Question 1

According to Clinard and Meier (2015), which two conceptions of deviance exist in the study of deviant behavior?
A) normative and non-normative
B) objectively problematic and subjectively given
C) relativist and normative
D) folkways and mores

Accepted Answer

C

Question 2

Which of the following terms describe rules of behavior that are defined both formally and informally?
A) norms
B) laws
C) folkways
D) mores

Accepted Answer

Norms are rules of behavior that are defined both formally and informally.

Question 3

Which is considered the strongest norm?
A) folkways
B) mores
C) sanctions
D) laws

Accepted Answer

Laws are considered the strongest norm because they are formal rules established by a governing authority to regulate behavior with specific consequences or sanctions for non-compliance.

Question 4

From a social constructionist perspective, what assumptions underlie deviance?
A) Everyone is deviant to some degree.
B) Behaviors are not inherently deviant.
C) Deviance is learned from friends and siblings.
D) All forms of deviance are a normal response to stress.

Accepted Answer

Social constructionism posits that deviance is not inherent in any action but is instead defined by societal reactions and norms, meaning behaviors themselves are not inherently deviant until labeled as such by society.

Question 5

Which of the following summarizes a critical perspective on deviance?
A) The normative perspective of deviance is established by those in power to maintain and enhance their power.
B) There is no inherently deviant behavior, only behavior that society defines as deviant, a definition that varies by time, culture, and society.
C) Deviance consists of behaviors and conditions that are inherently deviant regardless of social, economic, and political conditions.
D) Deviant behavior exists along a spectrum, beginning with low-consensus deviance and ending with high-consensus deviance.

Accepted Answer

The critical perspective on deviance suggests that norms and definitions of deviance are established by those in power to maintain and enhance their power, reflecting a conflict theory approach.

Question 6

Which of the following is not part of the steps in the scientific research method?
A) research question
B) examine results and theorize
C) data and data collection methods
D) reconciling personal beliefs

Accepted Answer

Reconciling personal beliefs is not part of the scientific research method. The scientific method focuses on objective observation, experimentation, and analysis rather than personal beliefs.

Question 7

How are folkways different from mores?
A) Folkways are casual; mores are serious.
B) Folkways are for individuals; mores are for societies.
C) Mores are informally enforced; folkways are formally enforced.
D) Folkways are internalized; mores are not.

Accepted Answer

Folkways are norms for routine or casual interaction, involving everyday behavior whose violation is not very serious. Mores, on the other hand, are norms of morality and ethics, considered very important for the welfare of the society, and their violation is taken seriously.

Question 8

The purpose of the scientific method is to ______.
A) incorporate mathematical principles
B) minimize bias
C) identify flawed research
D) eliminate creative thinking

Accepted Answer

The scientific method aims to minimize bias in research by using systematic observation, measurement, and experiment, and the formulation, testing, and modification of hypotheses.

Question 9

The Fremont Solstice Parade, which involves nude bicycling, is NOT an example of deviance because ______.
A) riding bicycles in a parade is against the law
B) public nudity is accepted during the solstice parade
C) children are present
D) nude bicycling is uncomfortable

Accepted Answer

Public nudity is accepted during the solstice parade, which means it does not violate the norms of that specific context, thus it is not considered deviant behavior in this scenario.

Question 10

Which statement summarizes the social constructionist and reactionist/relativist perspectives on deviance?
A) Deviance is both normative and non-normative.
B) Deviance can be positive.
C) Deviance is subjectively defined.
D) Deviance includes folkways, mores, and laws.

Accepted Answer

The social constructionist and reactionist/relativist perspectives emphasize that deviance is defined by societal reactions and cultural context, making it a subjective concept rather than an objective, inherent characteristic of actions or behaviors.

Question 11

Norms against spitting on the sidewalk are ______; norms against murder are ______.
A) casual; critical
B) folkways; mores
C) reactionist; critical
D) relativist; reactionist

Accepted Answer

Norms against spitting on the sidewalk are considered folkways, which are norms for routine or casual interaction. Norms against murder are considered mores, which are norms that are seen as necessary to the welfare of society.

Question 12

What does the sociological imagination help us understand?
A) individual responsibility
B) the role creativity plays in society
C) how society changes over time
D) how social forces influence individuals

Accepted Answer

The sociological imagination, a concept introduced by C. Wright Mills, enables us to grasp the connection between individual lives and the larger social forces that shape them. It helps us understand how personal experiences are influenced by societal structures and historical contexts.

Question 13

What is the role of sociological theories in understanding deviance?
A) They categorize various forms of deviance.
B) They encourage us to see everyone as normal.
C) They clearly differentiate deviant individuals from everyone else.
D) They help us think systematically about deviance.

Accepted Answer

Sociological theories provide frameworks to systematically analyze and understand the social contexts and structures that contribute to deviant behavior.

Question 14

What assumption underlies the normative conception of deviance?
A) The powerful define what behavior constitutes deviance.
B) There are generally accepted norms guiding behavior.
C) Deviance is defined subjectively, not objectively.
D) A certain amount of deviance is a normal part of society.

Accepted Answer

The normative conception of deviance is based on the assumption that there are generally accepted norms or standards guiding behavior in society, and deviations from these norms are considered deviant.

Question 15

A relativist approaches the study of deviance by studying ______.
A) how norms are created
B) how people learn deviant behavior
C) why deviants violate norms
D) who breaks laws

Accepted Answer

A relativist approaches the study of deviance by examining how norms are created, as they believe that deviance is relative to the norms and values of a particular society or culture.

Question 16

Dr. Alucard studies deviant behavior from a ______ perspective, focusing on how the current social system creates norms to protect those in power.
A) positivist
B) constructionist
C) critical
D) normative

Accepted Answer

The critical perspective in sociology focuses on critiquing and changing society as a whole, in contrast to merely explaining or understanding it. It emphasizes the role of power and inequality in shaping social norms and institutions, which aligns with the description of Dr. Alucard's focus on how the current social system creates norms to protect those in power.

Question 17

Contrasting the acceptance of public nudity at the Fremont Solstice Parade with the arrest of a serial flasher illustrates that ______.
A) deviance is relative
B) some behavior is always deviant
C) criminals commit deviant behavior
D) flashing should be legal

Accepted Answer

Deviance is relative, meaning what is considered deviant behavior can vary greatly depending on the context or the societal norms of a particular group or setting. The acceptance of nudity in the context of the Fremont Solstice Parade versus the criminalization of a serial flasher highlights how the same act (nudity) can be interpreted differently depending on the situation and societal norms.

Question 18

According to Thio, Taylor, and Schwartz (2012), what two ways can we view deviance?
A) social and individual
B) positive and social constructionist
C) constructivist and critical
D) normative and relativistic

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Thio, Taylor, and Schwartz (2012),...

Question 19

Which term refers to "moral" norms?
A) deviance
B) laws
C) folkways
D) mores

Accepted Answer

Mores are norms that embody the moral views and principles of a group, guiding what is considered right and wrong within that society.

Question 20

Assuming that people who engage in deviant behavior are sick or mentally ill ______.
A) normalizes illegal behavior
B) sociologically imagines norms
C) socially constructs deviance
D) pathologizes individuals

Accepted Answer

Pathologizing individuals means treating or considering them as inherently sick, flawed, or abnormal due to their behavior or characteristics, which aligns with the assumption that deviant behavior indicates mental illness.

Quiz 1: Introduction to Deviance

According to Clinard and Meier (2015) , which two conceptions of deviance exist in the study of deviant behavior?

Which of the following terms describe rules of behavior that are defined both formally and informally?

Which is considered the strongest norm?

From a social constructionist perspective, what assumptions underlie deviance?

Which of the following summarizes a critical perspective on deviance?

Which of the following is not part of the steps in the scientific research method?

How are folkways different from mores?

The purpose of the scientific method is to ______.

The Fremont Solstice Parade, which involves nude bicycling, is NOT an example of deviance because ______.

Which statement summarizes the social constructionist and reactionist/relativist perspectives on deviance?

Norms against spitting on the sidewalk are ; norms against murder are .

What does the sociological imagination help us understand?

What is the role of sociological theories in understanding deviance?

What assumption underlies the normative conception of deviance?

A relativist approaches the study of deviance by studying ______.

Dr. Alucard studies deviant behavior from a ______ perspective, focusing on how the current social system creates norms to protect those in power.

Contrasting the acceptance of public nudity at the Fremont Solstice Parade with the arrest of a serial flasher illustrates that ______.

According to Thio, Taylor, and Schwartz (2012) , what two ways can we view deviance?

Which term refers to "moral" norms?

Assuming that people who engage in deviant behavior are sick or mentally ill ______.