Question 1

The formation of children's self-concepts is most strongly influenced by:

Accepted Answer

Children's self-concepts are significantly shaped by the way others treat them, as this external feedback provides them with important information about how they are perceived and valued in their social environments.

Question 2

Which of the following is true about the distinctions between self-efficacy and self-concept?

Accepted Answer

Self-concept is indeed a multi-layered belief system that encompasses beliefs about oneself across various domains, unlike self-efficacy, which is more specific and focused on one's belief in their ability to succeed in specific situations.

Question 3

Temperament is:

Accepted Answer

Temperament refers to the innate aspects of an individual's personality, such as their natural predisposition towards certain behaviors or reactions, which is believed to be inherited rather than learned.

Question 4

According to your text, what is self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

Self-esteem refers to an individual's beliefs about their own value and worth, encompassing how they perceive and value themselves.

Question 5

Which one of the following best illustrates a norm that children acquire through the socialization process?

Accepted Answer

Sitting quietly in class is a behavior that children learn through the socialization process, as it is not an innate behavior but rather one that is taught by parents, teachers, and society to conform to social expectations in a classroom setting.

Question 6

Children's self-concepts become increasingly stable, and therefore increasingly more difficult to change, as they grow older.Which one of the following is the most likely explanation for the increasing stability of self-concept over time?

Accepted Answer

Children's behaviors tend to align with their self-concepts, which reinforces their self-perceptions over time, making these perceptions more stable and resistant to change.

Question 7

According to your text, what is the role that culture plays in social development?

Accepted Answer

Culture plays a crucial role in socialization, which is the process through which individuals learn and internalize the values, beliefs, norms, and social practices of their culture and society. This process helps individuals understand how to behave in socially acceptable ways and contributes to the continuity and cohesion of society.

Question 8

Authoritarian parenting is best demonstrated by which of the following examples?

Accepted Answer

Authoritarian parenting is characterized by high demands and low responsiveness, where parents expect strict adherence to rules and often do not consider the child's opinions or feelings. Jim's behavior of expecting his children to follow many rules without exception exemplifies this style.

Question 9

Which of the following is not an example of the behaviours that teachers expect and encourage?

Accepted Answer

Obeying rules at home, while generally encouraged, is not specifically a behavior that teachers expect and encourage in the educational context. Teachers primarily focus on behaviors related to the learning environment, such as delaying gratification, following instructions, and showing respect for authority, which directly impact classroom management and the learning process.

Question 10

Which one of the following fifth graders clearly shows signs of attachment?

Accepted Answer

Raj's self-confidence and independence suggest a secure attachment, as securely attached children often feel comfortable exploring and working independently.

Question 11

We can most effectively enhance students' self-concepts and self-esteem when we:

Accepted Answer

Holding high yet achievable expectations for students' performance encourages them to strive and achieve, which in turn enhances their self-concept and self-esteem by demonstrating their capability and success.

Question 12

Ms.Smith is concerned about one of her students, Victor.She would like to help him improve his self-concept.What would be the best approach?

Accepted Answer

Creating a situation where Victor can be successful at challenging tasks is the best approach to improving his self-concept. Success in challenging tasks can significantly boost an individual's self-esteem and sense of competence, leading to a more positive self-concept.

Question 13

Students usually have feelings about their competence in three general areas: cognitive competence, social competence, and physical competence.Which one of the following is an example of social competence?

Accepted Answer

Social competence involves the ability to interact effectively with others, understand social cues, and be perceived positively by peers. Mia's situation, where she likes her classmates and knows they like her, directly reflects social competence as it involves positive peer relationships and mutual liking.

Question 14

Which student has probably come from a home in which his or her parents exhibit an authoritative parenting style?

Accepted Answer

Authoritative parenting is characterized by high responsiveness and high demands. It is known to foster independence, self-confidence, and good social skills in children. Zina's well-behaved and self-confident demeanor aligns with the outcomes typically associated with authoritative parenting.

Question 15

Which of the following is not part of the authors' recommendations for teachers regarding the support of student self-concepts?

Accepted Answer

The authors recommend being specific with praise, seeking student input, and catching students doing well as ways to support self-concept. Asking about home support is not mentioned as a recommendation for teachers in this context.

Question 16

Which one of these examples best reflects the role that self-concept typically plays in achievement and school behaviour?

Accepted Answer

Deborah's decision to take an extra reading class because she knows she is a good reader reflects how a positive self-concept in a particular area can motivate individuals to pursue further achievements and engage in related activities.

Question 17

As students grow older, they are more likely to:

Accepted Answer

The answer of As students grow older, they are more...

Question 18

If we extend research findings regarding effective parenting styles to the classroom, teachers would be well advised to:

Accepted Answer

Establishing fair rules and high expectations while providing loving support mirrors the authoritative parenting style, which research has found to be most effective in promoting positive outcomes in children. This approach balances structure and warmth, fostering an environment conducive to learning and personal growth.

Question 19

Victoria is a student who does not believe that she can be academically successful.Considering the factors that promote a positive self-concept, Victoria's teacher should:

Accepted Answer

Putting Victoria in situations where she can experience academic success will help build her confidence and promote a positive self-concept by providing her with tangible evidence of her abilities.

Question 20

Given what we know about people's self-concepts, three of the following are likely scenarios.Which scenario is not likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Self-concept tends to be relatively stable and coherent, making it unlikely for someone to frequently oscillate between extreme opposites (very smart and extremely stupid) in their self-assessment.

Quiz 3: Personal, Social, and Moral Development