Question 1

The World Health Organization recommends that people consume what percentage of total Calories from trans fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

The World Health Organization recommends that people consume less than 1% of their total daily calories from trans fatty acids to reduce the risk of heart disease.

Question 2

Which of the following antioxidants may slow the oxidation of low-density lipoproteins?

Accepted Answer

Selenium and vitamin C are antioxidants that have been shown to slow the oxidation of low-density lipoproteins. Magnesium and vitamin E may also have some antioxidant effects, but they have not been as extensively studied in this context. Vitamin A, on the other hand, is not typically considered an antioxidant and may even have pro-oxidant effects in certain situations.

Question 3

To help achieve the right balance between omega-3 and omega-6 intakes, how many meals per week should include fatty fish?

Accepted Answer

Including fatty fish in 2-3 meals per week can help achieve the right balance between omega-3 and omega-6 intakes.

Question 4

Which of the following statements accurately explains the relationship between dietary cholesterol and blood cholesterol?

Accepted Answer

The body regulates its cholesterol synthesis based on dietary intake, reducing production when dietary cholesterol is high.

Question 5

A 26-year-old man works in a high stress sales position, has a family history of premature heart disease, and is physically inactive. How many risk factors for cardiovascular disease CVD) does he have?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A 26-year-old man works in a high...

Question 6

Which of the following lipid profile values is considered desirable?

Accepted Answer

A high level of HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol is desirable as it is often referred to as "good" cholesterol. HDL helps remove LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol (often referred to as "bad" cholesterol) from the bloodstream, reducing the risk of heart disease. High total cholesterol, high LDL, and high blood triglycerides are all considered undesirable and increase the risk of heart disease.

Question 7

The Dietary Reference Intakes DRI) recommends that the percentage of total Calories from fat per day in the diet should be within what range?

Accepted Answer

The recommended range for percentage of total Calories from fat per day in the diet is 20-35% according to the DRI.

Question 8

The Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada recommends that the amount of fat women consume per day should be within what range?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada...

Question 9

When the diet is deficient in all of the polyunsaturated fatty acids, what medical concern may develop?

Accepted Answer

Polyunsaturated fatty acids are important for reproductive health, so a deficiency in all of them may lead to reproductive failure.

Question 10

What is the name for the lipoprotein that is responsible for picking up cholesterol from the tissues and transporting it back to the liver for dismantling and disposal?

Accepted Answer

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is responsible for picking up excess cholesterol from the tissues and transporting it back to the liver, where it can be broken down and eliminated from the body. This is why HDL is often referred to as the "good" cholesterol, as it helps to prevent the build-up of cholesterol in the arteries that can lead to heart disease. Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are both involved in transporting cholesterol, but they are considered "bad" because they can contribute to the formation of plaques in the arteries. Phospholipids are a type of lipid that are important for maintaining the structure and function of cell membranes.

Question 11

Which term is used to describe a diet high in saturated and trans fats, and low in vegetables, fruit, and whole grains?

Accepted Answer

An atherogenic diet is characterized by high intake of saturated and trans fats, as well as low consumption of vegetables, fruit, and whole grains. This type of diet has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The Mediterranean diet and DASH diet, on the other hand, are characterized by high intake of vegetables, fruit, and whole grains, and are considered to be heart-healthy diets. The term "hyperglycemic diet" refers to a diet high in sugar and refined carbohydrates, which can contribute to elevated blood glucose levels.

Question 12

How many meals of fatty fish each week may help reduce death and illness from heart disease?

Accepted Answer

Consuming 2 meals of fatty fish per week is recommended to help reduce the risk of heart disease due to the beneficial omega-3 fatty acids found in fish.

Question 13

Which of the following factors increases a person's risk for heart disease?

Accepted Answer

Having a family history of heart disease is a known risk factor for developing heart disease, as genetic predispositions can increase susceptibility.

Question 14

Which of the following fatty acids is derived from linoleic acid?

Accepted Answer

Linoleic acid is an omega-6 fatty acid that can be converted into arachidonic acid. Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid are both omega-3 fatty acids, and hydrochloric acid is not a fatty acid.

Question 15

Which of the following recommendations is supported by the Dietary Reference Intake DRI) committee, concerning intake of fats?

Accepted Answer

The DRI committee recommends keeping saturated fat intake as low as possible to reduce the risk of heart disease.

Question 16

What is the name for the biologically active compounds that regulate body functions?

Accepted Answer

Eicosanoids are a diverse group of biologically active compounds that regulate body functions such as inflammation, blood clotting, and blood pressure. Actosanoids is not a recognized term, dietary antioxidants play a role in neutralizing free radicals, and chylomicrons are particles that transport lipids from the intestines to other parts of the body.

Question 17

Which of the following foods is the best dietary source of eicosapentaenoic acid EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid DHA)?

Accepted Answer

Fish is the best dietary source of EPA and DHA. These omega-3 fatty acids are concentrated in fatty fish such as salmon, sardines, and mackerel. While other foods may contain some omega-3s, they do not provide as much EPA and DHA as fish.

Question 18

Which of the following statements is a characteristic of the essential fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Essential fatty acids cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained through the diet.

Question 19

Which of the following foods is a source of omega-3 fats?

Accepted Answer

Walnut oil is a source of omega-3 fats, specifically alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), which is a type of omega-3 fatty acid.

Question 20

According to the World Health Organization, total Calories from saturated fat should be in what range?

Accepted Answer

The World Health Organization recommends that total Calories from saturated fat should be in the range of 0-10% to reduce the risk of heart disease and other health problems associated with high saturated fat intake. Choosing options with lower amounts of saturated fat, such as lean proteins, fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, can help achieve this goal.

Quiz 5: The Lipids: Fats, Oils, Phospholipids, and Sterols