Question 1

Hope is a little girl who seems worried all the time. She is worried that she could be kidnapped, is upset when her parents leave, and cries easily. Hope probably has a(n)____ childhood disorder.

Accepted Answer

Hope displays symptoms of internalizing childhood disorders, such as anxiety, depression, and excessive worrying. This is contrasted with externalizing childhood disorders, which involve acting out behaviors, such as aggression or defiance. Hope's behavior is not indicative of autism or a personality disorder.

Question 2

Gillian is extremely inhibited in social situations, feels inadequate, and is extremely sensitive to criticism from her family and her boss. Gillian would most likely be diagnosed as displaying ____.

Accepted Answer

Gillian displays symptoms that are characteristic of avoidant personality disorder. People with this disorder are typically hypersensitive to criticism, have feelings of inadequacy, and are extremely inhibited in social situations.

Question 3

Philip has been diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which statement would best describe him?

Accepted Answer

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by symptoms of impulsivity, hyperactivity, and inattention that interfere with normal functioning and development. Option A describes symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), not ADHD. Option C is a myth; ADHD is a recognized medical condition. Option D describes symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), not ADHD.

Question 4

Veronica is conducting research on conduct disorder in adolescents. Which research article title should she consider inaccurate, according to findings in your textbook?

Accepted Answer

According to findings in the textbook, there is evidence of a genetic predisposition towards conduct disorder in adolescents. Therefore, the article title "No Genetic Predisposition Has Been Found" would be inaccurate.

Question 5

Rudy has been a troublemaker from a very young age. At the age of nine, he is arrested for vandalism. At the age of thirteen, he forces the family cat to eat a lit firecracker. Now that Rudy is an adult, he has become a serial killer. Rudy is especially dangerous because people generally like him when they first meet him. Rudy most likely has a(n)____ personality disorder.

Accepted Answer

Rudy's history of exhibiting aggressive and harmful behavior starting from a young age, coupled with his current activity as a serial killer, suggests he has antisocial personality disorder. Additionally, the fact that people tend to like him when they first meet him is a common characteristic of individuals with this disorder who are skilled at manipulating others to get what they want.

Question 6

When Meera was twelve years old, she began stealing from local stores. Her delinquent behavior continued and became more serious as she entered adulthood. She shows no empathy, guilt, or shame and always tried to manipulate other people with her superficial charm. Which personality disorder is consistent with Meera's behavior?

Accepted Answer

Meera's behavior is consistent with Antisocial Personality Disorder, which is characterized by a disregard for others' rights, a lack of empathy, manipulativeness, and a disregard for societal norms and rules. Meera's history of theft, lack of guilt or shame, and manipulative behavior are all common traits associated with this disorder. Schizotypal Personality Disorder is characterized by odd or eccentric behavior, unusual beliefs, and unusual perceptions, which do not match Meera's behavior. Narcissistic Personality Disorder is characterized by a grandiose sense of self-importance, a need for admiration, and a lack of empathy, which are not the primary features of Meera's behavior. Dependent Personality Disorder is characterized by an excessive need to be taken care of and a fear of being alone, which also do not match Meera's behavior.

Question 7

The functioning of ____ appears disturbed in people with autism, which is one avenue that researchers are pursuing to help explain why these individuals seem to operate with little appreciation for what others might be thinking or feeling.

Accepted Answer

Mirror neurons are a type of neuron that is involved in empathy, imitation, and understanding the actions and intentions of others. Research suggests that the functioning of mirror neurons may be disturbed in individuals with autism, which could contribute to the social and communication difficulties that are characteristic of the disorder.

Question 8

Margaret, a twenty-year-old student, says that she hears a voice constantly saying the phrase "Usher, I would like a seat from which I can see the pianist." Also, she is convinced that she is a creature from another planet sent to Earth to prepare for an alien invasion. Furthermore, Margaret often speaks in rhymes and uses nonsense words that others cannot understand. Some researchers who study the biological bases of psychopathology suggest that the ____ in Margaret's brain shows ____ activity.

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described, such as hearing voices and having delusional beliefs, are characteristic of schizophrenia, a disorder often associated with increased dopamine activity in the brain.

Question 9

Histrionic and borderline personality disorders are part of the ____.

Accepted Answer

Histrionic and borderline personality disorders are both within the dramatic-erratic cluster (Cluster B) of personality disorders, which are characterized by emotional dysregulation, impulsivity, and attention-seeking behavior.

Question 10

Little Kendra is three years old. She almost never shows any signs of recognition when her parents are around and basically ignores other people. Kendra occasionally bangs her head repeatedly. Kendra most likely has ____.

Accepted Answer

Kendra's lack of recognition and social interaction, along with repetitive behavior such as head banging, are common signs of autistic spectrum disorder. The other options do not fit the given symptoms.

Question 11

The vulnerability theory of schizophrenia suggests all of the following except that ____.

Accepted Answer

The vulnerability theory of schizophrenia suggests that vulnerability to schizophrenia is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Therefore, option C is incorrect as it suggests that genetics play virtually no role in the appearance of schizophrenia.

Question 12

Maggie, a five-year-old, is constantly worried that she will be lost, kidnapped, or injured, or that some harm may come to Marge or Homer, her parents. Maggie clings to her mother and becomes sick or upset at the prospect of any separation. Maggie is most likely suffering from ____.

Accepted Answer

Maggie's constant worry about being lost, kidnapped, or harmed, and her clinging behavior suggests separation anxiety disorder, which is characterized by excessive fear or anxiety about separation from home or attachment figures.

Question 13

The DSM-5 has grouped personality disorders into clusters. Paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal personality disorders make up the ____.

Accepted Answer

Paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal personality disorders are all characterized as odd or eccentric in their behaviors and thoughts, which is why they are grouped together in the odd-eccentric cluster (Cluster A) of personality disorders in the DSM-5.

Question 14

Robert decides to join the army because he has failed in college and he is tired of dealing with his father's mental disorder. After hearing he enlisted, his fiancé breaks off their engagement. Boot camp is much more difficult than Robert had anticipated. Robert begins to see and hear things that were not present and is diagnosed with schizophrenia. The best explanation for why Robert develops schizophrenia is the ____ theory.

Accepted Answer

The vulnerability theory suggests that individuals who are predisposed to schizophrenia may develop the disorder when exposed to certain stressors or triggers, such as the intense and stressful environment of boot camp.

Question 15

​  Jan's roommate, Thelma, is always bragging about how well she is doing in her classes, about how much her professors admire and respect her, and that she is destined to be a great criminal defense attorney. When Jan points out Thelma's poor writing skills, Thelma cries because Jan doesn't appreciate her immense talents. Jan and her friends get irritated with Thelma because she expects to be given special treatment by her professors and fellow students. If Thelma has a psychological disorder, it would most likely be ____ personality disorder.

Accepted Answer

Thelma's behavior of constantly bragging and expecting special treatment is indicative of narcissistic personality disorder, where an individual has an inflated sense of self-importance and seeks admiration from others. This disorder can also include a lack of empathy towards others, which is shown in Thelma's inability to accept constructive criticism from Jan.

Question 16

Doctor A.D. Aitchdey conducts research on childhood disorders. Specifically, she wants to learn more about disorders in which the children's behaviors cause disruptions in their environments. Her next project will focus on children with conduct disorder. In other words, Doctor Aitchdey's research is focusing on the ____ category of childhood disorders.

Accepted Answer

Children with conduct disorder exhibit externalizing behaviors, meaning their disruptive behaviors are directed outward towards others or the environment. These behaviors can include aggression, defiance, lying, and stealing, and can cause significant problems in school, at home, and in social situations.

Question 17

Hunter began to develop antisocial behaviors around the age of nineteen and his symptoms appear to be worsening. Hunter's uncle visits a community center to learn more about the causes of antisocial personality disorder and learns that one factor that is not contributing to Hunter's behavior is ____.

Accepted Answer

Increased sensitivity to punishment is actually a characteristic trait of individuals with antisocial personality disorder. The other options are potential contributing factors to antisocial behavior.

Question 18

​ Research examining the link between childhood abuse and antisocial personality disorder has found that ____.

Accepted Answer

While childhood abuse has been linked to an increased risk of developing antisocial personality disorder, it is not the only factor and not all abused children will develop the disorder. Other factors such as genetics and upbringing may also play a role. Additionally, there is no known link between antisocial personality disorder and a higher likelihood to sexually abuse children.

Question 19

Which characteristic would be most likely to be exhibited by a person with narcissistic personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

Narcissistic personality disorder is characterized by an exaggerated sense of self-importance, a constant need for admiration and attention, and a lack of empathy for others. Impulsivity, neologisms (inventing new words or meanings), and paranoia are not typical characteristics of narcissistic personality disorder.

Question 20

Ben displays odd perceptions, thoughts, beliefs, and behaviors that occasionally resemble the symptoms of schizophrenia, but are not as disturbed. Ben most likely has ____ personality disorder.

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described in the scenario resemble those of schizotypal personality disorder. People with this disorder display odd and eccentric behaviors, thoughts, and perceptions that may resemble those seen in schizophrenia, but are typically less severe. This includes beliefs in magical thinking, odd speech patterns, and a reluctance to form close relationships with others. Narcissistic personality disorder involves grandiose self-importance, a need for admiration, and a lack of empathy. Avoidant personality disorder involves a pervasive fear of rejection and social isolation. Antisocial personality disorder involves a disregard for the rights of others and a tendency towards impulsive and irresponsible behavior. None of these disorders would fit the symptoms described as closely as schizotypal personality disorder.

Quiz 14: Psychological Disorders

Hope is a little girl who seems worried all the time. She is worried that she could be kidnapped, is upset when her parents leave, and cries easily. Hope probably has a(n) ____ childhood disorder.

Gillian is extremely inhibited in social situations, feels inadequate, and is extremely sensitive to criticism from her family and her boss. Gillian would most likely be diagnosed as displaying ____.

Philip has been diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) . Which statement would best describe him?

Veronica is conducting research on conduct disorder in adolescents. Which research article title should she consider inaccurate, according to findings in your textbook?

The functioning of ____ appears disturbed in people with autism, which is one avenue that researchers are pursuing to help explain why these individuals seem to operate with little appreciation for what others might be thinking or feeling.

Histrionic and borderline personality disorders are part of the ____.

Little Kendra is three years old. She almost never shows any signs of recognition when her parents are around and basically ignores other people. Kendra occasionally bangs her head repeatedly. Kendra most likely has ____.

The vulnerability theory of schizophrenia suggests all of the following except that ____.

Maggie, a five-year-old, is constantly worried that she will be lost, kidnapped, or injured, or that some harm may come to Marge or Homer, her parents. Maggie clings to her mother and becomes sick or upset at the prospect of any separation. Maggie is most likely suffering from ____.

The DSM-5 has grouped personality disorders into clusters. Paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal personality disorders make up the ____.

Research examining the link between childhood abuse and antisocial personality disorder has found that ____.

Which characteristic would be most likely to be exhibited by a person with narcissistic personality disorder?

Ben displays odd perceptions, thoughts, beliefs, and behaviors that occasionally resemble the symptoms of schizophrenia, but are not as disturbed. Ben most likely has ____ personality disorder.

Quiz 14: Psychological Disorders

Hope is a little girl who seems worried all the time. She is worried that she could be kidnapped, is upset when her parents leave, and cries easily. Hope probably has a(n) ____ childhood disorder.

Gillian is extremely inhibited in social situations, feels inadequate, and is extremely sensitive to criticism from her family and her boss. Gillian would most likely be diagnosed as displaying ____.

Philip has been diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) . Which statement would best describe him?

Veronica is conducting research on conduct disorder in adolescents. Which research article title should she consider inaccurate, according to findings in your textbook?

The functioning of ____ appears disturbed in people with autism, which is one avenue that researchers are pursuing to help explain why these individuals seem to operate with little appreciation for what others might be thinking or feeling.

Histrionic and borderline personality disorders are part of the ____.

Little Kendra is three years old. She almost never shows any signs of recognition when her parents are around and basically ignores other people. Kendra occasionally bangs her head repeatedly. Kendra most likely has ____.

The vulnerability theory of schizophrenia suggests all of the following except that ____.

Maggie, a five-year-old, is constantly worried that she will be lost, kidnapped, or injured, or that some harm may come to Marge or Homer, her parents. Maggie clings to her mother and becomes sick or upset at the prospect of any separation. Maggie is most likely suffering from ____.

The DSM-5 has grouped personality disorders into clusters. Paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal personality disorders make up the ____.

​ Research examining the link between childhood abuse and antisocial personality disorder has found that ____.

Which characteristic would be most likely to be exhibited by a person with narcissistic personality disorder?

Ben displays odd perceptions, thoughts, beliefs, and behaviors that occasionally resemble the symptoms of schizophrenia, but are not as disturbed. Ben most likely has ____ personality disorder.

Research examining the link between childhood abuse and antisocial personality disorder has found that ____.