Question 1

If we set aside individual differences, most people perform best on most daily tasks when their arousal level is

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that most people perform best on daily tasks when their arousal level is moderate, as it allows for optimal focus and attention without becoming overwhelmed or under-stimulated. High levels of arousal can lead to anxiety and distractibility, while low levels can result in boredom and lack of motivation. It's important to note that individual differences do play a role, and some people may perform better with higher or lower levels of arousal depending on their personality and preferences.

Question 2

Vicki is a college freshman, who most people would characterize as orderly, kind, and giving.She enjoys going out to eat with her friends, although she does not enjoy the spicy foods that they keep wanting her to try.Vicki would most likely be described as

Accepted Answer

Vicki's dislike for spicy foods suggests she is low in sensation seeking, as she avoids intense sensory experiences.

Question 3

Darrius is a college student, who enjoys going to wild, "uninhibited" parties and getting high on marijuana.He also enjoys riding his motorcycle fast and wants to be an EMT after college.Darrius would most likely be described as

Accepted Answer

Darrius's love for wild parties and engaging in risky activities suggests that he has a higher need for sensation and excitement. This makes him high in sensation seeking.

Question 4

Persons high in sensation seeking tend to

Accepted Answer

Persons high in sensation seeking tend to be independent, which aligns with valuing change as they seek new experiences and sensations. They may not necessarily be orderly or enjoy the company of others, nor inherently nurturant and giving. Therefore, choice A is the best option.

Question 5

Debbie would be described as a person who is bold, independent, and is comfortable with change.She loves traveling to new and exotic places as well as participating in exciting activities, such as snow boarding and scuba diving.Debbie would be described as

Accepted Answer

Debbie's love for traveling to new and exotic places and participating in exciting activities such as snowboarding and scuba diving suggests that she is high in sensation seeking. This trait is characterized by a preference for novel, intense and complex sensations and experiences.

Question 6

Which of the following tend to be bold and independent, to value change, to be more likely to smoke and to have more sexual partners, and to prefer spicy, sour, and crunchy foods?

Accepted Answer

High sensation seekers are known for being bold and independent, valuing change, having a higher likelihood of smoking and more sexual partners, and prefer spicy, sour, and crunchy foods.

Question 7

Persons high in sensation seeking tend to be more likely to

Accepted Answer

Persons high in sensation seeking tend to seek out exciting and stimulating experiences, which can include engaging in risky behaviors like smoking, substance abuse, and casual unprotected sex. Therefore, the best choice is D, which includes all of these options.

Question 8

Jan and her husband Dean are going on a vacation to the beach.Jan wants to lie on the beach and read a good book, while Dean wants to scuba dive and surf.Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Jan's desire to simply read a book on the beach suggests that she is a low sensation seeker, while Dean's desire to engage in more adventurous activities like scuba diving and surfing indicates that he is a high sensation seeker. There is no evidence to suggest that either of them is fixated or self-actualized.

Question 9

According to the Yerkes-Dodson law, optimum performance on tasks which are simple and direct occurs at levels of arousal that are

Accepted Answer

The Yerkes-Dodson law suggests that for simple or well-learned tasks, higher levels of arousal lead to better performance.

Question 10

Persons low in sensation seeking tend to

Accepted Answer

Persons low in sensation seeking tend to prefer low-stimulating activities, such as staying home rather than going out seeking excitement. This suggests that they may enjoy the company of others more than seeking out novel experiences on their own. The other options (B, C, and D) are more likely to be associated with high sensation seeking individuals.

Question 11

Which of the following explains that at very low levels of arousal we are not sufficiently energized to perform well with performance improving as our arousal level increases but decreasing as we become too aroused, emotional, frenzied, or disorganized?

Accepted Answer

The inverted-U function, also known as the Yerkes-Dodson law, explains that performance improves as arousal level increases up to a certain point, after which it begins to decrease due to overstimulation. This relationship is often depicted as an inverted-U shape on a graph.

Question 12

Which of the following theories suggests that performance on tasks is best when the arousal is appropriate to the difficulty of the task?

Accepted Answer

The Yerkes-Dodson Law suggests that performance on tasks is best when the arousal is appropriate to the difficulty of the task. This means that for simple tasks, higher levels of arousal lead to better performance, while for more complex tasks, moderate levels of arousal are optimal. The James-Lange theory proposes that emotions follow physiological arousal, Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a theory of motivation, and Schachter's two-factor theory suggests that emotions are the result of both physiological arousal and cognitive appraisal.

Question 13

Twla is a young adult but has always seemed "older and more settled." Although she has always had a lot of friends, they know that she is not the type to experiment with drugs or "get drunk" and do something foolish.Twla would most likely be described as

Accepted Answer

Twla's behavior suggests that she is low in sensation seeking, meaning that she is not likely to seek out new or exciting experiences. This is consistent with her reputation for being settled and not engaging in risky behavior. The other options do not accurately describe Twla's personality or behavior.

Question 14

Regarding sensation seeking, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

High sensation seekers are not necessarily more orderly, nurturant or giving, nor do they necessarily prefer the company of others. They seek excitement and stimulation, which can lead to risk-taking behaviors. Therefore, statement C is false.

Question 15

In general, effective performance for most people is shown by a(n)

Accepted Answer

The inverted U-shaped curve is the most widely accepted model for the relationship between arousal and performance. It suggests that performance initially improves with arousal and reaches its peak at a moderate level of arousal, but then declines as arousal continues to increase beyond that point. Therefore, for most people, effective performance is achieved at a moderate level of arousal.

Question 16

Which of the following summarizes the relationships among arousal, task complexity, and performance?

Accepted Answer

The Yerkes-Dodson Law states that performance increases with arousal up to a certain point, but after that point, further increases in arousal lead to a decrease in performance. Task complexity is also taken into account, with simple tasks requiring lower levels of arousal for optimal performance compared to complex tasks. Therefore, the relationship among arousal, task complexity, and performance is best summarized by the Yerkes-Dodson Law.

Question 17

The inverted U function describes the relationship between

Accepted Answer

The inverted U function is often used to describe the relationship between arousal and performance. It suggests that performance improves with increasing arousal up to a certain point, after which further increases in arousal can actually impair performance. This explains why individuals may perform well at moderate levels of arousal or stimulation, but may struggle if they become either too bored or too over-stimulated.

Question 18

People who are orderly, nurturant, and giving, and tend to enjoy the company of others would be characterized as being

Accepted Answer

The answer of People who are orderly, nurturant, and giving,...

Question 19

Jeremiah is a college sophomore, who most people would characterize as bold and independent.He has dated many women without making a serious commitment.Jeremiah has been smoking since high school and prefers spicy, sour, and crunchy food.Jeremiah would most likely be described as

Accepted Answer

Jeremiah's preference for spicy, sour, and crunchy food and his history of dating without commitment suggest that he may be high in sensation seeking, which is characterized by a desire for new and intense experiences. This trait often includes a preference for sensory stimulation, such as spicy foods or smoking.

Question 20

On the day of the test, Eddie was very sleepy, while Petra was in a state of panic about the test.According to the arousal theory,

Accepted Answer

According to the arousal theory of motivation, performance is best at an individual's optimal level of arousal. Too little arousal (as in Eddie's sleepiness) can lead to poor performance due to lack of focus and energy. Too much arousal (as in Petra's panic) can lead to anxiety and impaired performance due to being overwhelmed. Therefore, both Eddie and Petra are likely to perform poorly on the test due to their respective levels of arousal being too low and too high.

Quiz 10: Motivation and Emotion.