Question 1

The total variation in y is _ . A) SS_within B) SS_between C) SS_y D) SS_x

Accepted Answer

The total variation in y is represented by SS_y, which stands for the total sum of squares of the dependent variable y.

Question 2

Interactions occur when the effects of one factor on the dependent variable depend on the level (category) of the other factors.

Accepted Answer

Interactions occur when the effect of one factor on the dependent variable changes based on the level of another factor. This means that the impact of each factor is dependent on the presence or absence of the other factor.

Question 3

When using SPSS Windows one- way ANOVA can be efficiently performed using the program.
A) NONPARAMETRIC TESTS
B) GENERAL LINEAR MODEL
C) COMPARE MEANS
D) UNIVARIATE

Accepted Answer

The "COMPARE MEANS" option in SPSS is used to perform one-way ANOVA, allowing comparison of means across different groups.

Question 4

A statistical technique for examining the differences among means for two or more populations is called .
A) cross- tabulation
B) independent samples t test
C) chi- square
D) analysis of variance (ANOVA)

Accepted Answer

Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to compare the means of two or more populations to determine if there are any statistically significant differences among them.

Question 5

Analysis of variance and analysis of covariance are tests of differences between two means or median.

Accepted Answer

Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) are statistical methods used to test differences among three or more group means, not just between two means or medians.

Question 6

The value of y²varies between 0 and 1.

Accepted Answer

The square of any real number is always non-negative, so y² can only vary between 0 and 1 if y itself varies between 0 and 1.

Question 7

Which statement is correct if the null hypothesis for a one- way ANOVA is rejected?
A) The effect of the independent variable is significant.
B) The independent variable does not have a significant effect on the dependent variable.
C) The mean value of the dependent variable will be the same for different categories of the independent variable.
D) Both B and C are correct.

Accepted Answer

The null hypothesis for a one-way ANOVA is that the means of all groups are equal. If the null hypothesis is rejected, it means that at least one of the group means is different from the others. This implies that the effect of the independent variable (which is the factor that divides the groups) is significant.

Question 8

An interaction effect occurs when the effect of an independent variable on a dependent variable is different for different categories or levels of another independent variable.

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of an interaction effect.

Question 9

The estimated value of m²can be negative, in which case the estimated value of m²is set equal to one.

Accepted Answer

The square of a real number (m^2) cannot be negative, as squaring any real number results in a non-negative value.

Question 10

Omega squared, m², indicates what proportion of the variation in the dependent variable is related to a particular independent variable or factor.

Accepted Answer

Omega squared (ω²) is a measure of effect size that indicates the proportion of variance in the dependent variable that is attributable to a particular independent variable or factor in the context of ANOVA.

Question 11

In the , the categories or treatments are considered to be random samples from a universe of treatments. Inferences are made to other categories not examined in the analysis.
A) fixed- effects model
B) mixed- effects model
C) random- effects model
D) standard- effects model

Accepted Answer

In a random-effects model, the categories or treatments are considered random samples from a larger population, allowing inferences to be made about other categories not included in the analysis.

Question 12

Modest departures from the assumptions in analysis of variance do not seriously affect the validity of the analysis.

Accepted Answer

This statement is generally true. While the assumptions of normality, equal variances, and independence are important for the validity of analysis of variance (ANOVA), modest departures from these assumptions can often be tolerated without seriously affecting the results. However, large departures or violations of these assumptions can lead to incorrect conclusions and should be addressed through alternative analysis methods or data transformations.

Question 13

The most commonly used measure in ANOVA indicating the relative importance of factors is omega squared, (m²).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The most commonly used measure in ANOVA...

Question 14

is an ANOVA technique using two or more metric dependent variables.
A) Nonmetric ANOVA
B) Contrasts
C) Repeated measures ANOVA
D) Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA)

Accepted Answer

Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) is the only ANOVA technique that allows for the analysis of multiple dependent variables simultaneously. Nonmetric ANOVA and Contrasts are not relevant to the analysis of multiple dependent variables, and repeated measures ANOVA is only appropriate for analyzing data in which the same subjects are measured multiple times on a single dependent variable.

Question 15

The most common use of the covariate is to remove extraneous variation from the dependent variable.

Accepted Answer

Covariates are used to control for extraneous influences on the dependent variable, thus removing their effects and allowing for a clearer identification of the relationship between the independent variable and the outcome.

Question 16

Analysis of variance is so named because it examines the variability or variation in the sample (dependent variable) and, based on the variability, determines whether there is reason to believe that the population means differ.

Accepted Answer

Analysis of variance (ANOVA) does indeed examine variability in a sample to determine whether there are differences in population means.

Question 17

In examining the differences among means, one- way analysis of variance involves the decomposition of the total variation observed in the independent variable.

Accepted Answer

One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) involves the decomposition of the total variation observed in the dependent variable, not the independent variable, into components attributable to different sources, primarily the variation between groups and within groups.

Question 18

Important issues involved in the interpretation of ANOVA results include all of the following except .
A) determining the appropriateness of the test
B) interactions
C) relative importance of factors
D) multiple comparisons

Accepted Answer

The answer of Important issues involved in the interpretation of...

Question 19

Nonmetric analysis of variance examines the difference in the central tendencies of more than two groups when the dependent variable is measured on a nominal scale.

Accepted Answer

Nonmetric analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used when the dependent variable is measured on an ordinal scale or higher, not on a nominal scale. Nominal scale variables cannot be ranked or ordered, whereas ordinal scale variables can.

Question 20

ANOVA and ANCOVA include one independent variable and t tests include more than one independent variable.

Accepted Answer

ANOVA and ANCOVA can include more than one independent variable, while t tests typically only involve one independent variable.

Quiz 16: Analysis of Variance and

The total variation in y is _ .

Interactions occur when the effects of one factor on the dependent variable depend on the level (category) of the other factors.

When using SPSS Windows one- way ANOVA can be efficiently performed using the program.

A statistical technique for examining the differences among means for two or more populations is called .

Analysis of variance and analysis of covariance are tests of differences between two means or median.

The value of y2 varies between 0 and 1.

Which statement is correct if the null hypothesis for a one- way ANOVA is rejected?

An interaction effect occurs when the effect of an independent variable on a dependent variable is different for different categories or levels of another independent variable.

The estimated value of m2 can be negative, in which case the estimated value of m2 is set equal to one.

Omega squared, m2, indicates what proportion of the variation in the dependent variable is related to a particular independent variable or factor.

In the , the categories or treatments are considered to be random samples from a universe of treatments. Inferences are made to other categories not examined in the analysis.