Question 1

Under the provisions of the ADA, under what circumstances could a business refuse to hire an applicant?

Accepted Answer

A business can refuse to hire an applicant if they are unqualified for the job. However, the qualifications must be job-related and not based on the applicant's disability. The other options given are not valid reasons for refusal to hire under the provisions of the ADA.

Question 2

Compensation through time or money or a formal apology to make amends for a past transgression or harm is known as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Reparation refers to compensation through time or money or a formal apology to make amends for a past transgression or harm. Accommodation refers to an adjustment or adaptation made to meet a need or request, rendition refers to the act of delivering someone or something to a particular destination, reciprocity refers to the exchange of goods, services, or other benefits between two parties, and abolition refers to the act of ending or eliminating a system or practice, especially one considered morally or legally unacceptable.

Question 3

Members of which group have received reparations in the form of monetary compensation?

Accepted Answer

Japanese Americans who were interned or their heirs received reparations in the form of monetary compensation through the Civil Liberties Act of 1988. None of the other groups have received similar monetary reparations.

Question 4

The fact that President Roosevelt ordered the placement of Japanese Americans in relocation camps (and the order was upheld in Korematsu v. United States), yet German Americans were not rounded up (despite pro-Nazi groups), suggests which of the following?

Accepted Answer

This suggests that racial animosity was more important than security concerns, as Japanese Americans were targeted solely based on their race and ethnicity, while German Americans were not.

Question 5

The riot at the Stonewall Inn that began the modern movement for equality for gay males and lesbians was sparked by what?

Accepted Answer

The riot at the Stonewall Inn was sparked by a police raid on the bar, which was a popular gathering place for gay men and lesbians in New York City. The patrons of the bar, tired of being harassed and persecuted by the police, fought back and the resulting riot lasted for several nights. This event is considered the beginning of the modern movement for equality for gay males and lesbians in the United States.

Question 6

The Supreme Court has issued decisions related to the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) that have done which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Supreme Court has issued decisions related...

Question 7

Persons with disabilities were first granted protection under what congressional act?

Accepted Answer

The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 was the first major legislative effort to secure equal rights for individuals with disabilities, prohibiting discrimination on the basis of disability in programs conducted by federal agencies.

Question 8

If a white female applies to a college that has a limited number of slots in its accelerated BSN (Nursing) program but is denied admission, only to later discover that her academic record was better than that of the male and minority applicants who had been admitted, on what grounds might she sue the college, based on the Bakke case?

Accepted Answer

The Bakke case established that affirmative action programs cannot use quotas or set-asides, and cannot discriminate against non-minority applicants solely on the basis of race or ethnicity. If the white female can prove that she was denied admission solely because of her race, and that less-qualified minority applicants were admitted instead, she may have grounds to sue for reverse discrimination.

Question 9

Which of the following is a provision of the Affordable Care Act that applies to people living with disabilities?

Accepted Answer

The provision of the Affordable Care Act that applies to people living with disabilities is that people with preexisting conditions cannot be denied health insurance. This means that individuals with disabilities cannot be charged higher premiums or denied coverage based on their preexisting conditions.

Question 10

What does the Supreme Court ruling in the Bakke case state?

Accepted Answer

The Supreme Court ruling in the Bakke case stated that race cannot be the sole factor in admissions decisions. However, the decision did not declare all affirmative action programs unconstitutional or prohibit the use of race as a factor in admissions decisions altogether.

Question 11

If you worked with an organization seeking reparations for African Americans for past treatment, why might you be disappointed by the resolutions issued by Congress in 2008 and 2009?

Accepted Answer

The resolutions issued by Congress in 2008 and 2009 included formal apologies for slavery and Jim Crow laws but did not include any financial compensation for African Americans.

Question 12

Installing wheelchair ramps and establishing flexible work hours are examples of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Installing wheelchair ramps and establishing flexible work hours are examples of reasonable accommodations, which are adjustments made in the workplace or other settings that enable individuals with disabilities to have equal opportunities and access to the same benefits and services as others. Affirmative action refers to policies and practices aimed at correcting past discrimination and promoting diversity, while restitution, reparations, and reciprocity all refer to forms of compensation or restitution for past harms or injustices.

Question 13

An individual with a physical disability is applying for a job. According to the ADA, a potential employer will have to make accommodations for this individual under what circumstances?

Accepted Answer

Under the ADA, an employer must make reasonable accommodations for individuals with disabilities if the disability substantially limits a major life activity, such as walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, or breathing. The accommodations must enable the individual to perform the essential functions of the job. If the disability does not substantially limit a major life activity, the employer is not required to make accommodations.

Question 14

In 1975, if someone was turned down for a job at a private company because she was in a wheelchair and the company was not wheelchair accessible, could she have taken action against the company under the provisions of the Rehabilitation Act?

Accepted Answer

The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 only applied to programs or activities that received federal funding or assistance. Since the private company mentioned in the question did not receive federal aid, the individual could not have taken action under the provisions of the act. The act also did not include mandates for private employers or regulations for ramps and elevators in 1975, although it did later include these provisions through amendments. The act also addressed issues beyond education for children with disabilities. Therefore, choices A, B, D, and E are incorrect.

Question 15

Your friend was part of an organization that encouraged Senator Sam Brownback to convince Congress to issue reparations in the form of a formal apology. Your friend was working on behalf of what minority group?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Your friend was part of an organization...

Question 16

The controversy surrounding affirmative action programs has manifested in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

State ballot initiatives have been used to allow voters to approve or ban affirmative action efforts in their respective states. This has been a common way to address the controversy surrounding affirmative action programs. Congress has not developed legislation to expand or redefine quotas, and Supreme Court rulings have not universally abolished affirmative action programs. President Obama did not issue an executive order to prohibit preferential treatment of racial minorities and women, and the Department of Labor does not mandate state-run educational programs about affirmative action initiatives.

Question 17

When did the modern movement for LGBTQ rights begin?

Accepted Answer

The modern movement for LGBTQ rights is generally considered to have begun with the Stonewall riots in 1969. While there were earlier instances of activism and organizing, such as the homophile movement in the 1950s, it was the events at the Stonewall Inn that galvanized a more militant and visible movement for LGBTQ equality.

Question 18

If a 57-year-old man who has had no performance issues on the job is fired after being told the position is being eliminated, only to learn that the same position is filled three weeks later by a 40-year-old, what legal action can be taken?

Accepted Answer

The man can bring a suit under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA), as it is illegal to discriminate against someone based on their age in employment decisions, including termination and hiring. The fact that a younger person was hired after the older man's termination may suggest age discrimination.

Question 19

In which of the following cases did the Supreme Court hold that a condition that can be corrected with medication or a corrective device is not considered a disability under the ADA?

Accepted Answer

In Sutton v. United Airlines, the Supreme Court held that a condition that can be corrected with medication or a corrective device, such as nearsightedness, is not considered a disability under the ADA.

Question 20

Your friend was part of an organization that lobbied Congress and eventually saw some success in 2008 when the House passed a resolution offering a formal apology for past injustices. Your friend was working on behalf of what minority group?

Accepted Answer

In 2008, the U.S. House of Representatives passed a resolution formally apologizing to African Americans for slavery and Jim Crow laws.

Quiz 5: Civil Rights