Question 1

Lola is conducting research on the intersection of psychology and law. Specifically, she wants to know how eyewitness testimony can be affected by the way that police officers and attorneys phrase their questions. Lola is interested in the ____ subfield of psychology.​

Accepted Answer

Lola's research focuses on the intersection of psychology and law, specifically on how eyewitness testimony can be affected by the way that police officers and attorneys phrase their questions. This falls under the subfield of forensic psychology, which deals with issues related to psychology and the law. Clinical psychology deals primarily with mental health diagnosis and treatment, developmental psychology focuses on human development over the lifespan, and cognitive psychology deals with mental processes such as perception, attention, and memory.

Question 2

A psychologist who wants to know what relaxation techniques improve athletic ability is most likely a(n)____ psychologist.​

Accepted Answer

A psychologist who wants to know what relaxation techniques improve athletic ability would fall under the category of a sport psychologist, who specialize in the psychological aspects of sports performance. Experimental psychologists conduct research to test hypotheses and theories, biological psychologists focus on the biological basis of behavior, and personality psychologists study individual differences in personality traits and characteristics.

Question 3

Edward and his team develop architectural designs for university residence halls. The goal of their designs is to promote collaborative learning among students while maintaining a sense of individual privacy and comfort. To ensure his plans will meet his goals, Edward has most likely consulted with a(n)____ psychologist.​

Accepted Answer

An environmental psychologist studies the relationship between people and their physical environments. Edward's goal of creating a design that promotes collaborative learning while maintaining individual privacy and comfort requires a thorough understanding of how the physical environment affects people's behavior and well-being. An environmental psychologist can help Edward ensure that his design achieves these goals.

Question 4

As a biological psychologist, Dr. Arztoften collaborates with his colleagues in the fields of genetics, computer science, and neurophysiology. These researchers from different disciplines all work within the larger field of ____.​

Accepted Answer

Dr. Arztoften's collaboration with colleagues in genetics, computer science, and neurophysiology indicates that they are all working within the larger field of neuroscience, which combines various disciplines to study the nervous system and behavior. Psychoneuroimmunology is a subfield of neuroscience that focuses on the interaction between the nervous system, the immune system, and behavior. Community psychology is a separate field that emphasizes the importance of social and environmental factors in individual and community well-being. Physiological psychology is an outdated term that has been replaced by the field of behavioral neuroscience, which also falls under the broader umbrella of neuroscience.

Question 5

For the summer, Hailey obtains an assistant position for a research team of health psychologists. The focus of their research will most likely investigate the relationship between____.​

Accepted Answer

The research team is composed of health psychologists and the focus of their research is on the relationship between coping with cancer and its effect on family relationships.

Question 6

As an undergraduate psychology major, Carl has developed a strong desire to study behavior and mental processes, in particular human performance. During an internship at a local business, Carl is intrigued with how a manager's interpersonal style can affect the workers' motivation. The field of ____ psychology would be most applicable to Carl's interests.​

Accepted Answer

Industrial and organizational psychology specifically focuses on studying behavior and mental processes in the workplace, including how a manager's interpersonal style can impact employee motivation. This aligns with Carl's interests in human performance within a business setting. Personality psychology focuses on understanding individual differences in behavior, cognitive psychology focuses on mental processes such as perception and attention, and educational psychology focuses on learning and instructional processes.

Question 7

Julene is applying to graduate school in psychology. She wants to study ways to test children for learning disabilities so that they can be placed into special education programs. Julene should apply to graduate programs that specialize in ____ psychology.​

Accepted Answer

School psychology is the subfield of psychology that focuses on the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of students with learning difficulties or behavioral problems at school. This field aims to improve the academic, social, and emotional functioning of students in both regular and special education programs. School psychologists also work closely with teachers, parents, and other professionals to enhance the educational environment and support the needs of diverse learners. As such, Julene would likely benefit from a graduate program in school psychology to pursue her research interests in testing children for learning disabilities in order to facilitate appropriate educational interventions.

Question 8

The difference between a school psychologist and an educational psychologist is that a school psychologist ____.​

Accepted Answer

A school psychologist is focused on helping individual students with their mental health and behavioral problems, while an educational psychologist is more concerned with research on effective curricula and instructional methods. Therefore, the school psychologist is more directly involved with individual students.

Question 9

Dr. Branaman's study investigates the relationship between offices with large windows and workers' productivity. Dr. Branaman is most likely a(n)____ psychologist.​

Accepted Answer

Dr. Branaman's study focuses on the environment of the workplace and its effect on productivity, indicating that she is most likely an environmental psychologist. Other options such as educational or counseling psychologists would focus on factors such as learning or mental health, respectively, and their impact on behavior. A community psychologist would focus on the social and cultural factors influencing behavior in groups or communities, which does not align with the topic of the study.

Question 10

Dr. McGufficke's research indicates that twenty minutes of exercise done three times a week positively affects people's emotions as well as their overall fitness. Dr. McGufficke is a(n)____ psychologist.​

Accepted Answer

Dr. McGufficke's research focuses on the impact of exercise on people's physical and emotional health, making them a health psychologist.

Question 11

Scientific psychology is empirical because it relies on information from ____.​

Accepted Answer

Scientific psychology is based on empirical data that comes from experience and observation. Psychologists gather data through various research methods such as experiments, surveys, and observation to analyze and draw conclusions about human behavior and mental processes. Deductive reasoning, reflection, and mathematical proofs may be used to support empirical data, but they are not the primary sources of information in scientific psychology.

Question 12

Although psychology contains diverse subfields and approaches, two factors provide unity. One of these factors is that ____.​

Accepted Answer

Psychologists in every subfield draw on and contribute to knowledge from other subfields, which provides unity in psychology. While psychologists may have diverse interests, activities, and values, they still share a common foundation of knowledge and ideas. Empirical research methods are also fundamental to psychology, making option D incorrect. Option B is also incorrect as not every psychologist performs research in many subfields, as some may specialize in a specific area.

Question 13

The tasks of a(n)____ psychologist include improving supervisors' leadership skills, creating maximum-efficiency work groups, and suggesting other research-based programs designed to increase efficiency.​

Accepted Answer

The tasks mentioned, such as improving leadership skills and creating efficient work groups, fall under the domain of industrial and organizational psychology. Clinical psychology deals with the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders, experimental psychology focuses on conducting research, and developmental psychology studies the physical, cognitive, and socioemotional development of individuals throughout their lifespan.

Question 14

Chandra has gathered data from several studies investigating the relative effects of heredity and environment on an individual's level of well-being. Chandra uses various statistical methods on the data in hopes of finding significant results. Chandra must be a ____ psychologist.​

Accepted Answer

Chandra's use of statistical methods on data to find significant results indicates that she is a quantitative psychologist. This field focuses on using statistical and mathematical methods to study behavior and mental processes.

Question 15

A researcher interested in measuring characteristics such as agreeableness or openness to experience would probably be a ____ psychologist.​

Accepted Answer

A researcher interested in measuring characteristics such as agreeableness or openness to experience would probably be a personality psychologist. Personality psychology focuses on understanding the patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that make each individual unique, and includes the study of traits such as agreeableness and openness to experience. Developmental psychology examines the changes that occur across the lifespan, social psychology focuses on the influence of social situations on behavior, and clinical psychology is concerned with the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of mental illness.

Question 16

J. B., a tennis player, finds it difficult to concentrate when playing against a higher ranked opponent. Whom should J. B. hire to help him focus his attention?​

Accepted Answer

A sport psychologist specializes in helping athletes improve their performance by addressing mental aspects of the game, such as focus and concentration. Therefore, a sport psychologist would be the best choice to help J. B. with his focus issues during tennis matches.

Question 17

A high profile murder has taken place in the town of Rolling River. At the criminal trial, a ____psychologist testifies that the defendant fits the profile for the crime committed.​

Accepted Answer

A forensic psychologist specializes in applying psychological knowledge to legal matters, including criminal trials. In this case, the forensic psychologist would be testifying about their analysis of the defendant's behaviors and characteristics, and how they match the profile of someone who would commit the murder in question. Social, experimental, and biological psychologists would not likely have the expertise necessary to provide this type of testimony.

Question 18

Camara just took a test that attempts to identify people who are likely to be honest and trustworthy employees. Camara's test was most likely created by a____ psychologist.​

Accepted Answer

A personality psychologist would be most likely to create a test that focuses on identifying specific traits and characteristics that are associated with honesty and trustworthiness, such as conscientiousness and agreeableness. Clinical psychologists focus more on diagnosing and treating mental illnesses, developmental psychologists study how individuals grow and change over time, and cognitive psychologists are interested in how people process and interpret information.

Question 19

Dr. Bothwell's research finds a correlation between frequency of touching another person during conversations and perceived attractiveness of the person doing the touching. You would most likely find Dr. Bothwell's work reported in a journal that publishes research in ____ psychology.​

Accepted Answer

Dr. Bothwell's research focuses on the correlation between frequency of touching during conversations and perceived attractiveness, which falls under the category of social psychology. Social psychology deals with how people interact with each other in social situations, and the impact of social norms and culture on behavior. Therefore, the most likely journal to publish Dr. Bothwell's research would be in the field of social psychology.

Question 20

To attempt to discover why some adolescents begin using drugs and alcohol, a social psychologist would most likely study the ____.​

Accepted Answer

Social psychologists study how social influence, including peer pressure, may lead to substance use in adolescents. They also examine the impact of media role models on adolescents' attitudes and decision-making processes. This approach focuses on external factors that may contribute to substance abuse. Options B, C, and D take a different approach, focusing on internal or innate factors that may contribute to substance use.

Quiz 1: Introduction to the Science of Psychology

Lola is conducting research on the intersection of psychology and law. Specifically, she wants to know how eyewitness testimony can be affected by the way that police officers and attorneys phrase their questions. Lola is interested in the ____ subfield of psychology.

A psychologist who wants to know what relaxation techniques improve athletic ability is most likely a(n) ____ psychologist.

As a biological psychologist, Dr. Arztoften collaborates with his colleagues in the fields of genetics, computer science, and neurophysiology. These researchers from different disciplines all work within the larger field of ____.

For the summer, Hailey obtains an assistant position for a research team of health psychologists. The focus of their research will most likely investigate the relationship between____.

Julene is applying to graduate school in psychology. She wants to study ways to test children for learning disabilities so that they can be placed into special education programs. Julene should apply to graduate programs that specialize in ____ psychology.

The difference between a school psychologist and an educational psychologist is that a school psychologist ____.

Dr. Branaman's study investigates the relationship between offices with large windows and workers' productivity. Dr. Branaman is most likely a(n) ____ psychologist.

Dr. McGufficke's research indicates that twenty minutes of exercise done three times a week positively affects people's emotions as well as their overall fitness. Dr. McGufficke is a(n) ____ psychologist.

Scientific psychology is empirical because it relies on information from ____.

Although psychology contains diverse subfields and approaches, two factors provide unity. One of these factors is that ____.

The tasks of a(n) ____ psychologist include improving supervisors' leadership skills, creating maximum-efficiency work groups, and suggesting other research-based programs designed to increase efficiency.

Chandra has gathered data from several studies investigating the relative effects of heredity and environment on an individual's level of well-being. Chandra uses various statistical methods on the data in hopes of finding significant results. Chandra must be a ____ psychologist.

A researcher interested in measuring characteristics such as agreeableness or openness to experience would probably be a ____ psychologist.

J. B., a tennis player, finds it difficult to concentrate when playing against a higher ranked opponent. Whom should J. B. hire to help him focus his attention?

A high profile murder has taken place in the town of Rolling River. At the criminal trial, a ____psychologist testifies that the defendant fits the profile for the crime committed.

Camara just took a test that attempts to identify people who are likely to be honest and trustworthy employees. Camara's test was most likely created by a____ psychologist.

Dr. Bothwell's research finds a correlation between frequency of touching another person during conversations and perceived attractiveness of the person doing the touching. You would most likely find Dr. Bothwell's work reported in a journal that publishes research in ____ psychology.

To attempt to discover why some adolescents begin using drugs and alcohol, a social psychologist would most likely study the ____.