Question 1

Some observers attribute human-like feelings and attitudes to nonhuman primates because these primates closely resemble human beings in outward physical appearance. This practice is called
A) anthropocentrism.
B) anthropomorphism.
C) egocentrism.
D) ethnocentrism.

Accepted Answer

Anthropomorphism is the attribution of human traits, emotions, or intentions to non-human entities, which is what is described in the scenario.

Question 2

A biological classification of various kinds of organisms is a(n)
A) taxonomy.
B) grouping.
C) genera.
D) anthropomorphism.

Accepted Answer

Taxonomy is the science of classifying organisms into structured categories based on shared characteristics.

Question 3

The term used in textbook for physical shape and size of an organism or its body parts is its
A) size.
B) morphology.
C) shape.
D) taxonomy.

Accepted Answer

Morphology is the study of the physical form and structure of an organism or its body parts.

Question 4

Organisms that seem to have developed similar adaptations at a similar level of complexity in similar environments are classified by as being in the same evolutionary
A) clade.
B) grade.
C) taxon.
D) species.

Accepted Answer

Organisms with similar adaptations and complexity in similar environments are classified in the same evolutionary grade, which refers to a level of evolutionary advancement or adaptation rather than a direct lineage or clade.

Question 5

Genetic inheritance due to common ancestry is called
A) homology.
B) analogy.
C) natural selection.
D) descent with modification.

Accepted Answer

Genetic inheritance due to common ancestry is called homology.

Question 6

The circumstances in which two species with very different evolutionary histories develop similar physical features as a result of adapting to a similar environment is known as a(n)
A) homology.
B) homoplasy.
C) natural selection.
D) descent with modification.

Accepted Answer

Homoplasy refers to the development of similar traits or features in species with different evolutionary backgrounds due to adaptation to similar environments, often resulting in convergent evolution.

Question 7

What a species eats, how it finds mates, raises its young, relates to companions, and protects itself from predators is known the species'
A) home base.
B) lifeway.
C) ecological niche.
D) constructed niche.

Accepted Answer

The ecological niche of a species encompasses its role in the ecosystem, including its diet, mating behaviors, parenting, social interactions, and defense mechanisms.

Question 8

The sizes, shapes, and number of an animal's teeth are referred to as the animal's
A) buccal capacity.
B) dentition.
C) dental arcade.
D) tooth rows.

Accepted Answer

The sizes, shapes, and number of an animal's teeth are referred to as the animal's dentition. Dentition is a term used to describe the arrangement, size, and shape of teeth in an animal's mouth. It can vary greatly between different species, and can be used to identify and classify animals.

Question 9

A tail which is able to grasp an object is considered
A) prehensile.
B) curly.
C) an exaptation.
D) an example of phenotypic plasticity.

Accepted Answer

A prehensile tail is one that is capable of grasping or holding objects, a trait seen in some animals like certain monkeys and opossums.

Question 10

Primates that are active at night are called
A) diurnal.
B) nocturnal.
C) undergraduates.
D) old-world monkeys.

Accepted Answer

Primates that are active at night are called nocturnal.

Question 11

Which of the following terms refers to humans and their immediate ancestors?
A) Hominoid
B) Humanoid
C) Hominin
D) Anthropoid

Accepted Answer

Hominin refers to humans and their immediate ancestors, including species that are more closely related to humans than to chimpanzees and bonobos.

Question 12

When males and females of the same species show observable phenotypic differences in, for example, size, the species is said to show
A) gender distinctiveness.
B) phenotypic magnitude.
C) sexual differentiation.
D) sexual dimorphism

Accepted Answer

Sexual dimorphism refers to the differences in size or appearance between males and females of the same species.

Question 13

The bones of the head, excluding the jaw, are referred to as the
A) noguineus.
B) mandible.
C) cranium.
D) calvarium.

Accepted Answer

The cranium refers to the bones of the head that encase the brain, excluding the jawbone (mandible).

Question 14

The mandible is the
A) lower jaw.
B) upper jaw.
C) cheekbone.
D) hole at the bottom of the skull.

Accepted Answer

The mandible is the bone that forms the lower jaw in humans and is the largest and strongest bone of the face.

Question 15

The form of vision in binocular animals which produces depth perception is known as:
A) dual.
B) retrovision.
C) three-dimensional.
D) stereoscopic vision.

Accepted Answer

Stereoscopic vision is the ability of binocular animals to perceive depth due to the combination of two slightly different images from each eye, creating a three-dimensional perception.

Question 16

The specialty in primatology that takes into consideration the welfare not just of primates but also of the ecosystems and human communities with which they are inextricably connected is called
A) paleoprimatology.
B) ecoprimatology.
C) ethnoprimatology.
D) cultural primatology.

Accepted Answer

Ethnoprimatology is the study of the interactions between humans and non-human primates, considering the welfare of both primates and the ecosystems and human communities they are connected to.

Question 17

The bones of an animal's body, not including its head, are called its
A) cranium.
B) postcranial skeleton.
C) holotype.
D) taxon.

Accepted Answer

The postcranial skeleton is the part of the skeleton that does not include the head.

Question 18

The first hominoids appeared in
A) Africa.
B) Asia.
C) South America.
D) Europe.

Accepted Answer

The first hominoids, which are the ancestors of modern apes and humans, appeared in Africa. This continent is widely regarded as the cradle of human evolution.

Question 19

Western Europeans first learned about African apes in the
A) seventeenth century.
B) eighteenth century.
C) nineteenth century.
D) twentieth century.

Accepted Answer

Western Europeans first learned about African apes in the seventeenth century through the writings of explorers and traders.

Question 20

Haplorhini include
A) tarsiers and anthropoids.
B) primates whose upper lips are not attached to their gums.
C) lorises and anthropoids.
D) reptiles and salamanders.

Accepted Answer

Haplorhini is a suborder of primates that includes tarsiers and anthropoids (monkeys, apes, and humans).

Quiz 3: What Can the Study of Primates Tell Us About Human Beings

Some observers attribute human-like feelings and attitudes to nonhuman primates because these primates closely resemble human beings in outward physical appearance. This practice is called

A biological classification of various kinds of organisms is a(n)

The term used in textbook for physical shape and size of an organism or its body parts is its

Organisms that seem to have developed similar adaptations at a similar level of complexity in similar environments are classified by as being in the same evolutionary

Genetic inheritance due to common ancestry is called

The circumstances in which two species with very different evolutionary histories develop similar physical features as a result of adapting to a similar environment is known as a(n)

What a species eats, how it finds mates, raises its young, relates to companions, and protects itself from predators is known the species'

The sizes, shapes, and number of an animal's teeth are referred to as the animal's

A tail which is able to grasp an object is considered

Primates that are active at night are called

Which of the following terms refers to humans and their immediate ancestors?

When males and females of the same species show observable phenotypic differences in, for example, size, the species is said to show

The bones of the head, excluding the jaw, are referred to as the

The mandible is the

The form of vision in binocular animals which produces depth perception is known as:

The specialty in primatology that takes into consideration the welfare not just of primates but also of the ecosystems and human communities with which they are inextricably connected is called

The bones of an animal's body, not including its head, are called its

The first hominoids appeared in

Western Europeans first learned about African apes in the

Haplorhini include