Question 1

A female client reports the presence of tenderness and cystic distention that are most prominent during the progesterone-dominant phase of the menstrual cycle. Needle aspiration reveals the diagnosis of fibrocystic breast disease. Which client teaching by the nurse is accurate?

Accepted Answer

Fibrocystic breast disease symptoms can be exacerbated by foods high in methylxanthines (such as caffeine, chocolate, and some nuts), so being aware of and possibly reducing intake of these foods can help manage symptoms.

Question 2

A client diagnosed with dysmenorrhea is prescribed ibuprofen and hormonal contraceptives. Which outcome in the client indicates the effectiveness of the therapy?

Accepted Answer

The effectiveness of ibuprofen and hormonal contraceptives in treating dysmenorrhea is indicated by the absence of pain during menstruation. Ibuprofen reduces pain by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis, and hormonal contraceptives can regulate or lessen menstrual flow and associated pain.

Question 3

The nurse reviews a client's medical record and learns the endometrial lining is absent in a client who underwent a dilation and curettage (D&C) abortion. Which syndrome does the nurse recognize in the client?

Accepted Answer

Asherman's syndrome is characterized by the formation of scar tissue (adhesions) in the uterus or the cervix. This condition often occurs after a D&C procedure, which can lead to the removal or damage of the endometrial lining, leading to the absence of the lining as described in the scenario.

Question 4

A client with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is prescribed selective serotonin receptor inhibitors (SSRIs) and nutritional supplements. Which symptom in the client indicates the effectiveness of the therapy?

Accepted Answer

SSRIs are effective in treating the emotional and mood-related symptoms of PMS, such as irritability and mood swings. Nutritional supplements may also support overall well-being, contributing to the improvement of these symptoms.

Question 5

While assessing a female client for anomalies of the genital tract, the health-care professional observes that the uterus is absent and the vagina is foreshortened. However, the client's breast is normal in shape and contour. Which menstrual disorder would the nurse suspect in the client?

Accepted Answer

Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is characterized by the congenital absence of the uterus and the upper part (2/3) of the vagina in females who have normal development of secondary sexual characteristics (such as breasts) and normal external genitalia. The presence of normal breasts indicates normal ovarian function and estrogen production, which is consistent with MRKH syndrome. Dysmenorrhea, premenstrual syndrome, and menorrhea (a term not typically used to describe a specific menstrual disorder) do not match the described anatomical anomalies.

Question 6

A female client reports missed menstrual periods after discontinuing hormonal contraceptives. Which reason does the nurse recognize as the cause for the missed menstrual periods?

Accepted Answer

Hormonal contraceptives work by regulating the hormones that control the menstrual cycle. When these contraceptives are discontinued, it can take some time for the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis to resume its normal function and for regular menstrual cycles to return. This temporary dysfunction is the most common reason for missed periods after stopping hormonal contraceptives.

Question 7

A female client is admitted to the emergency department with severe lower abdominal pain. Physical assessment reveals adnexal tenderness, and an ectopic pregnancy is suspected. Which test is performed to specifically determine if a tubal rupture has occurred?

Accepted Answer

Culdocentesis is performed to determine if a tubal rupture has occurred by detecting the presence of blood in the peritoneal cavity, which is indicative of a rupture in the case of an ectopic pregnancy.

Question 8

While assessing a female client at 7 years of age, the health-care provider finds the client has enlargement of the breasts, erection of the nipples, and pubic hair. Which hormonal levels are found to be high in the client?

Accepted Answer

Estrogen is responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics in females, such as breast enlargement and pubic hair growth.

Question 9

While assessing a young female client for reproductive disorders, the nurse understands the client has amenorrhea. Which specific question does the nurse ask the client?

Accepted Answer

Amenorrhea can be related to thyroid disorders, as thyroid hormones play a significant role in regulating the menstrual cycle.

Question 10

For which reason is a health-care provider most likely to recommend genetic testing for a female client?

Accepted Answer

Genetic testing can help identify inherited genetic mutations that increase the risk of certain cancers, such as breast cancer. If a first-degree relative (such as a mother, sister, or daughter) has been diagnosed with breast cancer, it may indicate a higher risk due to genetic factors, making genetic testing a recommended option for assessing the individual's risk.

Question 11

The nurse is teaching adolescent girls about the menstrual cycle. Which comment by an attendee expresses understanding about ovulation?

Accepted Answer

Ovulation is triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary gland in the brain, which stimulates the release of an egg from the ovary.

Question 12

A client visits the gynecologist because of pelvic pain and the inability to conceive after trying for 1 year. After reading the results of a pelvic ultrasound, the gynecologist suspects endometriosis. Which prescribed treatment will both confirm and treat the client's condition?

Accepted Answer

Laparoscopy is both a diagnostic tool and a treatment method for endometriosis. It allows the physician to directly visualize the pelvic organs, confirm the presence of endometrial implants, and remove or destroy endometrial tissue outside the uterus, thereby treating the condition.

Question 13

A female client tells a nurse, "I have excessive bleeding that lasts for more than 7 days every time I menstruate." Which menstrual disorder does the nurse suspect in the client?

Accepted Answer

Menorrhagia is characterized by heavy menstrual bleeding that lasts for more than 7 days, fitting the client's description.

Question 14

A female client is diagnosed with infertility due to the production of antibodies against the ovarian tissue. Which treatment does the nurse expect for the client?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is A: Estrogen replacement therapy. Estrogen replacement therapy is used to treat infertility caused by the production of antibodies against the ovarian tissue.

Question 15

The registered nurse is teaching a client with dysmenorrhea about her treatment plan. Which statement made by the client indicates the need for additional teaching?

Accepted Answer

The use of oral contraceptives is often recommended as a treatment for dysmenorrhea because they can help regulate or lighten menstrual periods, thereby reducing the severity of cramps. The client's statement about avoiding oral contraceptives indicates a misunderstanding and the need for additional teaching.

Question 16

A client is attending an appointment with a new gynecologist. Medical history reveals surgery for uterine fibroids and a family history of ovarian cancer. Which specific test is prescribed for the client?

Accepted Answer

Carcinoembryonic antigen 125 (CA-125) is a marker that can be elevated in ovarian cancer, making it a relevant test given the client's family history of ovarian cancer.

Question 17

A client who is scheduled for a hysteroscopy asks the nurse about the procedure. Which statement made by the nurse promotes client understanding?

Accepted Answer

A hysteroscopy involves inserting a thin, telescopic-type device through the vagina into the uterus to examine the uterine cavity, without the need for abdominal incisions or the use of radiopaque dye.

Question 18

A nurse is caring for a female client at 19 years of age who never had a menstrual cycle. Physical assessment reveals a webbed neck; short stature; and a broad, shieldlike chest. Which is the most probable cause of the client's condition?

Accepted Answer

Turner syndrome is characterized by a set of symptoms, including short stature, webbed neck, and a broad chest, which matches the description of the client. It is a genetic condition affecting females, where one of the X chromosomes is missing or partially missing, leading to the symptoms described. The other options do not match the symptoms presented by the client.

Question 19

A female client at 14 years of age is identified with constitutional growth delay. The client tells a nurse, "I am not getting any taller! I am the same height I was last year!" In which manner does the nurse respond?

Accepted Answer

Constitutional growth delay is a pattern where children grow at a normal rate but are smaller than their peers, often experiencing a later than average growth spurt. They typically reach full height by adulthood, making option C the correct response.

Question 20

The nurse is reviewing the causes and manifestations of perimenopause with a group of staff nurses. Which comment by an attending staff nurse indicates understanding of the difference between perimenopause and menopause?

Accepted Answer

Perimenopause is the transition phase before menopause, characterized by hormonal fluctuations, including rising levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) due to decreased ovarian function. This contrasts with menopause, which is marked by the cessation of menstruation and a significant drop in estrogen levels, leading to permanent infertility.

Quiz 26: Disorders of the Female Reproductive System