Question 1

Carmen has often felt misunderstood and unappreciated in her relationships and even believes her boyfriend and friends to be somewhat unreliable. She would love to feel closer to them but cannot bring herself to trust them. According to the research on adult attachment style, Carmen would be described as having a(n)__________ attachment style.

Accepted Answer

Carmen's feelings of being misunderstood and unappreciated, coupled with her desire for closeness but inability to trust, align with characteristics of an ambivalent attachment style. This style is marked by a desire for intimacy but fear of vulnerability.

Question 2

According to evolutionary psychologists, which of the following statements is TRUE of the mating patterns of men and women?

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary psychologists suggest that men place more emphasis on youth and physical attractiveness because these traits are often associated with fertility and reproductive potential.

Question 3

Which adult attachment pattern is marked by a tendency to resist commitment to others with the people having this style tending to be suspicious, aloof, and skeptical about love?

Accepted Answer

The avoidant attachment style is characterized by a resistance to commitment and a tendency to remain emotionally distant from others. Individuals with this style often appear suspicious, aloof, and skeptical about love, preferring to maintain their independence and avoid deep emotional connections.

Question 4

Sarah believes that most people are well intentioned. She is comfortable relying on her husband and friends and having them depend on her. Sarah does not worry about being abandoned by her husband. According to the research on adult attachment style, Sarah would be described as having a(n)__________ attachment style.

Accepted Answer

Sarah's belief in the good intentions of others, comfort in mutual dependence, and lack of worry about abandonment are characteristics of a secure attachment style. Secure attachment is marked by trust, a positive view of oneself and others, and healthy, interdependent relationships.

Question 5

According to evolutionary psychologists, which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the mating patterns of men and women?

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary psychologists suggest that women are more concerned with securing a mate who will provide resources and support for their offspring, which aligns with statement A.

Question 6

A person who has a tendency to resist intimacy and commitment to others has a(n)__________ attachment style.

Accepted Answer

Avoidant attachment style is characterized by a tendency to resist intimacy and commitment to others, as individuals with this style often prioritize their independence and self-sufficiency over close relationships.

Question 7

Melissa has always tended to be rather suspicious of others, aloof, and skeptical of love. She tends to see others as either unreliable or too eager to commit to a relationship. Thus, Melissa finds it very hard to completely trust and depend on others. She actually gets nervous when anyone gets too close emotionally. According to the research on dating couples, Melissa would be described as having which attachment pattern?

Accepted Answer

Melissa's behaviors and attitudes towards relationships are indicative of an avoidant attachment pattern. This pattern is characterized by a discomfort with closeness and a tendency to maintain emotional distance from others.

Question 8

According to Buss and other evolutionary psychologists, the differences between male and female mating patterns are primarily due to different

Accepted Answer

Buss and other evolutionary psychologists argue that the differences in male and female mating patterns are primarily due to different reproductive challenges. Men and women have faced different pressures in the evolutionary past that shape their current mating strategies.

Question 9

Pablo has always found it relatively easy to get close to others. He regards himself as friendly, dependable, and likeable and considers other people to be the same. According to the research on dating couples, Pablo would be described as having which attachment pattern?

Accepted Answer

Pablo's ease in getting close to others, viewing himself as friendly, dependable, and likeable, and seeing others in a similar positive light, aligns with characteristics of a secure attachment pattern. Secure attachment is marked by comfort with intimacy and a positive view of oneself and others.

Question 10

Terrence has always had difficulty trusting and depending on others. He tends to see others as either unreliable or too eager to commit to a relationship. Therefore, whenever the relationship gets too close, he pulls back and the relationship breaks up. According to the research on dating couples, Terrence would be described as having which adult attachment pattern?

Accepted Answer

Terrence's behavior aligns with the avoidant attachment pattern, characterized by difficulty in trusting and depending on others, pulling away when relationships get too close, and a tendency to view others as unreliable or too eager.

Question 11

Emir tends to see his friends and his present lover as unreliable and unwilling to commit themselves to lasting relationships. He would love to be extremely close to his present girlfriend but he worries that she really does not love him and will leave him, like the last one. Emir tends to feel emotionally unsettled as if no one will ever truly understand him or appreciate him. According to the research on dating couples, Emir would be described as having which attachment pattern?

Accepted Answer

Emir's feelings and behaviors are indicative of an ambivalent attachment pattern, characterized by a desire for closeness but also fear of abandonment and doubt about the love and commitment of partners. This pattern involves anxiety and uncertainty about being loved and supported.

Question 12

According to which theory did mating preferences develop in response to the differing reproductive challenges that faced the earliest humans, leaving an imprint that influences male and female mating patterns today?

Accepted Answer

Buss's evolutionary theory posits that mating preferences evolved in response to the reproductive challenges faced by early humans, influencing contemporary male and female mating patterns. This theory suggests that these evolved preferences are a result of natural selection pressures favoring traits that enhance reproductive success.

Question 13

The psychologists who study the origins of human behavior patterns and believe that every human has an imprint from our early ancestors which influences such behaviors as sexual attraction, infidelity, jealousy, and divorce are the

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary psychologists focus on how evolutionary principles such as natural selection and adaptation influence human thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, including those related to sexual attraction, infidelity, jealousy, and divorce. They believe that many aspects of human behavior are rooted in our evolutionary past.

Question 14

Sam has difficulty trusting the women he has dated in recent years. They have all seemed too eager to seek commitment from him. So, when the relationship gets too close, he pulls back, and the relationship breaks up. According to the research on adult attachment style, Sam would be described as having a(n)__________ attachment style.

Accepted Answer

Sam's behavior of pulling back when relationships get too close and his difficulty in trusting partners are indicative of an avoidant attachment style. This style is characterized by a desire to maintain independence and emotional distance in relationships.

Question 15

Karen sees herself as friendly, good natured, and likeable, while seeing her family and friends as well intentioned, reliable, and trustworthy. She is not afraid of her boyfriend abandoning her; and she is comfortable relying on him and having him depend on her. According to the research on dating couples, Karen would be described as having which attachment pattern?

Accepted Answer

Karen's self-perception as friendly and good-natured, her positive view of her family and friends, and her comfort with mutual dependence in her romantic relationship are characteristics associated with a secure attachment pattern. Secure attachment is marked by confidence in oneself and in the reliability and goodwill of others, leading to healthy, trusting relationships.

Question 16

Carlota has often felt misunderstood and unappreciated in her relationships. While she would love to feel closer to her friends, she believes that they really don't care about her and will abandon her when she needs them most. According to the research on dating couples, Carlota would be described as having which attachment pattern?

Accepted Answer

Carlota's feelings of being misunderstood and unappreciated, along with her fear of abandonment, align with the characteristics of an ambivalent attachment pattern. This pattern involves anxiety and uncertainty about relationships, where individuals desire closeness but fear rejection or abandonment.

Question 17

The study of the adaptive origins of human behavior patterns is called

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary psychology focuses on understanding how human behavior patterns have developed and adapted over time due to evolutionary pressures. It seeks to explain psychological traits as adaptations, that is, as the functional products of natural selection or sexual selection.

Question 18

According to evolutionary theorists, mate selection can be attributed to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary theorists suggest that mate selection is influenced by reproductive challenges, as individuals tend to choose mates who can enhance their reproductive success and ensure the survival of their offspring.

Question 19

A style of attachment that is marked by mixed feelings about love and friendship is referred to as a(n)__________ attachment style.

Accepted Answer

Ambivalent attachment style is characterized by mixed feelings of love and friendship, where individuals often worry that their partner does not love them back.

Question 20

Most adults have an attachment to friends and lovers that is marked by caring, supportiveness, and understanding and is referred to as a(n)__________ attachment style.

Accepted Answer

Secure attachment style is characterized by feelings of trust, a desire for closeness, and a sense of security in relationships, which aligns with the description of caring, supportiveness, and understanding.

Quiz 17: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior