Question 1

Which of the following isNOTan advantage of intelligence tests over  ​

Accepted Answer

Intelligence tests provide a quantitative measure of performance, rather than a non-quantifiable estimate. Therefore, option C is not an advantage of intelligence tests over other assessment methods. Options A, B, and D are all advantages of intelligence tests over other assessment methods.

Question 2

Kiana scored in the 90th percentile on a standardized intelligence test. Based on this information, Kiana may have better potential than most of her classmates for which types of jobs? ​

Accepted Answer

The answer of Kiana scored in the 90th percentile on...

Question 3

Which problem is still an issue with modern IQ tests? ​

Accepted Answer

Many modern IQ tests still draw heavily from the vocabulary and experiences of the dominant middle-class culture, making it difficult for individuals from different backgrounds to perform well on the tests. This has been criticized as being a form of cultural bias that unfairly disadvantages certain groups.

Question 4

Cal Critic does not like intelligence tests and loves to talk about all the problems that intelligence testing involves. Which of Cal's criticisms would NOT be accurate? ​

Accepted Answer

Intelligence tests, despite their limitations, have been shown to predict academic and job performance to a significant degree. They are often used as one of the indicators for success in the workplace.

Question 5

Ebony took the Aptitude to Succeed in College (ASC)test when she was a high school senior and scored very low. She went to college anyway and graduated with an A average. For kicks, she takes the ASC again during her senior year in college. Again, she scores very low on it. Therefore, we can reasonably assume that the ASC has good statistical____but poor statistical____. ​

Accepted Answer

The ASC test has good statistical reliability because it consistently produced a low score for Ebony both times she took it. However, it has poor statistical validity because her actual success in college, as evidenced by her high GPA, does not align with the low score she received on the ASC.

Question 6

All of the following are valid criticisms of intelligence tests except for one. Which is the exception? ​

Accepted Answer

Intelligence tests are actually designed to predict academic performance, making them useful tools for forecasting success in school. This is their primary purpose, and they have been shown to be effective in this regard.

Question 7

When Yanping entered college, she was unsure about which major to choose. She took a vocational interest test that indicated that she was highly analytic and should choose a math-based major. This spring she will graduate with honors with a mechanical engineering degree. The test Yanping took appears to have good ____validity. ​

Accepted Answer

The test Yanping took was a vocational interest test that indicated a future outcome (what major to choose). Therefore, it would have predictive validity - the ability of a test to predict future performance or behavior. Content validity refers to the extent to which a test measures what it is supposed to measure. Split-half and concurrent validity are types of reliability, which refer to the consistency of a test across different measures or over time.

Question 8

Noah is outlining a paper on the fairness of intelligence tests. He has come up with several possible titles and has asked for your opinion. You like three of the titles. Which title would you advise as being inaccurate or irrelevant? ​

Accepted Answer

The answer of Noah is outlining a paper on the...

Question 9

Smedley has a theory that intelligence is related to body temperature. He uses an oral thermometer to measure intelligence. His data most likely have____ statistical reliability and ____ statistical validity. ​

Accepted Answer

Using an oral thermometer to measure intelligence is not a valid measure, so the statistical validity is poor. However, if Smedley consistently obtains the same temperature readings for the same person, his data have good statistical reliability. Therefore, choice D, good reliability and poor validity, is the best option.

Question 10

Researchers conduct the same experiment fifteen times, and each time,they obtain the same results. We can conclude that their data are probably ____. ​

Accepted Answer

Since the experiment was conducted multiple times with the same results, it can be concluded that the data is reliable. However, this does not necessarily mean that the data is valid or unbiased. Archival data refers to pre-existing data that is not gathered specifically for the current research project, but this is not relevant to the scenario described.

Question 11

Katrina receives a 740 on her math SAT. She decides to take the SAT again and receives a 720. The reason the scores are so similar is because the SAT has high ____. ​

Accepted Answer

Statistical reliability refers to the consistency and stability of test scores over time or across different versions of the test. In Katrina's case, her SAT scores were consistent and reliable, as her scores were only 20 points apart despite taking the test twice. This suggests that the SAT has high statistical reliability. Option B (statistical validity) refers to whether a test measures what it claims to measure, which is not relevant to Katrina's situation. Option C (objectivity) refers to the extent to which a test is free from bias or subjective judgments, which is also not relevant to Katrina's situation. Option D (predictability) refers to the extent to which a test can predict future performance or outcomes, which is not addressed in the given scenario.

Question 12

Which statement is false regarding intelligence tests? ​

Accepted Answer

The statement that IQ scores obtained before the age of seven typically correlate highly with scores on IQ tests given later is true, not false. Therefore, the false statement is A.

Question 13

If the scores for the computer-administered Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT)correlate highly with first-year college grade-point average, then the computer versions of the test would be said to have good ____. ​

Accepted Answer

Predictive validity refers to the extent to which a test score predicts performance in a future situation. In this case, the SAT scores are being used to predict college GPA, which is a future situation. Therefore, if the scores correlate highly with college GPA, the computer versions of the test would have good predictive validity.

Question 14

Nowhere State University depends primarily on shoe size, rather than the SAT, for admissions purposes. Their dropout rate is rather high. Shoe size is probably not an effective predictor of success in college because it lacks ____. ​

Accepted Answer

Statistical validity refers to whether a measure accurately represents the concept it is intended to measure. In this case, shoe size is not a valid measure of a student's potential for success in college. While motivation and cultural relevance could also be factors, they are not directly related to the issue of whether a measure is effective in predicting success in college.

Question 15

Researchers are in the process of developing a new college entrance exam. They want to ensure that wherever the test is given, it will be administered, scored, and interpreted in the same manner. In other words, the researchers are concerned with ____. ​

Accepted Answer

Standardization refers to the process of making sure the test is administered, scored, and interpreted consistently across different locations and exam takers. This ensures that the results are reliable and valid. Statistical reliability (B) and validity (D) are related concepts, but do not directly address the concern of consistency across different testing environments. Quantification (C) refers to the process of measuring and assigning numerical values to data or variables, which is not directly relevant to the development of a standardized test.

Question 16

Norms for a new test of mental ability were obtained from a large sample of the general population. The mean of the test was set to 100 and the standard deviation was 15. Approximately what percentage of the population would fall within the range bounded by scores of 85 and 115? ​

Accepted Answer

The range falls within one standard deviation of the mean (100-15=85 and 100+15=115). Approximately 68% of the population falls within one standard deviation of the mean in a normal distribution.

Question 17

Gog embezzled money from his fraternity. His defense lawyer states that Gog has an IQ of 80 and therefore could not have designed the complex plan used to empty his fraternity's emergency fund. The jurors are convinced, and they acquit Gog. The jurors' mistake was that they were not aware that IQ scores ____. ​

Accepted Answer

IQ scores are not good predictors of problem-solving ability, as problem-solving involves a combination of cognitive abilities such as critical thinking, creativity, and practical reasoning, which cannot be fully captured by IQ tests. Therefore, the jurors' assumption that Gog's low IQ would make it impossible for him to come up with a complex plan to embezzle money was a mistake.

Question 18

Alexandria wants to use a personality test as part of her honors thesis. She knows that existing tests provide many benefits, such as having established norms. A norm is important because it is a ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A norm is a description of the frequency of particular scores on a test or measure. This allows the test-taker's score to be compared to others who have taken the same test, giving a sense of how the individual's score compares to others in the population. Norms are especially useful in personality tests, where individual results can be difficult to interpret without a reference group.

Question 19

Dr. Sandifer administers her test to a large group of high school seniors. She then administers the same test two weeks later to the same group and finds a high correlation between the first and second scores. This means that her test ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A high correlation between scores on the same test administered two weeks apart indicates that the test is statistically reliable, meaning it produces consistent results over time. However, this correlation does not necessarily indicate predictive validity, which would require evidence that scores on the test are related to some future outcome (such as college success). Valid norms and standardization are important for ensuring that test scores can be meaningfully compared across different groups of people, but they are not directly related to the issue of test-retest reliability.

Question 20

During a class discussion on intelligence tests, the instructor asks students to think about the factors that may affect a test taker's score, such as physical disabilities, language differences, or situational variables. The instructor is asking her class to debate the ____of intelligence tests. ​

Accepted Answer

The instructor is asking students to debate the fairness of intelligence tests, as they are considering how certain factors, such as physical disabilities or language barriers, may impact a test taker's score. This suggests that the instructor wants the class to consider whether or not the test is fair for all individuals, regardless of their circumstances.

Quiz 8: Intelligence

Which of the following isNOTan advantage of intelligence tests over

Kiana scored in the 90th percentile on a standardized intelligence test. Based on this information, Kiana may have better potential than most of her classmates for which types of jobs?

Which problem is still an issue with modern IQ tests?

Cal Critic does not like intelligence tests and loves to talk about all the problems that intelligence testing involves. Which of Cal's criticisms would NOT be accurate?

All of the following are valid criticisms of intelligence tests except for one. Which is the exception?

Noah is outlining a paper on the fairness of intelligence tests. He has come up with several possible titles and has asked for your opinion. You like three of the titles. Which title would you advise as being inaccurate or irrelevant?

Smedley has a theory that intelligence is related to body temperature. He uses an oral thermometer to measure intelligence. His data most likely have statistical reliability and statistical validity.

Researchers conduct the same experiment fifteen times, and each time,they obtain the same results. We can conclude that their data are probably ____.

Katrina receives a 740 on her math SAT. She decides to take the SAT again and receives a 720. The reason the scores are so similar is because the SAT has high ____.

Which statement is false regarding intelligence tests?

If the scores for the computer-administered Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) correlate highly with first-year college grade-point average, then the computer versions of the test would be said to have good ____.

Nowhere State University depends primarily on shoe size, rather than the SAT, for admissions purposes. Their dropout rate is rather high. Shoe size is probably not an effective predictor of success in college because it lacks ____.

Researchers are in the process of developing a new college entrance exam. They want to ensure that wherever the test is given, it will be administered, scored, and interpreted in the same manner. In other words, the researchers are concerned with ____.

Norms for a new test of mental ability were obtained from a large sample of the general population. The mean of the test was set to 100 and the standard deviation was 15. Approximately what percentage of the population would fall within the range bounded by scores of 85 and 115?

Alexandria wants to use a personality test as part of her honors thesis. She knows that existing tests provide many benefits, such as having established norms. A norm is important because it is a ____.

Dr. Sandifer administers her test to a large group of high school seniors. She then administers the same test two weeks later to the same group and finds a high correlation between the first and second scores. This means that her test ____.

During a class discussion on intelligence tests, the instructor asks students to think about the factors that may affect a test taker's score, such as physical disabilities, language differences, or situational variables. The instructor is asking her class to debate the ____of intelligence tests.