Question 1

In humans, the burden of caring for an infant requires that mothers receive

Accepted Answer

Alloparenting refers to caregiving provided by individuals other than the biological parents, which helps mothers manage the demands of caring for an infant.

Question 2

Regarding children's sexuality, psychologists know most about

Accepted Answer

B

Question 3

Westermark's theory was that people inherently avoid sexual relations with those whom they grow up with because

Accepted Answer

Westermark's theory, also known as the Westermark Effect, posits that individuals who grow up together develop an aversion to sexual relations with each other due to a lack of sexual attraction. This aversion is thought to be a result of early familiarity, possibly due to genetic or olfactory cues, which leads to a reduced sexual interest when they become adolescents and adults. This theory challenges the idea that social taboos or the desire to maintain family structure are the main reasons for incest avoidance.

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of children's communicative behaviors?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is an example...

Question 5

Men find women with low waist-to-hip ratios more attractive relative to women with higher waist-to-hip ratios because lower waist-to-hip ratios have been found to be associated with all of the following except

Accepted Answer

Lower waist-to-hip ratios are associated with greater health and fertility, but not with having better-looking children.

Question 6

A reproductive strategy in which many offspring are produced with minimal investment or nurturing is called

Accepted Answer

The answer of A reproductive strategy in which many offspring...

Question 7

Anecdotal evidence shows that siblings who were separated early in childhood often have ________ for one another when they meet as adults.

Accepted Answer

Anecdotal evidence suggests that siblings separated early in childhood may experience uncomfortable feelings of sexual attraction when they meet as adults, a phenomenon sometimes referred to as genetic sexual attraction.

Question 8

The exception to women tending to prefer older men and men tending to prefer younger women is

Accepted Answer

Adolescent boys often show interest in girls their own age or slightly younger, differing from the general trend observed in adult preferences where men typically prefer younger women. This exception is likely due to social circles, maturity levels, and stages of development during adolescence.

Question 9

The evolution of male and female psychologies and their mating choices may have produced all of the following misconceptions except

Accepted Answer

The statement that humans are not victims of our genes or evolutionary past is not a misconception. It reflects the understanding that while evolution influences behavior, humans have the capacity for conscious decision-making beyond genetic predispositions.

Question 10

Men in all cultures tend to prefer younger women, which likely reflects men's

Accepted Answer

Men's preference for younger women likely reflects their ability to recognize reproductive value. Younger women generally have a higher fertility rate and thus are more likely to produce healthy offspring, which is an evolutionary advantage for men to seek out in a mate. This preference may also be influenced by cultural norms and societal expectations.

Question 11

Following mainstream evolutionary psychological theory, natural selection shaped the human mind so that females are attracted to male traits associated with

Accepted Answer

According to evolutionary psychology theory, females are attracted to male traits associated with the ability and willingness to provide resources because it increases the chances of survival and reproductive success for both the female and her offspring.

Question 12

Conducting research on childhood sexuality has not been easy in most Western countries because

Accepted Answer

In most Western countries, there is a deep-rooted reluctance to view children as sexual beings, making it difficult to conduct research on childhood sexuality. This is due to cultural and societal taboos surrounding the topic, as well as concerns about protecting children from sexual exploitation or harm.

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of children's modeling behaviors?

Accepted Answer

Playing doctor games is an example of children modeling behaviors, as they may have seen doctors in action or have been to a doctor's appointment themselves. Option A could potentially be a sign of inappropriate behavior or curiosity, while B and C are more related to personal preferences or socialization.

Question 14

Studies have shown penile erections as early as ___

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that penile erections can occur as early as prenatal development, specifically during the third trimester when the fetus is still in the womb.

Question 15

More recent retrospective studies report _____ of childhood sexual experiences.

Accepted Answer

More recent retrospective studies often report higher rates of childhood sexual experiences. This can be due to increased awareness, better survey methodologies, and a greater willingness among individuals to disclose such experiences.

Question 16

The three lines of recent research on children's sexual behaviors focuses on all of the following except

Accepted Answer

Direct observations of children's sexual activities would raise significant ethical concerns and are not a common or accepted method of research in this area. Most research relies on surveys, reports from parents or adults, and studies of children receiving treatment for problematic behaviors.

Question 17

Kinsey reported that what percentage of men reported having experienced some sort of sexual experience before adolescence?

Accepted Answer

Kinsey's research indicated that 57% of men reported having experienced some sort of sexual experience before adolescence.

Question 18

Kinsey reported that what percentage of women reported having experienced some sort of sexual experience before adolescence?

Accepted Answer

Kinsey reported that 48% of women had experienced some sort of sexual experience before adolescence.

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of children's exhibition and voyeur behaviors?

Accepted Answer

Children's exhibition and voyeur behaviors include actions like trying to look at people when they are nude or undressing, as it involves curiosity about others' bodies.

Question 20

That there is a tradeoff between investing time and resources in parenting and mating and that the sex that invests more in parenting is the choosier sex when it comes to selecting a mating partner, whereas the sex that invests less in parenting is more competitive among themselves for access to the more-investing sex is called

Accepted Answer

This theory is known as parental investment theory and suggests that the sex that invests more in parenting (typically females) is choosier when it comes to selecting mates, whereas the sex that invests less (typically males) is more competitive among themselves for access to the investing sex. The other options listed are different theories that do not explain this tradeoff between parenting and mating strategies.

Quiz 15: The Development of Sexuality and Gender Identity