Question 1

Evelyn's husband recently died and she is supporting her two children. In addition, she is struggling to keep her job and has taken an increased workload. Based on what you know about stress, Evelyn is most likely to ____.

Accepted Answer

Evelyn is dealing with multiple stressors, including the death of her husband, financial strain, and increased workload. This level of stress can weaken the immune system and make her more susceptible to illnesses such as colds and respiratory infections.

Question 2

People with disease-prone personalities are least likely to ____. ​

Accepted Answer

People with disease-prone personalities tend to rely more on emotion-focused coping strategies, which involve attempting to regulate emotions rather than actively solving the problem at hand. Therefore, they are least likely to rely mainly on problem-focused coping strategies.

Question 3

Justin has been writing songs about his use of emotion-focused coping strategies in dealing with his relationship problems. Which song title would be least relevant for these songs? ​

Accepted Answer

Emotion-focused coping strategies involve managing emotions rather than directly addressing the problem. "Taking Action to Change My Ways" suggests a problem-focused coping strategy, making it least relevant.

Question 4

Greg and Peter is talking about their brother Bobby. "I don't see how he does it," states Peter. "If I were in his situation, I'd be so stressed that I would make myself sick! And Bobby seems to be just fine!" Greg responds, "Well, Peter, I believe that Bobby has a disease-resistant personality, which means he possesses ____. ​

Accepted Answer

The traits of dispositional optimism and sociability are often associated with a disease-resistant personality. These individuals tend to have a positive outlook on life and are able to cope well with stressors. Choice A is incorrect because denial would not be a helpful trait in combating disease. Choice B is incorrect because a higher alarm reaction threshold would imply that it would take more stress to trigger a response, which is not necessarily helpful. Choice D is incorrect because while having a stronger immune system may be helpful in fighting disease, it is not necessarily linked to a disease-resistant personality.

Question 5

Dr. Freeman works in the field of psychoneuroimmunology, which is the study of ____.

Accepted Answer

Psychoneuroimmunology is the study of the interaction between psychological and physiological processes that affect the body's ability to defend itself against disease. Choice A is related to abnormal psychology, choice C is related to sensory psychology, and choice D is related to psychopharmacology.

Question 6

Research demonstrates that people who view their marriage as _____ are less likely than other married people to have developed harmful plaque in their coronary arteries. ​

Accepted Answer

Research shows that people who view their marriage as supportive are less likely to have harmful plaque in their coronary arteries. This suggests that a positive and supportive marital relationship can have physical health benefits. The other answer choices do not have any research evidence to support their impact on coronary health.

Question 7

When Friedman and his associates analyzed the Terman Life Cycle Study to find the personality characteristics that predict long life, they found a link between ____ and longevity. ​

Accepted Answer

Friedman and his associates found that conscientiousness was linked to longevity in the Terman Life Cycle Study. This means that individuals who were responsible, reliable, and organized tended to live longer than those who were not. Other personality traits, such as openness to experience, extraversion, and agreeableness, were not found to be strongly linked to longevity in this study.

Question 8

Which factor is least representative of someone with a disease-resistant personality?

Accepted Answer

Inability to adapt to changing conditions is not representative of a disease-resistant personality. People with this type of personality are typically able to adapt to changing conditions and overcome challenges.

Question 9

Rick's marriage is fairly stable. George, on the other hand, fights with his wife and worries that she might leave him. According to the results of the Terman Life Cycle Study, George is more likely to ____ than Rick. ​

Accepted Answer

According to the Terman Life Cycle Study, individuals with unstable marriages are more likely to die at a younger age. Therefore, George is more likely to die at a younger age than Rick.

Question 10

Neil is nervous about an upcoming presentation he has to give at a conference. To cheer him on, Neil's wife and brother decide to sit in the audience during his talk. Upon seeing them in the audience, Neil becomes even more stressed with the added concern that he will mess up in front of his loved ones. This example demonstrates ____. ​

Accepted Answer

This example demonstrates that social support is not always positive, as the presence of Neil's wife and brother in the audience actually increased his stress and anxiety instead of providing comfort and reassurance. This highlights the importance of understanding individual differences in coping mechanisms and preferences for social support.

Question 11

Eli grew up in an impoverished neighborhood and had friends who never went to school and ended up in prison. He finished high school while holding down a full-time job at night. He has put himself through college while working and caring for his ailing parents. Throughout the challenges, Eli always believes that things would work out for the best. Eli is displaying ____. ​

Accepted Answer

Eli's belief that things would work out for the best despite the challenges he faced is an example of dispositional optimism, which refers to the tendency to expect positive outcomes even in the face of adversity. The other answer choices do not fit with the scenario described.

Question 12

Men and women typically react differently in the face of stress. These differences may result from the tendency of men to adopt ____, whereas women tend to adopt ____ when reacting to stress. ​

Accepted Answer

Men tend to have a fight-or-flight response to stress, which involves either confronting or avoiding the stressor. Women, on the other hand, tend to have a tend-and-befriend response, which involves seeking social support and nurturing others in response to stress.

Question 13

Harley has recently heard that his company is closing, and that he will be out of a job soon. He has decided to not think about it very much because he believes he doesn't have the skills to get another good job. Based on how he handles this stressor, Harley seems to possess a ____ personality. ​

Accepted Answer

Harley's avoidance and resignation in the face of the impending job loss indicate a passive, helpless approach to stress. This is consistent with a disease-prone personality, which is characterized by a negative outlook and a tendency to feel overwhelmed by stressors.

Question 14

The field of psychoneuroimmunology traces its roots back to the research on bacteria and stress conducted by ____. ​

Accepted Answer

The answer of The field of psychoneuroimmunology traces its roots...

Question 15

Benjamin is a researcher studying ways to decrease the negative impact of stress on patients who have tested HIV-positive. Benjamin is probably in the field of ____. ​

Accepted Answer

Benjamin's study is focusing on how the mind and the immune system interact, which is the main focus of psychoneuroimmunology. Psychobiology and neurological psychology may involve the study of the effects of stress on the brain, but they do not specifically address the immune system. Cognitive psychology is concerned with how people's thoughts, beliefs, and attitudes affect their behavior and emotions, but it is not directly related to the immune system or HIV.

Question 16

Your friend has been stressed recently, and you are concerned that if it continues, he will become depressed. Which factor will be most helpful to him in reducing stress and preventing depression during stressful periods? ​

Accepted Answer

Strong social support has been shown to be one of the most helpful factors in reducing stress and preventing depression. Having a supportive network of friends and family can help individuals cope with stress and feel less alone during difficult times. Low self-efficacy, an overprotective family, and isolation from others can all contribute to increased stress and risk of depression.

Question 17

Ozlem thinks that things always work out positively for her. When she has a problem, she takes steps to eliminate it immediately, and she thinks of the problem as a challenge. Ozlem seems to be a person with ____.

Accepted Answer

Ozlem's belief that things always work out positively and her approach to problems as challenges indicate dispositional optimism, which is a tendency to have a positive outlook on life and expect good things to happen. None of the other options (high neuroticism, type A characteristics, high extraversion) are supported by the information given in the passage.

Question 18

Mark and Lisa are a couple in the middle of a heated argument. Research on gender differences in stress responses suggests that ____. ​

Accepted Answer

Research on gender differences in stress responses suggests that men are more likely than women to display intense emotional and behavioral responses, such as anger and aggression, in response to stressors. Therefore, in this argument, Mark is more likely than Lisa to display intense emotional and behavioral responses.

Question 19

A person with a disease-resistant personality is one who ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A disease-resistant personality is one who handles stress effectively, is optimistic, has a sense of purpose, has a support network, and engages in healthy habits. Being angry and resentful (option A) is not a characteristic of a disease-resistant personality. Having an external locus of control (option C) means that a person believes events are outside of their control, which is not necessarily a characteristic of a disease-resistant personality. While being high on all big five personality traits (option D) may be advantageous, it is not a defining characteristic of a disease-resistant personality.

Question 20

Nelson experiences a lot of chronic stress at work, and his wife has asked for a divorce. Surprisingly, Nelson seems to be exhibiting very few stress reactions. He has a large network of friends who help him deal with his stressors. The support his friends provide is a ____. ​

Accepted Answer

The support Nelson's friends provide acts as a stress mediator, which means it helps to mediate or lessen the impact of stress on him. This is because social support can provide emotional comfort, practical help, and advice, which can make stressors seem more manageable and less threatening.

Quiz 12: Health Stress and Coping

Evelyn's husband recently died and she is supporting her two children. In addition, she is struggling to keep her job and has taken an increased workload. Based on what you know about stress, Evelyn is most likely to ____.

People with disease-prone personalities are least likely to ____.

Justin has been writing songs about his use of emotion-focused coping strategies in dealing with his relationship problems. Which song title would be least relevant for these songs?

Dr. Freeman works in the field of psychoneuroimmunology, which is the study of ____.

Research demonstrates that people who view their marriage as _____ are less likely than other married people to have developed harmful plaque in their coronary arteries.

When Friedman and his associates analyzed the Terman Life Cycle Study to find the personality characteristics that predict long life, they found a link between ____ and longevity.

Which factor is least representative of someone with a disease-resistant personality?

Rick's marriage is fairly stable. George, on the other hand, fights with his wife and worries that she might leave him. According to the results of the Terman Life Cycle Study, George is more likely to ____ than Rick.

Men and women typically react differently in the face of stress. These differences may result from the tendency of men to adopt , whereas women tend to adopt when reacting to stress.

Harley has recently heard that his company is closing, and that he will be out of a job soon. He has decided to not think about it very much because he believes he doesn't have the skills to get another good job. Based on how he handles this stressor, Harley seems to possess a ____ personality.

The field of psychoneuroimmunology traces its roots back to the research on bacteria and stress conducted by ____.

Benjamin is a researcher studying ways to decrease the negative impact of stress on patients who have tested HIV-positive. Benjamin is probably in the field of ____.

Your friend has been stressed recently, and you are concerned that if it continues, he will become depressed. Which factor will be most helpful to him in reducing stress and preventing depression during stressful periods?

Ozlem thinks that things always work out positively for her. When she has a problem, she takes steps to eliminate it immediately, and she thinks of the problem as a challenge. Ozlem seems to be a person with ____.

Mark and Lisa are a couple in the middle of a heated argument. Research on gender differences in stress responses suggests that ____.

A person with a disease-resistant personality is one who ____.

Nelson experiences a lot of chronic stress at work, and his wife has asked for a divorce. Surprisingly, Nelson seems to be exhibiting very few stress reactions. He has a large network of friends who help him deal with his stressors. The support his friends provide is a ____.

Quiz 12: Health Stress and Coping

Evelyn's husband recently died and she is supporting her two children. In addition, she is struggling to keep her job and has taken an increased workload. Based on what you know about stress, Evelyn is most likely to ____.

People with disease-prone personalities are least likely to ____. ​

Justin has been writing songs about his use of emotion-focused coping strategies in dealing with his relationship problems. Which song title would be least relevant for these songs? ​

Dr. Freeman works in the field of psychoneuroimmunology, which is the study of ____.

Research demonstrates that people who view their marriage as _____ are less likely than other married people to have developed harmful plaque in their coronary arteries. ​

When Friedman and his associates analyzed the Terman Life Cycle Study to find the personality characteristics that predict long life, they found a link between ____ and longevity. ​

Which factor is least representative of someone with a disease-resistant personality?

Rick's marriage is fairly stable. George, on the other hand, fights with his wife and worries that she might leave him. According to the results of the Terman Life Cycle Study, George is more likely to ____ than Rick. ​

Men and women typically react differently in the face of stress. These differences may result from the tendency of men to adopt ____, whereas women tend to adopt ____ when reacting to stress. ​

Harley has recently heard that his company is closing, and that he will be out of a job soon. He has decided to not think about it very much because he believes he doesn't have the skills to get another good job. Based on how he handles this stressor, Harley seems to possess a ____ personality. ​

The field of psychoneuroimmunology traces its roots back to the research on bacteria and stress conducted by ____. ​

Benjamin is a researcher studying ways to decrease the negative impact of stress on patients who have tested HIV-positive. Benjamin is probably in the field of ____. ​

Your friend has been stressed recently, and you are concerned that if it continues, he will become depressed. Which factor will be most helpful to him in reducing stress and preventing depression during stressful periods? ​

Ozlem thinks that things always work out positively for her. When she has a problem, she takes steps to eliminate it immediately, and she thinks of the problem as a challenge. Ozlem seems to be a person with ____.

Mark and Lisa are a couple in the middle of a heated argument. Research on gender differences in stress responses suggests that ____. ​

A person with a disease-resistant personality is one who ____. ​

Nelson experiences a lot of chronic stress at work, and his wife has asked for a divorce. Surprisingly, Nelson seems to be exhibiting very few stress reactions. He has a large network of friends who help him deal with his stressors. The support his friends provide is a ____. ​

People with disease-prone personalities are least likely to ____.

Justin has been writing songs about his use of emotion-focused coping strategies in dealing with his relationship problems. Which song title would be least relevant for these songs?

Research demonstrates that people who view their marriage as _____ are less likely than other married people to have developed harmful plaque in their coronary arteries.

When Friedman and his associates analyzed the Terman Life Cycle Study to find the personality characteristics that predict long life, they found a link between ____ and longevity.

Rick's marriage is fairly stable. George, on the other hand, fights with his wife and worries that she might leave him. According to the results of the Terman Life Cycle Study, George is more likely to ____ than Rick.

Men and women typically react differently in the face of stress. These differences may result from the tendency of men to adopt , whereas women tend to adopt when reacting to stress.

Harley has recently heard that his company is closing, and that he will be out of a job soon. He has decided to not think about it very much because he believes he doesn't have the skills to get another good job. Based on how he handles this stressor, Harley seems to possess a ____ personality.

The field of psychoneuroimmunology traces its roots back to the research on bacteria and stress conducted by ____.

Benjamin is a researcher studying ways to decrease the negative impact of stress on patients who have tested HIV-positive. Benjamin is probably in the field of ____.

Your friend has been stressed recently, and you are concerned that if it continues, he will become depressed. Which factor will be most helpful to him in reducing stress and preventing depression during stressful periods?

Mark and Lisa are a couple in the middle of a heated argument. Research on gender differences in stress responses suggests that ____.

A person with a disease-resistant personality is one who ____.

Nelson experiences a lot of chronic stress at work, and his wife has asked for a divorce. Surprisingly, Nelson seems to be exhibiting very few stress reactions. He has a large network of friends who help him deal with his stressors. The support his friends provide is a ____.