Question 1

For a vegan, which of the following would NOT be an example of protein complementarity to get a proper mixture of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Protein complementarity involves combining plant-based foods that, when eaten together, provide all the essential amino acids necessary for a complete protein. Options A, B, C, and E all involve combinations of grains and legumes, which together provide a complete protein profile. However, option D (pasta with tomato sauce and Italian bread) does not include a legume, making it the incorrect choice for achieving protein complementarity.

Question 2

Escherichia and Salmonella are associated with

Accepted Answer

Escherichia (commonly E. coli) and Salmonella are bacteria that can contaminate food and cause food poisoning, leading to symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, and fever.

Question 3

Which of the following is classified as a starch exchange rather than a vegetable exchange?

Accepted Answer

Potatoes are high in carbohydrates and are classified as a starch exchange, unlike the other options which are classified as vegetable exchanges.

Question 4

A vegetarian-type diet, particularly a vegan diet, may be more healthful than the current typical American diet for all of the following reasons except which? (Choose the false statement)

Accepted Answer

Iron found in plant-based sources (non-heme iron) is less easily absorbed by the body compared to the heme iron found in animal products.

Question 5

The recommended dietary goals for healthy Americans suggest that the intake of saturated fat, as a percentage of daily Calories, be less than what percent?

Accepted Answer

The recommended dietary goals suggest that the intake of saturated fat should be less than 10% of daily Calories to maintain a healthy diet.

Question 6

The DV for calcium on food labels, which is lower than the RDA for teenagers and older adults, is:

Accepted Answer

The DV (Daily Value) for calcium on food labels is set at 1,000 mg, which is a general guideline for nutritional labeling and may not meet the higher RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowance) values for specific groups such as teenagers and older adults who may have higher calcium needs.

Question 7

Which of the following cannot be used as a source of energy in the form of Calories in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C cannot be used as a source of energy in the form of Calories in the human body. It is an essential nutrient involved in the repair of tissue and the enzymatic production of certain neurotransmitters, but it does not provide energy like carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and alcohol do.

Question 8

The GRAS list contains:

Accepted Answer

The GRAS list, which stands for "Generally Recognized As Safe," includes food additives believed to be safe based on expert consensus or a long history of common use in food.

Question 9

Which of the key nutrients does not need to be listed (not mandatory) on a food label?

Accepted Answer

Thiamin is not required to be listed on a food label unless the food has been fortified with it or a claim is made about it. Other nutrients like protein, calcium, vitamin C, and iron are typically required to be listed on the Nutrition Facts label.

Question 10

A typical Supersize fast-food meal of a triple burger, French fries and a cola-type drink is usually high in:

Accepted Answer

A typical Supersize fast-food meal, such as a triple burger with French fries and a cola-type drink, is generally high in fat, sodium, and sugar due to the cooking methods and ingredients used in fast food.

Question 11

Although the nutrients found in food perform a wide variety of functions, which of the following is of primary importance since the other functions are subordinated to it in times of need?

Accepted Answer

The primary importance of the nutrients found in food is to provide energy. This is because, in times of need, the body prioritizes energy provision over other functions such as growth, development, and metabolic regulation to ensure survival.

Question 12

Foods rich in potassium and low in sodium may carry health claims because such foods may help prevent the development of

Accepted Answer

Foods that are rich in potassium and low in sodium can help manage blood pressure levels, thereby reducing the risk of hypertension or high blood pressure. This is because potassium helps to lessen the effects of sodium in the body, improving heart health.

Question 13

The DV for vitamin C is lower than the current RDA; the current DV on food labels is

Accepted Answer

The current Daily Value (DV) for vitamin C on food labels is 60 mg, which is lower than the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for adults (which is 90 mg for men and 75 mg for women).

Question 14

The main ingredient (by weight) in a product whose label contains an ingredient list which reads, in order, "Whole wheat, dextrose, hydrogenated vegetable oil, and salt" is:

Accepted Answer

The main ingredient in a product is listed first on the ingredient list, so in this case, it is whole wheat.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a common food that may cause a susceptible individual to experience a food allergy or food intolerance reaction?

Accepted Answer

Citrus fruits like oranges are less commonly associated with food allergies or intolerances when compared to eggs, milk, nuts, and seafood, which are well-known allergens.

Question 16

Food rich in folic acid, or folate, may carry health claims because such foods may help prevent the development of

Accepted Answer

Folic acid, or folate, is crucial for preventing neural tube defects in developing fetuses. These defects can lead to conditions such as spina bifida and anencephaly, which are serious birth defects of the brain and spine. Pregnant women are often advised to take folic acid supplements to reduce the risk of these defects.

Question 17

For a product to be labeled "low" in cholesterol, it must have no more than ?

Accepted Answer

For a product to be labeled "low" in cholesterol, it must have no more than 20 milligrams of cholesterol per serving.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT considered to be a safe practice to help prevent food poisoning?

Accepted Answer

Buying fruits and vegetables coated with wax and not washing them to remove the wax is not considered a safe practice. It's important to wash fruits and vegetables to remove contaminants and pesticides, even if they are coated with wax.

Question 19

Which of the following terms is most appropriate to describe an adverse reaction of the immune system when food that contains specific types of proteins is consumed?

Accepted Answer

Food allergy is the correct term because it specifically refers to an adverse immune system reaction to proteins found in certain foods.

Question 20

A food may claim to be a HIGH SOURCE of a nutrient if it provides at least percent of Daily Reference Value of that nutrient in a single serving.

Accepted Answer

A food can claim to be a "high source" of a nutrient if it provides at least 20 percent of the Daily Reference Value of that nutrient in a single serving.

Quiz 2: Healthful Nutrition for Fitness and Sport: the Consumer Athlete