The Supreme Court first dealt with affirmative action in Regents of the University of California vs.Bakke,and this led to questions including all of the following except:

Question

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The first affirmative action case to reach the U.S. Supreme Court, Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, involved affirmative action in medical school admissions, rather than employment. While endorsing the concept of affirmative action to further the educational goal of a diverse student body, the Court struck down the University of California's affirmative action plan because it set aside a certain number of places for "disadvantaged students," who also could compete for the other spaces. This led to questions whether a similar analysis applied (1) if the affirmative action plan involved private rather than state action, (2) if the plan involved a workplace rather than a university admissions program, and (3) whether voluntary affirmative action plans are permissible rather than only those required by Executive Order 11246 or imposed by a court to remedy prior discrimination that was found to have existed.

The Supreme Court First Dealt with Affirmative Action in Regents