Question 1

Somewhat ironically, one period of the day in which people feel the most awake is at

Accepted Answer

The answer of Somewhat ironically, one period of the day...

Question 2

The coordinated biological functions that keep track of how much sleep (particularly deep sleep) you have had the previous night versus how long you have been awake on a given day is called the

Accepted Answer

The sleep homeostat is responsible for tracking the need for sleep based on how long you have been awake and the quality of sleep you've had, adjusting the pressure to sleep accordingly.

Question 3

When you sleep late on the weekends after a week of insufficient sleep during weekdays, you are experiencing an example of

Accepted Answer

The answer of When you sleep late on the weekends...

Question 4

As they fall asleep, many people experience unusual auditory and visual illusions and bodily sensations known as

Accepted Answer

Hypnagogia refers to the transitional state between wakefulness and sleep, during which people often experience vivid auditory, visual, or sensory phenomena. These can include seeing shapes, hearing noises, or feeling as if one is falling.

Question 5

In addition to rapid eye movements and vivid dreaming, REM sleep is generally characterized by

Accepted Answer

During REM sleep, there is an increase of activity throughout the brain and nervous system, contrasting with non-REM sleep phases where the brain activity is generally lower. This heightened brain activity is associated with vivid dreaming and other characteristics of REM sleep.

Question 6

The first four stages of sleep consist only of this type of sleep.

Accepted Answer

The first four stages of sleep are characterized by non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, which differs from the REM (rapid eye movement) sleep that is associated with dreaming.

Question 7

The different brain waves associated with the five stages of sleep can be recorded by this imaging technique.

Accepted Answer

EEG (Electroencephalography) is the imaging technique used to record the different brain waves associated with the five stages of sleep. It measures electrical activity in the brain, which is crucial for studying sleep patterns.

Question 8

The brain waves that accompany normal wakefulness are called

Accepted Answer

Beta waves are associated with normal wakefulness and consciousness, typically indicating a state of alertness, attention, and active thinking.

Question 9

When a person is in deep sleep, the corresponding brain waves are slow and wide, which means that they are

Accepted Answer

Delta waves are associated with deep sleep, characterized by their slow and wide nature.

Question 10

You come home to find your roommate sitting on the couch with his eyes closed, but when you walk into the room, he insists that he was not asleep. He was, however, likely in this stage of sleep.

Accepted Answer

Stage 1 sleep is a light sleep where one can be easily awakened. It's common for people in this stage to insist they were not sleeping because they might experience sudden muscle contractions or a sensation of falling, making them believe they were awake the whole time.

Question 11

Stage 2 sleep lasts only about 10 to 20 minutes and is characterized by these sudden short bursts of higher voltage brain activity.

Accepted Answer

Stage 2 sleep is characterized by sleep spindles, which are sudden bursts of oscillatory brain activity visible on an EEG.

Question 12

You have fallen asleep for much longer than the 20 minutes you anticipated napping. Because of that, you find that it takes much longer for your alertness to return once awake. You most likely awoke out of this sleep stage.

Accepted Answer

Stage 4 sleep, or deep sleep, is when the body is in its most restorative state. Waking up from this stage can lead to grogginess and disorientation because the body and brain are transitioning from a deep sleep state. This phenomenon is known as sleep inertia.

Question 13

Also known as Stage 5 sleep, most of the dreaming that we remember occurs during this part of the sleep cycle.

Accepted Answer

REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep is known as Stage 5 sleep, during which most memorable dreaming occurs. This stage is characterized by rapid eye movements, increased brain activity, and temporary muscle paralysis.

Question 14

Though it follows stages of deep sleep, the brain waves observed in people engaged in REM sleep are

Accepted Answer

REM sleep brain waves resemble those of wakeful states, indicating high brain activity similar to when awake, despite the person being asleep.

Question 15

Despite the increase in brain activity evident during REM sleep, the sleeper also experiences temporary

Accepted Answer

During REM sleep, the brain is active, but the body experiences temporary paralysis to prevent acting out dreams.

Question 16

Which of the following is true regarding the distribution of stages of the sleep cycle throughout an entire night?

Accepted Answer

The end of a night's sleep is characterized by longer periods of REM sleep and a reduction or absence of the deeper NREM Stages 3 and 4, making statement B correct.

Question 17

Evidence for both of the functions of sleep beyond pure rest and restoration of the body and brain come from research that shows

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that sleep plays a significant role in enhancing the recall of emotional events, suggesting functions of sleep beyond mere rest and restoration.

Question 18

Researchers use this term as a way to describe all mental activity that occurs during sleep.

Accepted Answer

Sleep mentation is the term researchers use to encompass all mental activity that occurs during sleep, including dreams, thoughts, and other cognitive processes.

Question 19

If you had been thinking during sleep about material on a test scheduled for the following day or making a list of things you needed to take care of over the weekend, this type of sleep mentation had occurred.

Accepted Answer

Sleep thinking refers to the process of thinking about real-life issues or tasks, such as preparing for a test or planning activities, during sleep. This differs from dreaming in that it is more focused on practical, everyday concerns.

Question 20

The main difference between sleep thinking and other sorts of dreaming is that sleep thinking is

Accepted Answer

Sleep thinking is characterized by being unemotional and non-hallucinatory, often involving more logical or realistic thoughts compared to the vivid, emotional, and sometimes bizarre nature of dreams.

Quiz 6: Varieties of Consciousness