Question 1

According to Freud, the thoughts and motives of which you are currently aware are stored in your ________.

Accepted Answer

According to Freud, the thoughts and motives of which you are currently aware are stored in your conscious. The conscious mind includes everything that we are aware of at a given moment.

Question 2

In the iceberg analogy of Freud's levels of consciousness, the "tip" is the ________.

Accepted Answer

In Freud's iceberg analogy for the levels of consciousness, the "tip" that is visible above the water represents the conscious mind, which includes everything that we are aware of at any given moment.

Question 3

According to Freud, the thoughts, motives or memories that you can easily bring to awareness is stored in your ________.

Accepted Answer

Freud's theory suggests that the preconscious contains thoughts and memories that are not currently in conscious awareness but can be easily accessed.

Question 4

The thoughts and motives that lie beyond a person's normal awareness are found in what Freud called the ________.

Accepted Answer

Freud referred to the unconscious as the part of the mind that contains thoughts, memories, and desires that are well below the surface of conscious awareness but that nonetheless exert great influence on behavior.

Question 5

Compared to ________ theories that only describe personality, ________ theories attempt to explain personality.

Accepted Answer

Trait theories primarily describe personality characteristics, while psychoanalytic theories delve into the underlying mechanisms and reasons for personality development and behavior.

Question 6

The rational part of the psyche that deals with reality and tries to meet the needs of the other two mental structures is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

The ego is the part of the psyche that deals with reality and tries to meet the needs of the other two mental structures, the id and the superego, in a balanced way.

Question 7

Samsara is aloof and self-contained.She prefers to read and work on her computer rather than engage in camping or other outdoor activities.She feels emotions deeply, but rarely displays them.Her thoughts are complex and focused on philosophical questions rather than everyday practicalities.This is a description of Samsara's ________.

Accepted Answer

This description outlines Samsara's personality, which includes her preferences, emotional depth, and intellectual focus.

Question 8

Which of the following is FALSE regarding the ego?

Accepted Answer

The ego does not reside entirely within the conscious realm; it operates across conscious, preconscious, and unconscious levels of awareness. This is because the ego is responsible for mediating between the demands of the id, the superego, and reality, which involves both conscious and unconscious thought processes.

Question 9

According to Freud, the three mental structures that form personality are the ________.

Accepted Answer

Freud's theory of personality is structured around the id, ego, and superego, which are the three mental structures he believed form personality. The id is responsible for basic instincts and desires, the ego mediates between the id and the external world, and the superego incorporates the moral standards and values of society.

Question 10

When a child learns the rules and values of parents and society and incorporates them into his own psyche, that child has developed his ________.

Accepted Answer

The superego is the part of a person's mind that internalizes the rules, values, and moral attitudes of parents and society, acting as a self-critical conscience guiding behavior.

Question 11

The ________ principle asserts that the only motivation for behavior is the immediate gratification of needs.

Accepted Answer

The pleasure principle is the concept in psychoanalytic theory that suggests the driving force of behavior is the desire for immediate gratification of needs and the avoidance of pain, without consideration of the consequences.

Question 12

"I'm going to take this candy because I want it NOW!" said the ________."But, stealing is wrong," said the ________."Let's ask mom if she'll advance our allowance so we can buy it today," said the ________.

Accepted Answer

The id operates on the pleasure principle, wanting immediate gratification, which aligns with taking the candy. The superego represents the moral conscience, objecting to stealing. The ego, functioning on the reality principle, seeks a realistic strategy, like asking for an advance on allowance.

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a "Freudian slip"?

Accepted Answer

A Freudian slip is an unintentional error regarded as revealing subconscious feelings. In option B, the husband accidentally refers to his wife as his mother, which could reveal underlying subconscious thoughts or feelings, fitting the definition of a Freudian slip.

Question 14

An individual's unique and relatively stable pattern of thoughts, feelings, and actions is known as his or her ________.

Accepted Answer

Personality is the term used to describe an individual's unique and relatively stable patterns of thoughts, feelings, and actions.

Question 15

The id constant need to seek out pleasure and engaging in gratifying behaviors is kept in check by the conscious "executive" functions of the ________.

Accepted Answer

The ego is responsible for dealing with reality, trying to meet the desires of the id in a socially acceptable way. It operates according to the reality principle, balancing the demands of the id and the superego.

Question 16

According to Freud, the ________ is concerned with immediate gratification and the avoidance of discomfort.

Accepted Answer

The id is the part of the personality that is concerned with immediate gratification of basic physical needs and desires, operating on the pleasure principle to avoid discomfort.

Question 17

According to your text, one of the BEST definitions of personality is your ________.

Accepted Answer

Personality is best defined as a unique and relatively stable pattern of thoughts, feelings, and actions. This encompasses the consistent behaviors and internal experiences that differentiate one person from another.

Question 18

Harmony just learned that her brother cross dresses, and wants him to know that she cares about him.She compliments him before he leaves for school by saying, "I really like your skirt...I mean shirt." This could be an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of a Freudian slip, which occurs when an unintentional error in speech or memory reveals an underlying, unconscious thought or feeling. In this case, Harmony accidentally says "skirt" instead of "shirt," revealing her awareness and thoughts about her brother's cross-dressing.

Question 19

A major premise underlying psychoanalytic or psychodynamic theories of personality is that ________.

Accepted Answer

Psychoanalytic or psychodynamic theories, pioneered by Sigmund Freud, emphasize that unconscious forces—thoughts, feelings, and motives—significantly influence our behavior and personality. These theories suggest that much of our mental life is unconscious, and these unconscious forces shape our actions and psychological makeup.

Question 20

The ________ operates on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification.The ________ operates on the reality principle, and the ________ contains the conscience, which provide moral guidance for the ego.

Accepted Answer

The id operates on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification. The ego operates on the reality principle, balancing the demands of the id and the superego. The superego contains the conscience, providing moral guidance.

Quiz 13: Personality