Question 1

Older adults who will not become involved in physical activity because of a low perception of their current health and fitness levels are an example of what type of determinant of physical activity?

Accepted Answer

The low perception of current health and fitness levels falls under psychological, cognitive, and emotional factors, as it pertains to an individual's mindset and beliefs surrounding their abilities and self-efficacy towards physical activity.

Question 2

The likelihood that participation rates will decline as age increases is an example of which type of determinant of physical activity?

Accepted Answer

The likelihood of declining participation rates as age increases is related to demographic and biological factors, such as changes to physical abilities and health conditions that are more prevalent in older populations. Emotional factors, behavioural attributes, physical and environmental factors, and social and cultural factors can influence physical activity levels but are not specifically linked to age-related declines.

Question 3

Loss of muscle mass that typically accompanies aging is known as:

Accepted Answer

Sarcopenia is the loss of muscle mass that typically accompanies aging. Osteoporosis is a condition where bones become brittle and weak due to the loss of tissue. Hypertrophy is an increase in muscle size, while myopenia is a condition characterized by muscle weakness. Narcopenia is not a known term in the field of aging or muscle loss.

Question 4

Which is the most common barrier to exercise in seniors?

Accepted Answer

Health problems and pain are the most common barriers to exercise in seniors. As individuals age, chronic conditions and physical limitations can make physical activity more challenging and painful. It is important for seniors to consult with their healthcare provider and develop an exercise plan that works for their unique needs and abilities.

Question 5

Baker,Horton,Pearce,and Deakin's (2007)study of elite _ _ suggests that skilled motor performance declines much less with age than performance in sports such as running and swimming.

Accepted Answer

The study by Baker, Horton, Pearce, and Deakin (2007) found that skilled motor performance in sports like golf declines much less with age compared to sports that rely more on physical attributes like running and swimming.

Question 6

There may be a dynamic,reciprocal relationship between physical activity and beliefs,in that positive beliefs promote physical activity and physical activity promotes _ beliefs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of There may be a dynamic,reciprocal relationship between...

Question 7

Generally,the best predictor of physical activity involvement in people of all ages is

Accepted Answer

Enjoyment is the best predictor of physical activity involvement because if a person enjoys the activity, then they are more likely to continue doing it. This applies to people of all ages. Coaching, meeting new people, winning trophies, and setting records can all be motivating factors, but enjoyment is the most consistent and long-lasting predictor of physical activity involvement.

Question 8

A health care practitioner who characterizes female older adults as fragile or delicate and encourages them not to engage in physical activity because it is risky is an example of which type of determinant of physical activity?

Accepted Answer

The health care practitioner's characterization of female older adults as fragile or delicate and their encouragement for them to not engage in physical activity because it is risky suggests a social and cultural determinant of physical activity. This kind of attitude may discourage females from being physically active.

Question 9

Which of the following is the most common motive for Masters track and field athletes?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is the most...

Question 10

Which of the following is a benefit of exercise in older adults?

Accepted Answer

Exercise in older adults has numerous benefits, including increased muscle mass and strength, an increase in cardiovascular function, improved flexibility, and improved psychological health. All of these benefits can lead to a higher quality of life and a reduction in the risk of chronic diseases.

Question 11

Disidentification can be a useful tool for:

Accepted Answer

Disidentification helps individuals maintain self-esteem by distancing their identity from areas where they might face negative stereotypes or potential failure.

Question 12

Simon and Storandt's (1997)of activity levels in childhood and adolescence among competitors,non- competitors (i.e.,active but not competing in sport),and non- exercisers found which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Simon and Storandt's (1997)of activity levels in...

Question 13

Using the Profile of Mood States,Masters track and field athletes demonstrated a lower score than other athletes in which state?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Using the Profile of Mood States,Masters track...

Question 14

Rowe and Khan's model of successful aging has 3 components:

Accepted Answer

Rowe and Khan's model of successful aging includes three components: 1) absence of chronic disease, 2) maintenance of cognitive and physical functioning, and 3) active engagement with life. This model emphasizes the importance of staying healthy in mind and body, while also continuing to participate in meaningful activities that provide a sense of purpose and fulfillment. Option B is incorrect because it only focuses on sport and physical involvement, while Option C is incorrect because it only mentions physical functioning and energy levels. Option D is only partially correct because it includes absence of chronic disease and active engagement with life, but does not address the importance of maintaining cognitive and physical functioning.

Question 15

According to the study by Ungerleider et al (1989),70% of Masters track and field athletes use what psychological skill in training and competition?

Accepted Answer

According to the study, 70% of Masters track and field athletes use imagery as a psychological skill in training and competition.

Question 16

Which one of the following represents a difference between Masters runners and their non- active counterparts?

Accepted Answer

All of the above represent differences between Masters runners and their non-active counterparts. Studies have shown that Masters runners have higher self-esteem, consume less alcohol, experience fewer physical problems, and have better sleep patterns compared to non-active peers.

Question 17

By the year 2026,the number of Canadian adults over the age of sixty- five is expected to:

Accepted Answer

By the year 2026, the number of Canadian adults over the age of sixty-five is expected to double.

Question 18

'Reconceptualizing your self- image to remove the value associated with a domain,thereby reducing the impact of negative performance' is known as:

Accepted Answer

This process is called disidentification, where an individual reduces the importance they place on a particular domain (such as academics or athletics) in order to reduce the impact of negative performance. This strategy has been found to be effective in reducing the effects of stereotype threat. Implicit priming refers to unconscious influences on behavior, stereotype threat is the experience of anxiety and negative stereotypes in a particular domain, explicit priming refers to deliberate attempts to influence behavior, and self-handicapping involves setting oneself up for anticipated failure.

Question 19

Master athletes have shown the iceberg profile,which involves

Accepted Answer

The iceberg profile observed in master athletes is characterized by lower scores on tension, depression, fatigue, and confusion, but higher scores on vigour than normative samples. This particular profile is believed to be related to the high level of physical activity and fitness that master athletes engage in, which leads to a reduced likelihood of experiencing negative emotional states and cognitive symptoms.

Question 20

Older women are,in general

Accepted Answer

Research shows that older women are generally less physically active than younger women and less physically active than older men. Therefore, option E is the correct answer as it includes both A and D.

Quiz 10: Aging and Involvement in Sport and Physical Activity