Question 1

With which coping style do people try to attack a stressor in some way?

Accepted Answer

People who use problem-focused coping try to attack a stressor in some way by taking direct action to solve the problem causing the stress. This can include problem-solving, seeking information or resources, and making a plan of action.

Question 2

Jim, who was 60, couldn't understand why he kept slowly gaining weight. He wasn't eating any more than usual, and he maintained his regular exercise routine. What explains his weight gain?

Accepted Answer

Metabolism naturally slows down with age, particularly after age 60. This means that Jim's body now burns fewer calories at rest than it used to, so he may be eating the same number of calories but burning fewer of them, leading to weight gain.

Question 3

Implementation is quitting a habit according to plan. When is implementation most successful?

Accepted Answer

Tackling one habit at a time allows the individual to focus their efforts on a single achievable goal, increasing the likelihood of success. Trying to quit multiple habits at once can lead to feeling overwhelmed and increase the chances of failure.

Question 4

As Tom helped himself to a fourth beer, he announced to everyone at the barbecue that alcohol is healthy in moderation. How does the text define "moderation"?

Accepted Answer

The text does not explicitly define "moderation," but Tom's comment provides some context. He is on his fourth beer at a barbecue, which suggests he may not have a good grasp on what moderation means. However, his comment implies that he believes alcohol can be consumed in moderation and still be healthy. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, moderate alcohol consumption for men is up to two drinks per day. Therefore, choice B, which is two drinks per day, is the best option.

Question 5

Regular exercise helps adults in all these ways EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Regular exercise offers numerous health benefits, such as reducing the risk of depression, protecting against various diseases and strengthening the heart. However, it cannot completely negate the harmful effects of tobacco use.

Question 6

If a person is experiencing several stressors and the person's organ reserve is depleted, the physiological toll of those stressors can:

Accepted Answer

When a person experiences several stressors and their organ reserve is depleted, the physiological toll of those stressors can speed up the heart in an attempt to manage the stress. This is known as the "fight or flight" response, which is a natural response to stress. This response increases heart rate in order to provide the necessary blood flow and oxygen to the body’s muscles that are needed to either run away from or fight the stressor.

Question 7

Currently in the United States, _____ percent of adults are overweight.

Accepted Answer

Approximately 65% of adults in the United States are considered overweight, according to recent health statistics.

Question 8

Janyce, a 50-year-old woman, has several stressors in her life, so she turns to her friends in order to deal with the pressure. Which statement BEST explains the physiological phenomenon associated with her method of coping?

Accepted Answer

Janyce's method of coping with stress by turning to her friends is likely to be producing oxytocin, a hormone that encourages caring interactions. Oxytocin has been linked to stress reduction and feelings of social bonding and may play a role in Janyce's ability to deal with stressors in her life.

Question 9

Research studies on alcohol use have shown that:

Accepted Answer

Research studies have shown that moderate alcohol consumption, particularly of red wine, may have health benefits such as a decreased risk of heart disease and certain cancers. However, it is important to note that excessive alcohol consumption can have negative effects on health, including liver damage, increased risk of accidents and violence, and alcohol addiction.

Question 10

In which coping style do people try to change their attitude about a stressor?

Accepted Answer

Emotion-focused coping involves trying to manage the emotions associated with a stressor rather than changing the stressor itself. This can include changing attitudes or beliefs about the stressor.

Question 11

In the United States, after age 35 a person's life span increases _____ years for each year of education.

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that in the United States, after age 35, each additional year of education is associated with an increase in life expectancy of approximately 1.7 years.

Question 12

What is one crucial factor for success at the implementation stage of breaking a habit?

Accepted Answer

Social support is a crucial factor for success at the implementation stage of breaking a habit. Having people to hold us accountable, provide encouragement, and offer assistance when needed can make a significant difference in our ability to successfully break a habit.

Question 13

What percentage of adults in the United States and England get at least 30 minutes per day of exercise?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What percentage of adults in the United...

Question 14

In middle adulthood, an individual is considered obese who:

Accepted Answer

An individual in middle adulthood is considered obese if their BMI (body mass index) is 30 or more. BMI is a measure of body fat based on height and weight. Snacking several times a day, consuming high cholesterol foods, and dieting often (but always gaining back the weight) can all contribute to obesity but are not the sole indicators.

Question 15

Lena wants began a plan to quit smoking shortly before losing her job. However, in the midst of the financial and personal turmoil of her job loss, she abandoned her efforts and bought more cigarettes. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Lena wants began a plan to quit...

Question 16

What is the term for the phenomenon that happens when a person's resolve to break a habit fades when faced with stress?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the term for the phenomenon...

Question 17

Researchers on obesity agree that during middle age:

Accepted Answer

During middle age, metabolism tends to slow down, which can contribute to weight gain if calorie intake is not adjusted accordingly.

Question 18

Which country has experienced a doubling of its diabetes rate in the past 4 decades?

Accepted Answer

The United States has experienced a significant increase in diabetes rates over the past 40 years, largely due to rising obesity rates and lifestyle changes.

Question 19

Which statement about gastric bypass surgery in obese adults is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Gastric bypass surgery does not eliminate the need for life-changing habits such as healthy eating and exercise. These habits are still necessary for long-term weight loss and management.

Question 20

One of the effects of moderate drinking is:

Accepted Answer

Moderate drinking has been shown to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease by reducing the occurrence of blood clots and increasing the levels of HDL cholesterol. However, excessive drinking can have harmful effects on the liver (C) and increase the risk of breast cancer (B) and premature death (D).

Quiz 12: Adulthood: Body and Mind