Question 1

In Bekhterev's theory, the study of the emergence, development, and behavior of groups that display their collective activity in unity is called:

Accepted Answer

Bekhterev's theory refers to the study of collective reflexology, which focuses on the emergence, development, and behavior of groups displaying collective activity.

Question 2

In Pavlov's theory, the reflexes that appear only under certain conditions are called:

Accepted Answer

Conditioned reflexes are learned responses that occur under specific conditions, as described in Pavlov's theory.

Question 3

of the nervous system, according to Pavlov, refers to equilibrium between excitement and inhibition within the nervous system.

Accepted Answer

Pavlov's concept of the nervous system involves a balance between excitation and inhibition to maintain equilibrium.

Question 4

Jacques Loeb believed that consciousness was little more than the ability of an organism to gain behavioral options as a result of experience.

Accepted Answer

Jacques Loeb, a biologist, viewed consciousness as a mechanistic process, emphasizing behavior modification through experience rather than intrinsic awareness.

Question 5

Among the founding principles of behaviorism, in Watson's theory, are stimulus and response, habit formation, and .

Accepted Answer

The answer of Among the founding principles of behaviorism, in...

Question 6

Parsimony is the scientific principle standing for the necessity to seek the simplest explanations available to explain complex phenomena.

Accepted Answer

Parsimony, often referred to as Occam's Razor, is a principle that suggests preferring the simplest explanation that accounts for all the facts when faced with competing hypotheses.

Question 7

is the process of coinfluence between excitement and inhibition according to Pavlov.

Accepted Answer

Induction is the process described by Pavlov where excitement and inhibition influence each other in the nervous system.

Question 8

Second signaling system, according to Pavlov is religion.

Accepted Answer

The second signaling system, according to Pavlov, refers to the use of language and symbols in humans, not religion.

Question 9

Bekhterev was a founder of the first Russian experimental psychological laboratory in 1886.

Accepted Answer

Bekhterev established the first Russian experimental psychological laboratory in 1886, contributing significantly to the development of psychology in Russia.

Question 10

of the nervous system, according to Pavlov, is a reflection of the functional ability of the neurons to maintain the state of activation or excitement without developing self-protecting inhibition.

Accepted Answer

Pavlov referred to the "strength" of the nervous system as the ability of neurons to maintain activation without succumbing to inhibition.

Question 11

Tropism is a physical reaction of orientation of the individual in a large social group.

Accepted Answer

Tropism refers to the growth or movement of an organism, typically a plant, in response to an environmental stimulus, not a social group orientation.

Question 12

Reflexology is the name of Pavlov's theory, the central concepts of which were reflex and adaptation.

Accepted Answer

Reflexology is not the name of Pavlov's theory. Pavlov is known for his work on classical conditioning, which involves learning through association, not reflexology.

Question 13

One of Watson's first research projects was a study of mental patients.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One of Watson's first research projects was...

Question 14

is a concept in Thorndike's theory to describe the dynamic of learning a habit. It also indicates the connection between learning and the time it takes to learn.

Accepted Answer

The "learning curve" in Thorndike's theory describes the relationship between the time it takes to learn and the process of learning a habit, indicating how learning progresses over time.

Question 15

In 1915, Watson reported to the APA about two Russian scientists, Bekhterev and Pavlov, who had developed new methods and theories to study behavior.

Accepted Answer

Watson did report on the work of Russian scientists Bekhterev and Pavlov, who were influential in the development of behaviorism, a field Watson was heavily involved in.

Question 16

In 1915, Watson unexpectedly became president of the American Psychological Association.

Accepted Answer

Watson was elected president of the American Psychological Association in 1915.

Question 17

A type of description or scientific approach to portray animal behavior in human terms is called:

Accepted Answer

Anthropomorphism is the attribution of human traits, emotions, or intentions to non-human entities, including animals.

Question 18

Unconditioned reflexes-in Pavlov's theory, the reflexes associated with the direct influence of a substance on the receptors within the mouth.

Accepted Answer

Unconditioned reflexes, as per Pavlov's theory, are innate responses triggered by direct stimuli, such as substances affecting mouth receptors, without prior learning or conditioning.

Question 19

of the nervous system, in Pavlov's theory, refers to the quickness of the activation of excitement or the quickness of change between the two states of inhibition and excitement.

Accepted Answer

The answer of of the nervous system, in Pavlov's theory,...

Question 20

is the term in Pavlov's theory to describe physiological activities of the brain's cortex; Pavlov commonly called it behavior.

Accepted Answer

Pavlov referred to the physiological activities of the brain's cortex as "highest nervous activity," which he associated with behavior and the processes of conditioning.

Quiz 7: The Birth and Development of the Behaviorist Tradition