Question 1

A client presents with chest pain not relieved by nitroglycerin medication. A review of the client's medical record shows a history of type 2 diabetes. The client's blood pressure is 150/90 mm Hg. Which condition is the client developing?

Accepted Answer

Chest pain not relieved by nitroglycerin, especially in a patient with risk factors such as type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure, strongly suggests a myocardial infarction (heart attack).

Question 2

The nurse is reviewing the results of a diagnostic test of a client who is being moved out of the intensive care unit. A cardiac troponin T level assay was performed while the client was in the intensive care unit, which indicated high levels of troponin. With which condition is the client diagnosed?

Accepted Answer

High levels of cardiac troponin T are indicative of myocardial injury, which is most commonly associated with acute myocardial infarction (heart attack).

Question 3

The nurse is presenting teaching to a client with stable angina. Which information is vital for the nurse to teach and validate?

Accepted Answer

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Question 4

A client presents reporting dyspnea and excessive diaphoresis. The nurse notices pallor. The client's electrocardiogram shows an irregular rhythm. Which additional finding indicates the client has developed a myocardial infarction?

Accepted Answer

Persistent pain after three doses of nitroglycerin is indicative of a myocardial infarction (MI). Nitroglycerin helps relieve angina, but pain from an MI often does not respond to nitroglycerin.

Question 5

Which heart condition is most likely to increase the demand for myocardial oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries can lead to reduced blood flow to the heart muscle, increasing the heart's demand for oxygen as it works harder to pump blood through narrowed or blocked arteries.

Question 6

Which condition is characterized by the deposition of immune complexes, causing inflammation and fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac?

Accepted Answer

Dressler's syndrome is characterized by inflammation of the pericardium (the fibrous sac surrounding the heart) due to the deposition of immune complexes after a heart injury, surgery, or myocardial infarction. This immune-mediated response leads to inflammation and fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac.

Question 7

A client is displaying premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) in a couplet pattern. Which is the priority assessment by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

Changes in electrocardiogram (ECG) pattern are the priority assessment by the nurse because they indicate the presence of PVCs.

Question 8

An older adult client presents with complaints of crushing pain on the left side of the chest. After the client is examined, it is found that the client has unstable angina. Which intervention to reduce the pain is appropriate for the client?

Accepted Answer

Administering nitroglycerin is appropriate for reducing pain in a client with unstable angina because it helps to dilate the blood vessels, increasing blood flow to the heart muscle and reducing the heart's workload.

Question 9

The nurse in the cardiac unit is caring for a client diagnosed with ischemic heart disease related to two coronary vessel blockages. The client has a history of high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and diabetes mellitus. Which pre-procedure testing does the nurse expect?

Accepted Answer

Coronary artery calcium computerized tomography (CT) scan is a non-invasive imaging test that can detect the presence and extent of calcium buildup in the coronary arteries. This information can help to assess the risk of developing a heart attack.

Question 10

The nurse is reviewing a client's cardiac rhythm in an electrocardiogram and notes that the reading shows the P wave and PR interval are absent. Which condition does the nurse interpret from this result?

Accepted Answer

Atrial fibrillation is characterized by the absence of P waves and an irregularly irregular rhythm on the electrocardiogram, indicating disorganized electrical activity in the atria.

Question 11

A client with a history of atherosclerosis periodically experiences angina pectoris. While shopping, the client suddenly experiences a level of pain that is more severe than with the usual angina events. Which pathophysiological change is most likely occurring?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client with a history of atherosclerosis...

Question 12

A client whose neck vein has bulged presents with a sharp pain in the chest. The electrocardiogram shows an elevated ST segment, and the laboratory report shows an increase in the serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. Which condition has the client developed?

Accepted Answer

The elevated ST segment on the electrocardiogram and sharp chest pain are indicative of pericarditis. The bulging neck vein can also be associated with pericarditis due to increased pressure in the heart area. Myocarditis, infective endocarditis, and septic carditis would not typically present with these specific symptoms, especially the elevated ST segment which is characteristic of pericarditis.

Question 13

A client visits the hospital with chest pain, and the vital signs are 101.5°F body temperature and 125/85 mm Hg blood pressure. The echocardiogram of the client shows valve perforation, and a new regurgitant murmur is heard during chest auscultation. Which condition has the client developed?

Accepted Answer

The client has developed infective endocarditis, indicated by the presence of fever (101.5°F), valve perforation seen on the echocardiogram, and a new regurgitant murmur heard during chest auscultation. These are classic signs of infective endocarditis, which is an infection of the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves.

Question 14

A nurse is caring for a client with infective endocarditis. Which is the specific nursing intervention for this client?

Accepted Answer

Administering ampicillin is a specific nursing intervention for a client with infective endocarditis because it is an antibiotic that helps in treating the bacterial infection causing the condition.

Question 15

A client presents with chest pain. The pain has not reduced after administering three nitroglycerine tablets within 10 minutes. Which diagnostic test does the primary health-care provider prescribe to confirm the client has developed a myocardial infarction (MI)?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac troponin test is a blood test that measures the levels of cardiac troponin, a protein that is released into the bloodstream when the heart muscle is damaged. A high level of cardiac troponin in the blood is a sign of a myocardial infarction (MI).

Question 16

A client is experiencing severe chest pain unrelieved by nitroglycerine. Which diagnostic testing supports the possibility of a myocardial infarction instead of unstable angina?

Accepted Answer

Blood tests indicating the elevation of specific enzymes such as troponin are key indicators of myocardial infarction. These enzymes are released into the bloodstream when heart muscle is damaged.

Question 17

The nurse is providing care for a client admitted for coronary disease. The client is currently being treated for manifestations of increased angina pectoris. Testing indicates that previously blocked coronary arteries at 20% are now more than 30% blocked. Which intervention does the nurse anticipate for this client?

Accepted Answer

Percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) are a minimally invasive procedure used to open blocked coronary arteries. They are typically used to treat angina pectoris, which is chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart. PCI involves inserting a catheter into the blocked artery and inflating a balloon to widen the artery. This helps to improve blood flow to the heart and relieve angina symptoms.

Question 18

A client is experiencing chest pain. On examination, a scratchy sound is heard through the stethoscope. Which intervention does the nurse initiate?

Accepted Answer

Glucocorticoids are used to reduce inflammation and swelling in the airways, which can help to relieve chest pain caused by respiratory conditions.

Question 19

A client reports myalgia and fever. On physical examination, an S₃ gallop rhythm was heard through the stethoscope, and the client is diagnosed with myocarditis. For which reason is the client prescribed angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors?

Accepted Answer

ACE inhibitors are prescribed to treat heart failure, which can be a complication of myocarditis due to the heart's reduced ability to pump blood effectively.

Question 20

The nurse is providing care for a client in the emergency department being treated for an acute myocardial infarction. The health-care provider prescribes treatment with morphine sulfate IV push. Which is the best reason for this prescribed medication?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is providing care for a...

Quiz 16: Ischemic Heart Disease and Conduction Disorders

A client presents with chest pain not relieved by nitroglycerin medication. A review of the client's medical record shows a history of type 2 diabetes. The client's blood pressure is 150/90 mm Hg. Which condition is the client developing?

The nurse is presenting teaching to a client with stable angina. Which information is vital for the nurse to teach and validate?

A client presents reporting dyspnea and excessive diaphoresis. The nurse notices pallor. The client's electrocardiogram shows an irregular rhythm. Which additional finding indicates the client has developed a myocardial infarction?

Which heart condition is most likely to increase the demand for myocardial oxygen?

Which condition is characterized by the deposition of immune complexes, causing inflammation and fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac?

A client is displaying premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) in a couplet pattern. Which is the priority assessment by the nurse?

An older adult client presents with complaints of crushing pain on the left side of the chest. After the client is examined, it is found that the client has unstable angina. Which intervention to reduce the pain is appropriate for the client?

The nurse in the cardiac unit is caring for a client diagnosed with ischemic heart disease related to two coronary vessel blockages. The client has a history of high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and diabetes mellitus. Which pre-procedure testing does the nurse expect?

The nurse is reviewing a client's cardiac rhythm in an electrocardiogram and notes that the reading shows the P wave and PR interval are absent. Which condition does the nurse interpret from this result?

A client with a history of atherosclerosis periodically experiences angina pectoris. While shopping, the client suddenly experiences a level of pain that is more severe than with the usual angina events. Which pathophysiological change is most likely occurring?

A client whose neck vein has bulged presents with a sharp pain in the chest. The electrocardiogram shows an elevated ST segment, and the laboratory report shows an increase in the serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. Which condition has the client developed?

A client visits the hospital with chest pain, and the vital signs are 101.5°F body temperature and 125/85 mm Hg blood pressure. The echocardiogram of the client shows valve perforation, and a new regurgitant murmur is heard during chest auscultation. Which condition has the client developed?

A nurse is caring for a client with infective endocarditis. Which is the specific nursing intervention for this client?

A client presents with chest pain. The pain has not reduced after administering three nitroglycerine tablets within 10 minutes. Which diagnostic test does the primary health-care provider prescribe to confirm the client has developed a myocardial infarction (MI) ?

A client is experiencing severe chest pain unrelieved by nitroglycerine. Which diagnostic testing supports the possibility of a myocardial infarction instead of unstable angina?

A client is experiencing chest pain. On examination, a scratchy sound is heard through the stethoscope. Which intervention does the nurse initiate?

A client reports myalgia and fever. On physical examination, an S₃ gallop rhythm was heard through the stethoscope, and the client is diagnosed with myocarditis. For which reason is the client prescribed angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors?

The nurse is providing care for a client in the emergency department being treated for an acute myocardial infarction. The health-care provider prescribes treatment with morphine sulfate IV push. Which is the best reason for this prescribed medication?

Quiz 16: Ischemic Heart Disease and Conduction Disorders

A client presents with chest pain not relieved by nitroglycerin medication. A review of the client's medical record shows a history of type 2 diabetes. The client's blood pressure is 150/90 mm Hg. Which condition is the client developing?

The nurse is presenting teaching to a client with stable angina. Which information is vital for the nurse to teach and validate?

A client presents reporting dyspnea and excessive diaphoresis. The nurse notices pallor. The client's electrocardiogram shows an irregular rhythm. Which additional finding indicates the client has developed a myocardial infarction?

Which heart condition is most likely to increase the demand for myocardial oxygen?

Which condition is characterized by the deposition of immune complexes, causing inflammation and fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac?

A client is displaying premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) in a couplet pattern. Which is the priority assessment by the nurse?

An older adult client presents with complaints of crushing pain on the left side of the chest. After the client is examined, it is found that the client has unstable angina. Which intervention to reduce the pain is appropriate for the client?

The nurse in the cardiac unit is caring for a client diagnosed with ischemic heart disease related to two coronary vessel blockages. The client has a history of high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and diabetes mellitus. Which pre-procedure testing does the nurse expect?

The nurse is reviewing a client's cardiac rhythm in an electrocardiogram and notes that the reading shows the P wave and PR interval are absent. Which condition does the nurse interpret from this result?

A client with a history of atherosclerosis periodically experiences angina pectoris. While shopping, the client suddenly experiences a level of pain that is more severe than with the usual angina events. Which pathophysiological change is most likely occurring?

A client whose neck vein has bulged presents with a sharp pain in the chest. The electrocardiogram shows an elevated ST segment, and the laboratory report shows an increase in the serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. Which condition has the client developed?

A client visits the hospital with chest pain, and the vital signs are 101.5°F body temperature and 125/85 mm Hg blood pressure. The echocardiogram of the client shows valve perforation, and a new regurgitant murmur is heard during chest auscultation. Which condition has the client developed?

A nurse is caring for a client with infective endocarditis. Which is the specific nursing intervention for this client?

A client presents with chest pain. The pain has not reduced after administering three nitroglycerine tablets within 10 minutes. Which diagnostic test does the primary health-care provider prescribe to confirm the client has developed a myocardial infarction (MI) ?

A client is experiencing severe chest pain unrelieved by nitroglycerine. Which diagnostic testing supports the possibility of a myocardial infarction instead of unstable angina?

A client is experiencing chest pain. On examination, a scratchy sound is heard through the stethoscope. Which intervention does the nurse initiate?

A client reports myalgia and fever. On physical examination, an S3 gallop rhythm was heard through the stethoscope, and the client is diagnosed with myocarditis. For which reason is the client prescribed angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors?

The nurse is providing care for a client in the emergency department being treated for an acute myocardial infarction. The health-care provider prescribes treatment with morphine sulfate IV push. Which is the best reason for this prescribed medication?

A client reports myalgia and fever. On physical examination, an S₃ gallop rhythm was heard through the stethoscope, and the client is diagnosed with myocarditis. For which reason is the client prescribed angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors?