At Solar Concepts, Inc., employees are promised long-term employment and are involved in decision-making. The employees follow a somewhat specialized career path and have individual responsibility for results. Solar Concept's approach is an example of:

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Solar Concepts, Inc.'s approach of involving employees in decision-making, emphasizing long-term employment, and specialized career paths is consistent with Theory Z management which emphasizes a strong company culture, collective decision-making, and mutual responsibility between employees and management. Theory Y management also emphasizes employee involvement, but it does not place as much emphasis on long-term employment or specialized career paths. Theory X management assumes that employees are inherently lazy and require strict control and oversight. Theory R management does not exist as a recognized managerial theory.