Passage
A common misconception in medicine is that eating disorders present similarly in males and females. Research suggests that this is untrue: males meeting diagnostic criteria for eating disorders are more likely than females to have another psychiatric illness, demonstrate a later age of onset, and engage in excessive exercise. They are less likely to engage in purging behaviors, be diagnosed by clinicians, or seek treatment. When males do enter treatment, they are generally further along in the course of the illness.The classification of eating disorders in males according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) has recently been debated. Research suggests that one very common manifestation of eating disorder etiology in males, called muscle dysmorphia (MD) , includes an obsession with a larger and more muscular body, which contrasts with the thin, idealized body for females with eating disorders. Characterized as a subset of body dysmorphic disorder, MD is more recently conceptualized as part of a spectrum of eating disorders; however, it is still classified under the obsessive-compulsive and related disorders umbrella in the DSM-5.One study applied the latest DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa (AN) , bulimia nervosa (BN) , binge eating disorder (BED) , and MD to the medical records of male veterans treated in Veterans Administration (VA) hospitals across the United States from 2000 to 2015. The study (Table 1) found a significant increase in psychiatric comorbidity compared to controls (C) .Table 1 Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders for Eating Disorder and MD Cases and Controls in a National Sample of Male Veterans Treated at VA Hospitals from 2000 to 2015

-A proponent of the biopsychosocial approach to mental illness would likely consider which of the following as factors contributing to the development of an eating disorder?Images seen on television and social mediaVariations in hormones such as leptin and cortisolCo-occurring mental illnesses

Question

Passage
A common misconception in medicine is that eating disorders present similarly in males and females. Research suggests that this is untrue: males meeting diagnostic criteria for eating disorders are more likely than females to have another psychiatric illness, demonstrate a later age of onset, and engage in excessive exercise. They are less likely to engage in purging behaviors, be diagnosed by clinicians, or seek treatment. When males do enter treatment, they are generally further along in the course of the illness.The classification of eating disorders in males according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) has recently been debated. Research suggests that one very common manifestation of eating disorder etiology in males, called muscle dysmorphia (MD) , includes an obsession with a larger and more muscular body, which contrasts with the thin, idealized body for females with eating disorders. Characterized as a subset of body dysmorphic disorder, MD is more recently conceptualized as part of a spectrum of eating disorders; however, it is still classified under the obsessive-compulsive and related disorders umbrella in the DSM-5.One study applied the latest DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa (AN) , bulimia nervosa (BN) , binge eating disorder (BED) , and MD to the medical records of male veterans treated in Veterans Administration (VA) hospitals across the United States from 2000 to 2015. The study (Table 1) found a significant increase in psychiatric comorbidity compared to controls (C) .Table 1 Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders for Eating Disorder and MD Cases and Controls in a National Sample of Male Veterans Treated at VA Hospitals from 2000 to 2015

-A proponent of the biopsychosocial approach to mental illness would likely consider which of the following as factors contributing to the development of an eating disorder?Images seen on television and social mediaVariations in hormones such as leptin and cortisolCo-occurring mental illnesses

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

11ecba2d_0c67_3ddf_a3bf_93ad92d28af5_MD0008_00 Proponents of the biopsychosocial model of mental illness assert that mental illness results from the interaction between biological factors, psychological factors, and social factors. Social factors that might influence the development of mental illness include the social and cultural context in which an individual lives as well as specific factors such as socioeconomic status, family dynamics, peer groups, and major life events. Images portrayed in the media are social factors that could influence the development of an eating disorder. Biological factors that might influence the development of mental illness include genetic predisposition, hormones, neurotransmitters, anatomy, and physiology. Although potentially overlapping with other categories, certain environmental exposures to pathogens or toxins, physical trauma, and inadequate nutrition can also result in biological changes that make mental illness more likely. Psychological factors that might influence the development of mental illness include personality characteristics (eg, self-efficacy, negative thought patterns) and co-occurring mental illnesses. In contrast to the biopsychosocial approach to mental illness, the biomedical approach conceptualizes mental illness as directly resulting from chemical imbalances in the brain. The biomedical perspective emphasizes the use of pharmacological therapy to correct these imbalances. Educational objective: The biopsychosocial model of mental illness suggests that mental illness is the result of interaction between biological factors, psychological factors, and social factors. This differs from the biomedical model, which suggests that mental illness is caused by chemical imbalances in the brain.