Question 1

According to Erikson's psychosocial stage theory, parents should encourage their children aged three to five years to ask questions and use their imaginations so the children will develop initiative rather than developing __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Erikson's psychosocial stage theory, parents...

Question 2

Regarding emotional attachment, which of the following statements is FALSE?
A) A mother usually does not feel attached to her baby until the baby is around two months old.
B) For the first couple of months, babies respond more or less equally to everyone.
C) By two or three months, most babies prefer their mothers to strangers.
D) By around seven months, babies generally become truly attached to their mothers, crawling after her if they can.

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. A mother usually feels attached to her baby from the moment of birth or soon after. The development of emotional attachment is a complex and gradual process that starts early in life, and the bond between a mother and her child typically grows stronger over time.

Question 3

You are about to start your first teaching job as a fourth grade teacher. Your sister teaches tenth grade social studies. Using Erikson's theory, describe the psychosocial dilemmas that most of the students will be facing in your class and in your sister's. In addition, explain the problems that may be faced by the adolescents of ethnic descent in your sister's class.

Accepted Answer

The answer of You are about to start your first...

Question 4

Describe the five reactions to impending death as outlined by Kübler-Ross, and explain how this information on the typical reactions can be used to help those who are dying, their loved ones, and ourselves.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the five reactions to impending death...

Question 5

Failure to resolve the tasks of middle adulthood leads a person to be concerned for only his or her own needs and comforts, which Erikson referred to as __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Failure to resolve the tasks of middle...

Question 6

According to Ryff, autonomy (personal freedom), self-acceptance, and environmental mastery are three of the six elements of __________ during adulthood.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Ryff, autonomy (personal freedom), self-acceptance,...

Question 7

According to Erikson, a child entering adolescence can expect the major developmental task to center around the need to achieve intimacy with another.

Accepted Answer

Erikson identified the major developmental task of adolescence as achieving identity versus role confusion, not intimacy, which is the focus of young adulthood.

Question 8

One cost of early maturation during adolescence is that it may force premature __________ formation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One cost of early maturation during adolescence...

Question 9

Discrimination or prejudice on the basis of age is called __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discrimination or prejudice on the basis of...

Question 10

Two-year-old Mario wants to dress, eat, and walk without his mother's assistance. Erikson would say that the child is operating at the stage of industry versus inferiority.

Accepted Answer

The description of Mario's actions relate more to the stage of autonomy versus shame and doubt, where the child wants to do things independently without feeling ashamed or doubtful of their abilities. The industry versus inferiority stage occurs during middle childhood, where children strive to develop competence and skills in various areas.

Question 11

People who are dying often feel __________ and separated from the people in their lives.

Accepted Answer

The answer of People who are dying often feel __________...

Question 12

With aging, there is a gradual decline of crystallized abilities, but not of fluid abilities.

Accepted Answer

With aging, both crystallized and fluid abilities decline, although fluid abilities tend to decline at a faster rate.

Question 13

According to Kübler-Ross, the generally-accepted order of emotional reactions in preparing for death is anger, depression, bargaining, denial and isolation, and acceptance.

Accepted Answer

The Kübler-Ross model, often referred to as the stages of grief, originally presents the order as denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance.

Question 14

Jasmine does not copy other students' homework nor does she cheat on tests because she does not want to receive a zero on the homework or test. Jasmine is exhibiting Kohlberg's moral development level known as __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Jasmine does not copy other students' homework...

Question 15

It is more common to "survive a crisis" at midlife than it is to make a "midcourse correction."

Accepted Answer

The statement is incorrect. It is more common to make a "midcourse correction" than to simply "survive a crisis" at midlife. Research suggests that the midlife transition often involves a reevaluation of one's goals and values, and a desire to make changes to create a more fulfilling life.

Question 16

According to Kübler-Ross, the reaction to impending death in which the person is neither happy nor sad, but is at peace with the inevitable is referred to as the stage of __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Kübler-Ross, the reaction to impending...

Question 17

According to Kohlberg, older children and most adults exhibit moral development at the __________ level.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Kohlberg, older children and most...

Question 18

According to Kohlberg, the conventional level is based on self-interest and avoiding punishment.

Accepted Answer

According to Kohlberg, the conventional level is characterized by adherence to social norms and rules and maintaining social order, rather than solely self-interest and punishment avoidance.

Question 19

Adolescence is the same as the developmental period known as puberty.

Accepted Answer

Puberty refers to the physical changes that occur during adolescence, but adolescence also involves social, emotional, and cognitive development. Therefore, adolescence is a broader term than puberty.

Question 20

Several elementary, junior high, and high school students are presented with a moral dilemma involving a young man whose best friend asks him to help him cheat on the upcoming history test. Using Kohlberg's theory, explain the level each of the different age students would most likely be in and how each might respond to this dilemma.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Several elementary, junior high, and high school...

Quiz 3: Human Development