Question 1

Cognitive psychology is the second-most popular perspective within psychology, following behind the behavioral school.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive psychology is one of the most dominant perspectives in psychology today, but it's not accurate to rank it as the second-most popular because the popularity or dominance of perspectives can vary over time and by criteria used for measurement. Behavioral psychology has been historically significant, but cognitive psychology has been equally influential in understanding mental processes.

Question 2

Describe a possible result of damage occurring to each of the four lobes of the cerebral cortex.

Accepted Answer

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Question 3

There is no need to study the brain in order to fully understand cognition.

Accepted Answer

Cognition is fundamentally linked to brain processes, and understanding the brain's structure and function is essential to fully grasp cognitive mechanisms.

Question 4

Behaviorism logically evolved into cognitive psychology.

Accepted Answer

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Question 5

The sensory store is the first step in the stages of the information-processing model.

Accepted Answer

The sensory store, also known as sensory memory, is indeed the first step in the stages of the information-processing model, where sensory information is retained briefly before being processed further.

Question 6

"Cognitive psychology refers to all processes by which the sensory input is transformed, reduced, elaborated, stored, recovered, and used." Discuss the implications of this statement. How does it differ from the behavioral position?

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Question 7

Compare and contrast the underlying suppositions from behaviorism and cognitive psychology.

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Question 8

Generate a TOTE for making a peanut-butter-and-jam sandwich.

Accepted Answer

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Question 9

PET refers to positive empathy therapy.

Accepted Answer

PET stands for Positron Emission Tomography, a type of imaging test that helps reveal how your tissues and organs are functioning.

Question 10

Cognitive science is the interdisciplinary approach to studying knowledge acquisition.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive science combines insights from psychology, artificial intelligence, neuroscience, linguistics, anthropology, sociology, and philosophy to understand the mind and its processes, including how people acquire, process, and store knowledge.

Question 11

Explain the problems with Watson's approach to cognitive psychology.

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Question 12

Draw and label the stages of the information-processing model. Describe each stage. Give an everyday example of how information might be processed based on this model.

Accepted Answer

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Question 13

Artificial intelligence is the study of how to produce computer programs that can perform intelligent tasks.

Accepted Answer

Artificial intelligence (AI) is indeed the field of study focused on creating computer programs or machines capable of performing tasks that typically require human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and language translation.

Question 14

Define bottom-up and top-down processing. Provide an everyday example of these two types of processing that were not given in your textbook or class. Do you think one type of processing is utilized more than the other? Explain your position.

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Question 15

Cognitive psychology has been influenced by developments in other disciplines. Elaborate on this statement, providing specific examples.

Accepted Answer

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Question 16

Event-related potentials allow scientists to link mental operations recorded in a reaction time task to brain activity.

Accepted Answer

Event-related potentials (ERPs) are brain responses that are directly related to specific sensory, cognitive, or motor events. By measuring these responses during reaction time tasks, scientists can link the timing and nature of brain activity to specific mental operations, providing insights into how the brain processes information.

Question 17

Discuss the major contributing factors to the development of cognitive psychology.

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Question 18

Discuss the following statement: The brain is essential in understanding cognition. Provide examples to support your position.

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Question 19

TOTE is a plan used by humans (similar to a computer program) to control the sequence of operations that need to be performed in order to carry out a behavior.

Accepted Answer

TOTE stands for Test-Operate-Test-Exit, a cognitive model proposed by George A. Miller, Eugene Galanter, and Karl H. Pribram in their 1960 book "Plans and the Structure of Behavior." It describes a plan or sequence that humans follow to control behaviors, similar to how a computer program operates.

Quiz 1: Introduction