Question 1

While soundly asleep people cannot

Accepted Answer

People cannot learn new information, such as tape-recorded messages, while asleep because the brain is not in a state conducive to active learning and memory encoding during sleep.

Question 2

According to Freud,the dreams of adults can be traced back to

Accepted Answer

According to Freud, dreams are expressions of unconscious wishes, often of a sexual or aggressive nature. He believed that every dream represents a symbolic fulfillment of a repressed desire.

Question 3

Mr. Oates always sleeps restlessly,snorting and gasping throughout the night. It is most likely that Mr. Oates suffers from

Accepted Answer

Snorting and gasping throughout the night is a common symptom of sleep apnea, a sleep disorder characterized by interruptions in breathing during sleep.

Question 4

Research studies of the content of dreams indicate that

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that people often dream about everyday concerns and anxieties, and dreams of failure are more common than dreams of success.

Question 5

Night terrors typically occur

Accepted Answer

Night terrors typically occur within the first few hours of Stage 4 sleep, also known as slow-wave sleep. They are not associated with REM sleep, sleep apnea, or older adults specifically.

Question 6

Which of the following is bad advice for a person trying to overcome insomnia?

Accepted Answer

Drinking alcohol (wine) before bedtime can disrupt sleep patterns and lead to waking up frequently during the night. It is not a helpful method for overcoming insomnia. The other options (A, B, and D) are good advice for improving sleep hygiene and working towards better quality sleep.

Question 7

Nightmares are to ________ as night terrors are to ________.

Accepted Answer

Nightmares occur during REM sleep, while night terrors happen during Stage 4 sleep, which is part of the non-REM sleep cycle.

Question 8

REM sleep is

Accepted Answer

The answer of REM sleep is
...

Question 9

Compared with adults,children are

Accepted Answer

Children are more likely to experience night terrors than adults, and less likely to experience sleepwalking.

Question 10

Evidence suggests that we consolidate our memories of recent life events through

Accepted Answer

REM sleep is known to play a role in memory consolidation, particularly for memories related to recent life events. During REM sleep, the brain processes and consolidates memories from the day before, helping to strengthen them and make them more resistant to forgetting.

Question 11

Brain regions that buzz with activity as people learn to perform a visual-discrimination task are especially likely to buzz again later as they experience

Accepted Answer

The brain regions that are active during learning a visual-discrimination task are likely to be active again during REM sleep. During REM sleep, the brain consolidates newly learned information and strengthens memory traces, which is crucial for learning and memory consolidation.

Question 12

A recurring difficulty in falling or staying asleep is called

Accepted Answer

Insomnia is a common sleep disorder characterized by difficulty in falling asleep or staying asleep. It can be caused by a variety of factors such as stress, anxiety, medical conditions, or lifestyle choices. Narcolepsy is a rare disorder where a person falls asleep suddenly and uncontrollably during the day. Sleep apnea is a disorder where a person's breathing is interrupted during sleep, and paradoxical sleep is another term for REM (rapid eye movement) sleep.

Question 13

Which of the following disorders is characterized by the temporary cessations of breathing while asleep?

Accepted Answer

Sleep apnea is characterized by temporary cessations of breathing while asleep. Narcolepsy is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and sudden bouts of sleep. Night terrors are characterized by sudden arousal from sleep, intense fear, and physiological reactions. Insomnia is characterized by difficulty falling or staying asleep.

Question 14

Narcolepsy is a disorder involving

Accepted Answer

Narcolepsy is a disorder that causes sudden uncontrollable attacks of overwhelming sleepiness. This disorder is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep paralysis, hallucinations, and sometimes episodes of cataplexy (sudden loss of muscle tone).

Question 15

An air pump that keeps the sleeper's airway open and breathing regular is often prescribed for serious cases of

Accepted Answer

An air pump, also known as a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machine, is often prescribed for serious cases of sleep apnea. Sleep apnea is a sleep disorder characterized by interrupted breathing or shallow breaths during sleep, which can lead to a variety of health problems. A CPAP machine keeps the airway open and breathing regular, helping to reduce the symptoms of sleep apnea.

Question 16

As Inge recalled her dream,she was dancing with a tall,dark,and handsome gentleman when suddenly the music shifted to loud rock and the man disappeared. According to Freud,Inge's account represents the ________ content of her dream.

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's theory of dream analysis, the manifest content of a dream refers to the literal storyline and events of the dream as remembered by the dreamer. In this case, Inge's account of dancing with a man and the music shifting represent the manifest content of her dream.

Question 17

According to Freud,the latent content of a dream refers to

Accepted Answer

The latent content of a dream refers to its underlying but censored meaning, according to Freud's theory of dream interpretation. This is in contrast to the manifest content, which refers to the actual events, images, and experiences that are presented in the dream. Freud believed that the latent content could reveal unconscious desires and conflicts that were being expressed symbolically in the dream.

Question 18

During a heated argument with his teenage daughter,Mr. Reid suddenly lapsed into a state of REM sleep. Mr. Reid apparently suffers from

Accepted Answer

Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder that involves sudden lapses into REM sleep, often triggered by strong emotions or stress. The fact that Mr. Reid suddenly lapsed into REM sleep during a heated argument with his daughter suggests that he may suffer from narcolepsy. Insomnia involves difficulty falling or staying asleep, sleep apnea involves interrupted breathing during sleep, and REM rebound refers to an increase in REM sleep after a period of sleep deprivation.

Question 19

Which of the following is the best advice for a person concerned about occasional insomnia?

Accepted Answer

Relaxing and drinking a glass of milk before bedtime can help with falling asleep as milk contains tryptophan, which helps with relaxation and sleep. Eating a big dinner late in the evening or drinking alcohol before bedtime can actually impair sleep, and vigorous exercise before bedtime can stimulate the body and make it harder to fall asleep.

Question 20

Greg remembered a recent dream in which his girlfriend suddenly grabbed the wheel of his speeding car. Greg's therapist suggested that the dream might be a representation of the girlfriend's efforts to avoid sexual intimacy. According to Freud,the therapist was attempting to reveal the ________ of Greg's dream.

Accepted Answer

The therapist is attempting to reveal the underlying symbolic meaning or latent content of Greg's dream, in which the girlfriend grabbing the wheel of the speeding car may represent her attempts to control or avoid sexual intimacy. This interpretation is in line with Freudian dream analysis, which posits that dreams often contain symbolic representations of unconscious desires and conflicts.

Quiz 1: Doing Social Psychology