents
And compare the statistics for each team.To determine whether Bob's conclusion is
Reasonable,you are engaging in

Accepted Answer

You are engaging in reasoning because you are evaluating information (online reviews and statistics) to form a judgment about the likelihood of the Seahawks winning the Super Bowl, which involves logical thinking and analysis.

Question 5

In the past,orchestra conductors held the stereotype that women were inferior musicians. According to your textbook,how did the audition process change so that conductors would not
Be biased by this stereotype?

Accepted Answer

Musicians auditioned behind screens to ensure that the conductors could not see them, removing visual cues about their gender or ethnicity, and the conductors did not know the musicians' names to further prevent any bias, allowing decisions to be made based solely on musical performance.

Question 6

How could you use formal reasoning to help improve your life?

Accepted Answer

Formal reasoning involves systematic methods of thinking, including hypothesis testing and empirical evidence collection. Option B is an example of using a formal reasoning approach (scientific method) to test a hypothesis (whether walking improves moods) by collecting empirical evidence, which can lead to conclusions based on data rather than subjective opinions or personal experiences.

Question 7

Jethro believes that all elderly people have difficulty hearing and understanding.Whenever he interacts with an elderly person,Jethro automatically speaks loudly and slowly.Jethro is
Applying his ________ of the elderly in these interactions.

Accepted Answer

Jethro is applying his stereotype of the elderly in these interactions. A stereotype is a fixed, over generalized belief about a particular group or class of people. In this case, Jethro holds a stereotype that all elderly people have difficulty hearing and understanding, which influences how he communicates with them.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes problem solving?

Accepted Answer

Problem solving involves finding a way around an obstacle to reach a goal, which is a process of identifying a problem and taking steps to resolve it.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of reasoning that could happen in your life?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is an example...

Question 10

Because she heard that her blind date was an accounting major,Cynthia imagined that he would be conservative,humorless,and dull.Cynthia's generalization of what an accounting
Student is like is an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

Cynthia's assumption about her blind date based on his major is an example of a stereotype, which is a generalized belief about a particular category of people.

Question 11

Your friend says the new restaurant in town has the best hamburgers.To see whether she is correct,you read a variety of online restaurant reviews.You are using ________ reasoning
To determine whether this conclusion is valid.

Accepted Answer

Informal reasoning involves using personal judgment and experience to evaluate information, which is what you are doing by reading various online reviews to assess the quality of the hamburgers at the new restaurant.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the relationship between schemas and stereotypes?

Accepted Answer

Stereotypes are indeed a specific type of schema that relate to the assumptions or generalizations we make about groups of people, thus making them a subset of schemas which can be about any concept, including objects, situations, or groups.

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of problem solving that could happen in your life?

Accepted Answer

Figuring out how to get to work after your car breaks down involves identifying a problem and finding a solution, which is a clear example of problem solving.

Question 14

Kevin wants to be a doctor but right now he is an English major.Kevin is trying to find out how to change majors to one that will allow him to reach his goal.Kevin is engaging in

Accepted Answer

Kevin is trying to find out how to change majors to one that will allow him to reach his goal. This is a problem-solving task, as Kevin is trying to find a solution to a problem.

Question 15

How could you use informal reasoning to help improve your life?

Accepted Answer

Informal reasoning involves using personal experiences, anecdotal evidence, and subjective judgment rather than strict empirical methods to make decisions or form beliefs. Option A reflects this by suggesting the collection of others' opinions and personal knowledge to make a judgment about a topic, which is a form of informal reasoning. Options B, C, and D suggest more formal, empirical approaches to answering questions, which do not align with the concept of using informal reasoning.

Question 16

Your rent is due,but you are short $100.You find a way around this obstacle to meet the goal of paying the rent by offering to clean your friend's house for $100.You now have
Enough money to pay your rent.To reach your goal,you have just used the thinking
Strategy of

Accepted Answer

Problem solving involves identifying a problem and finding a way to resolve it. In this scenario, the problem was being short $100 for rent, and the solution was to earn the money by cleaning a friend's house.

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of decision making that could happen in your life?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is an example...

Question 18

Which of the following best describes reasoning?

Accepted Answer

Reasoning involves using information to assess whether a conclusion or argument is logically sound, valid, or reasonable. It is a cognitive process of thinking about information in a structured way to make deductions or come to conclusions.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of using a stereotype?

Accepted Answer

Stereotypes do not improve decision making; they often lead to oversimplified and inaccurate conclusions about individuals or groups, which can be harmful and lead to biased decisions rather than systematic or thoughtful decision-making processes.

Question 20

You need to hire a new accountant for your company.However,you believe that men typically make better accountants than women do.If you want to avoid using this stereotype
In your hiring decision,what should you do?

Accepted Answer

Removing the applicants' names from the applications can help mitigate unconscious biases or stereotypes by focusing on the qualifications and experiences of the applicants rather than their gender.

Quiz 8: Thinking and Intelligence

Jackie's new roommate is Asian.Even though Jackie doesn't know anything about her roommate,she assumes that her roommate will be good at math and asks her roommate for Math tutoring as soon as she meets her.Jackie is using a ________ to guide her interactions With her roommate.

Jake is choosing his major from three different alternatives: biology,Spanish,or psychology. Jake is using

Lauren is baking a cake but realizes that she is missing ingredients.She has to make the cake, so she finds a new recipe that will work with the ingredients she has.Lauren is engaging in

Bob believes that the Seahawks will win the Super Bowl this year.To see whether you agree with Bob,you read a variety of online reviews about the Seahawks and their opponents And compare the statistics for each team.To determine whether Bob's conclusion is Reasonable,you are engaging in

In the past,orchestra conductors held the stereotype that women were inferior musicians. According to your textbook,how did the audition process change so that conductors would not Be biased by this stereotype?

How could you use formal reasoning to help improve your life?

Jethro believes that all elderly people have difficulty hearing and understanding.Whenever he interacts with an elderly person,Jethro automatically speaks loudly and slowly.Jethro is Applying his ________ of the elderly in these interactions.

Which of the following best describes problem solving?

Which of the following is an example of reasoning that could happen in your life?

Because she heard that her blind date was an accounting major,Cynthia imagined that he would be conservative,humorless,and dull.Cynthia's generalization of what an accounting Student is like is an example of a(n)

Your friend says the new restaurant in town has the best hamburgers.To see whether she is correct,you read a variety of online restaurant reviews.You are using ________ reasoning To determine whether this conclusion is valid.