Question 1

__________ jobs differ from the employment norms of the society in which they are located.Examples in the U.S.labor market include personal service workers and private household workers.

Accepted Answer

Marginal jobs refer to those that are outside of the mainstream employment opportunities and often have lower wages, fewer benefits, and less job security compared to standard jobs. Personal service workers and private household workers are examples of such jobs because they often work in isolation, have irregular schedules, and lack benefits like health insurance and retirement plans. While these jobs are legal, they are still considered marginal because they do not conform to the standard norms of the labor market.

Question 2

The economic recession also hit workers with disabilities hard.As of March 2011,persons age 16 years and over with a disability had an unemployment rate of __________ percent.

Accepted Answer

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, as of March 2011, persons age 16 years and over with a disability had an unemployment rate of 15.6 percent. This was more than double the unemployment rate for persons without a disability which was 7.6 percent at that time.

Question 3

The financial meltdown in the United States and around the world was a major concern in 2007 and 2008 during the largest economic slump since:

Accepted Answer

The financial meltdown in the United States and around the world in 2007 and 2008 was the largest economic slump since the Great Depression of the 1930s. Option A is incorrect as the 20th century saw several other economic downturns, albeit not as severe as the Great Depression or the Great Recession. Option B is incorrect as the Great Recession refers to the 2007-2009 economic crisis itself. Option D is incorrect as the Civil War occurred in the mid-19th century and is not relevant to this question.

Question 4

The collapse of the housing market lead to an overall financial crisis in the United States that quickly spread to other nations,causing the world gross domestic product to fall _________ in 2009.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is A because the collapse of the housing market led to an overall financial crisis in the United States that quickly spread to other nations, causing the world gross domestic product to fall 1.5 percent in 2009.

Question 5

One of the greatest concerns for the future is the __________ of U.S.workers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One of the greatest concerns for the...

Question 6

In their individual and collective struggles to improve their work environment and gain some measure of control over their work-related activities,workers have used a number of methods to resist workplace alienation.Many have joined __________ to gain strength through collective action.

Accepted Answer

Labor unions have historically been a key method of collective action for workers seeking to resist workplace alienation and gain greater control over their work-related activities. Unions offer workers a way to band together to negotiate with employers for better wages, working conditions, and benefits. By joining a union, workers can gain strength in numbers and leverage their collective bargaining power to push for improvements in their work environment. The other options (B, C, and D) do not provide a collective action mechanism for workers to resist workplace alienation.

Question 7

__________ unemployment arises because the skills demanded by employers do not match the skills of the unemployed or because the unemployed do not live where the jobs are located.This type of unemployment may be permanent.

Accepted Answer

Structural unemployment occurs when there is a mismatch between the skills of the unemployed and the demands of the labor market or when job opportunities are concentrated in certain geographic locations. This type of unemployment is often longer-term and can be caused by changes in technology, changes in production methods, or shifts in the economy.

Question 8

In 1990 the United States became the first nation to formally address the issue of equality for persons with a disability when Congress passed the:

Accepted Answer

In 1990, Congress passed the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), which was the first law to address equality for persons with disabilities. This law prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in all areas of public life, including employment, education, transportation, and public accommodations.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of positions in the lower tier of the service sector?

Accepted Answer

Positions in the lower tier of the service sector are typically part of the secondary labor market, which is characterized by low pay, little job security, and few chances for advancement.

Question 10

__________ refers to an agreement in which a larger corporation contracts with other (usually smaller) firms to provide specialized components,products,or services to the larger corporations.

Accepted Answer

Subcontracting refers to the practice of a larger corporation contracting with smaller firms to provide specialized components, products, or services to the larger corporation. This is a common practice in many industries, as it allows larger companies to focus on their core competencies and outsource other tasks to specialized firms. It can also help smaller firms gain access to new customers and markets, and can provide a reliable source of revenue.

Question 11

__________ work is part-time work,temporary work,or subcontracted work that offers advantages to employers but can be detrimental to the welfare of workers.This type of work is found in every segment of the work force.

Accepted Answer

Contingent work is defined as part-time work, temporary work, or subcontracted work that does not offer the same benefits and opportunities for advancement as traditional full-time employment. This type of work can be beneficial for employers who need flexibility in their workforce, but it often comes at the expense of the welfare of workers. Contingent workers may not have access to benefits like health insurance, retirement plans, or paid vacation time, and they may not have job security or opportunities for training and career advancement. Contingent work is prevalent in many industries, including manufacturing, retail, hospitality, and professional services.

Question 12

The __________ is made up of a wide variety of activities through which people make money that they do not report to the government and,in some cases,their endeavors may involve criminal behavior.

Accepted Answer

The term "underground economy" refers to economic activities that are not reported to the government, and may involve illegal behavior such as tax evasion or smuggling. The other options do not accurately describe this type of economy.

Question 13

__________ results from shifts in the demand for workers based on conditions such as the weather (in agriculture,the construction industry,and tourism) or the season (holidays and summer vacations).

Accepted Answer

Seasonal unemployment is unemployment that occurs due to fluctuations in demand for labor based on seasonal conditions such as weather or holidays. This is common in industries such as agriculture, construction, and tourism, where there may be more demand for labor during certain times of the year and less during others.

Question 14

___________ occurs as a result of lower rates of production during recessions in the business cycle; a recession is a decline in an economy's total production that lasts at least six months.

Accepted Answer

Cyclical unemployment occurs as a result of lower rates of production during recessions in the business cycle, which leads to a decrease in demand for labor and layoffs. A recession is a decline in an economy's total production that lasts at least six months. Option A, unemployment, is too broad and can refer to different types of unemployment. Option C, seasonal unemployment, is not relevant to a recession. Option D, structural unemployment, refers to a mismatch between the skills and qualifications of workers and the available job opportunities, which is not related to business cycles.

Question 15

On average,___________ receive lower pay,less job security,and less access to health insurance,pension plans,and training than their counterparts.

Accepted Answer

The answer of On average,___________ receive lower pay,less job security,and...

Question 16

All of the following are examples of positions within the lower tier of the service sector EXCEPT the:

Accepted Answer

A paralegal typically falls within the middle tier of the service sector, as they require specialized training and skills beyond those needed for lower tier positions such as waitresses, sales clerks, and textile workers.

Question 17

The __________ is the percentage of unemployed persons in the labor force actively seeking jobs.

Accepted Answer

The unemployment rate is defined as the percentage of unemployed persons in the labor force actively seeking jobs. Option A is incorrect as the poverty rate measures the percentage of the population living below a certain income level. Option B is incorrect as there is no widely accepted measure of joblessness. Option C is incorrect as there is no such thing as a jobless quotient.

Question 18

The collapse of __________ lead to an overall financial crisis in the United States that quickly spread to other nations,causing the world gross domestic product to fall 1.5 percent.

Accepted Answer

The collapse of the housing market and the subprime mortgage crisis in 2008 lead to a financial crisis in the United States. The housing market crash caused several large financial institutions to fail, which triggered the economic meltdown. This crisis quickly spread to other countries, leading to a global recession and a 1.5 percent fall in the world GDP. Therefore, option C is the correct choice. The leading corporations, banking system, and stock market were all impacted by the collapse of the housing market, but it was the root cause of the financial crisis.

Question 19

When discussing the global economy in the future,it is important to note that in April 2011,the U.S.national debt was at more than __________.

Accepted Answer

The U.S. national debt was at more than 14 trillion dollars in April 2011, which has significant implications for the global economy. This debt can affect the value of the U.S. dollar, interest rates, and the overall stability of the world economy.

Question 20

Which of the following groups are NOT typically employed in the lower-tier sector of employment?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following groups are NOT...

Quiz 13: The Economy and Work in Global Perspective