Question 1

The result of the ego's failure to satisfy both id and superego is ________ slipping into our conscious awareness.

Accepted Answer

Anxiety is the result of the ego's failure to satisfy both the id and the superego, as it signals to the ego that its control is being threatened, leading to feelings of unease or dread.

Question 2

Zhu would much rather spend all day hanging with the guys than spend five minutes talking to a girl.In fact, he has very little interest in sexual matters.Freud would MOST likely suggest that Zhu is ________.

Accepted Answer

Freud would likely suggest that Zhu is in the latency stage of development, a period characterized by a focus on social interactions and activities rather than sexual matters.

Question 3

Fixation at this psychosexual stage of development would, according to Freud, lead to either a very neat person or one who is messy and disorderly.

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's psychosexual stages of development, fixation at the anal stage can lead to a personality that is either overly neat and orderly (anal retentive) or messy and disorderly (anal expulsive).

Question 4

According to Freud, most girls ________.

Accepted Answer

Freud believed that most girls fail to develop an adequate superego compared to boys, a concept stemming from his psychoanalytic theory, particularly in the context of the Oedipus and Electra complexes during the phallic stage of psychosexual development.

Question 5

Defense mechanisms are strategies employed by the ________ to reduce anxiety and avoid conflict.

Accepted Answer

Defense mechanisms are strategies used by the ego to reduce anxiety and avoid conflict. The ego operates according to the reality principle, mediating between the desires of the id and the morals of the superego.

Question 6

Conan constantly wants to be near his mother, receiving her affectionate touching and kissing.He wants nothing to do with his father, and actively stands between his parents to keep them from hugging each other.According to Freudian theory, it is likely that Conan is ________.

Accepted Answer

Conan's behavior is indicative of the Oedipus complex, according to Freudian theory. This complex occurs during the phallic stage of psychosexual development, where a child, typically around the ages of 3-6, unconsciously desires the opposite-sex parent and views the same-sex parent as a rival. Conan's desire to be close to his mother and his efforts to keep his parents apart are classic signs of this complex.

Question 7

Which of the following is the CORRECT sequence of Freud's psychosexual stages of development?

Accepted Answer

The correct sequence according to Freud's theory of psychosexual development is oral, followed by anal, then phallic, latency, and finally genital stages.

Question 8

Gisele is in the process of developing successful relationships with her same-sex peers and refining her female gender role.She is also working on her intellectual skills.According to Freud, Gisele is in the ________ stage of development.

Accepted Answer

During the latency stage, which occurs from around age 6 to puberty, children focus on developing their social skills, forming relationships with same-sex peers, and engaging in activities that enhance their intellectual abilities. This stage is characterized by a decrease in sexual urges and interests, allowing the child to concentrate on other aspects of development.

Question 9

According to Freud, sexual relationships based on lust rather than emotional attachment and a desire for commitment are indicators that an individual ________.

Accepted Answer

Freud believed that mature sexual relationships are characterized by mutual affection and a desire for commitment, which are features of a successfully navigated genital stage of psychosexual development. Failure to master this stage could result in relationships based primarily on lust.

Question 10

According to Freud, during the phallic stage of psychosexual development, children develop _____, which is a desire for the opposite-sex parent along with hostility toward the same-sex parent.

Accepted Answer

During the phallic stage of psychosexual development, Freud proposed that children develop the Oedipus complex (in boys) or the Electra complex (in girls), which involves a desire for the opposite-sex parent and feelings of rivalry or hostility toward the same-sex parent.

Question 11

Three of the most influential neo-Freudians were ________.

Accepted Answer

Adler, Jung, and Horney are recognized as three of the most influential neo-Freudians. They expanded upon and diverged from Freud's original psychoanalytic theories, emphasizing social and cultural factors in personality development and psychological health.

Question 12

The five developmental periods during which particular kinds of pleasures must be gratified for personality development to proceed normally are known as ________ stages of development.

Accepted Answer

Freud's theory of psychosexual development posits that individuals go through five stages (oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital) where pleasure is focused on specific erogenous zones. Successful navigation through these stages is essential for normal personality development.

Question 13

According to Freud, regression to a prior stage of development may be related to ________.

Accepted Answer

Regression, according to Freud, is a defense mechanism that occurs when an individual faces stress or conflict, leading them to revert to behaviors and patterns from an earlier stage of development.

Question 14

To prevent the ________ associated with the ego's failure to satisfy both the id and superego, people develop and use ________.

Accepted Answer

Defense mechanisms are psychological strategies used by the ego to manage anxiety resulting from conflicts between the id and superego.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT one of the erogenous zones in Freud's psychosexual stages?

Accepted Answer

Freud's psychosexual stages focus on the mouth (oral stage), anus (anal stage), and genitals (phallic stage) as primary erogenous zones. Breasts are not considered a primary erogenous zone in Freud's theory.

Question 16

Used excessively, defense mechanisms can be dangerous because they ________.

Accepted Answer

Defense mechanisms can become dangerous when they are used excessively because they can increase self-deception. When people rely too heavily on defense mechanisms, they may start to believe the distorted reality that these mechanisms create, which can lead to problems in their relationships, work, and overall well-being.

Question 17

According to Freud, each stage of development is characterized by a conflict between the id and the ________.If these conflicts are unresolved, Freud believed a person would become ________.

Accepted Answer

Freud theorized that each developmental stage involves a conflict between the id and societal demands. If these conflicts are not resolved, he believed individuals would become fixated at that stage, affecting their future behavior and personality development.

Question 18

An unsuccessful resolution of the toilet training conflict may result in an adult who is ________.

Accepted Answer

According to Freudian psychoanalytic theory, unresolved conflicts during the anal stage of psychosexual development (which includes toilet training) can lead to an adult who exhibits anal-retentive or anal-expulsive behaviors. Anal-retentive behaviors are characterized by meticulousness and orderliness, while anal-expulsive behaviors are characterized by messiness and disorder.

Question 19

Clement is a gullible, dependent, and passive adult.Freud might say Clement was ________ during ________ stage of development.

Accepted Answer

Freud would likely say Clement was overindulged during the oral stage of development, as characteristics such as gullibility, dependency, and passivity are associated with issues in the oral stage, according to Freudian theory. This stage focuses on the pleasures and frustrations associated with the mouth, sucking, and being fed.

Question 20

Psychologists believe that defense mechanisms ________.

Accepted Answer

Defense mechanisms can be a healthy part of psychological coping when they are not used excessively. They help individuals manage stress and emotional conflict.

Quiz 13: Personality