Question 1

Central to Hindu teachings is the belief that individual souls,referred to as __________,enter the world and roam the universe.

Accepted Answer

Hinduism teaches that individual souls, referred to as jivas, are eternal and enter the world to experience samsara (the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth) until they achieve moksha (liberation from samsara and union with Brahman). Dharma is the concept of living in accordance with one's duty and righteousness, while samsara and moksha are related to the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth.

Question 2

Since Hinduism has no scriptures that are thought to be inspired by a god or gods and is not based on the teachings of any one person,religion scholars refer to it as a(n) __________-a system of beliefs that calls upon adherents to follow an ideal way of life.

Accepted Answer

Hinduism is considered an ethical religion because it is based on a set of moral and ethical principles rather than specific doctrines or beliefs from a divine source. It emphasizes the importance of individual spiritual progress and ethical behavior rather than adherence to a specific set of rules or practices.

Question 3

According to Hinduism,individual souls pass through a sequence of bodies over time as they undergo a process known as __________ (reincarnation),an endless passage through cycles of life,death,and rebirth until the soul earns liberation.

Accepted Answer

The process described in the question is that of reincarnation, which is known as samsara in Hinduism. Moksha refers to the liberation from this cycle, karma refers to the law of cause and effect that influences a soul's future lives, and nirvana is a concept in Buddhism, not Hinduism.

Question 4

__________ Buddhism,which focuses on the life of the Buddha and seeks to follow his teachings,gained its strongest toehold in Southeast Asia.

Accepted Answer

Theravadin Buddhism, also known as Theravada or Hinayana, is the oldest surviving branch of Buddhism and is prevalent in Southeast Asia, particularly in countries such as Thailand, Sri Lanka, and Myanmar. It places emphasis on the teachings of the Buddha as recorded in the Pali Canon and focuses on individual enlightenment through meditation and ethical behavior.

Question 5

In Hinduism,the soul's acquisition of each new body is tied to the law of __________ (deed or act),which is a doctrine of the moral law of cause and effect.

Accepted Answer

The law of karma is the moral law of cause and effect in Hinduism. It dictates that the actions and intentions of an individual in one life affect their future lives and their current life circumstances. The acquisition of each new body is tied to the law of karma, which determines the nature and quality of the soul's rebirth.

Question 6

The teachings of __________ Buddhism and specifically those of the Dalai Lama,emphasize the doctrine of ahimsa,or nonharmfulness,and discourages violence and warfare.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The teachings of __________ Buddhism and specifically...

Question 7

__________ focuses on principles such as truth,justice,affirmation of life,and tolerance for others,and its adherents seek an elevated state of consciousness in which they can fulfill their true potential.

Accepted Answer

The principles listed in the statement are characteristic of Transcendent Idealism, which is a spiritual worldview that emphasizes the pursuit of truth, justice, and personal enlightenment. It is focused on the individual's ability to transcend worldly concerns and achieve a higher state of consciousness. The other options (simple supernaturalism, animism, and theism) do not necessarily incorporate all of these principles in the same way.

Question 8

The third branch of Buddhism,__________,incorporates the first two branches along with some aspects of Hinduism; it emerged in Tibet in the seventh century.

Accepted Answer

Vajrayana is known as the third branch of Buddhism, which emerged in Tibet in the seventh century and incorporates the first two branches (Theravadin and Mahayana) along with some aspects of Hinduism. Nirvana is not a branch of Buddhism but rather a concept within Buddhism.

Question 9

Overcoming desire can be accomplished through the Eightfold Path to Nirvana.This path is a way of living that avoids extremes of indulgence and suggests that a person can live in the world but not be worldly.This principle is part of the Four Noble Truths practiced in __________ Buddhism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Overcoming desire can be accomplished through the...

Question 10

Central to Hindu teachings is the belief that individual souls enter the world and roam the universe until they break free into the limitless atmosphere of illumination known as:

Accepted Answer

Hindu teachings emphasize the importance of moksha, which means liberation from the cycle of birth and death. It is the ultimate goal of human life where the individual soul is released from the limitations of worldly existence and merges with the divine. Samsara refers to the cycle of reincarnation, jivas are individual souls, and dharma is the concept of ethical duty and righteousness.

Question 11

__________ founder,Siddhartha Gautama of the Sakyas,was born into the privileged class.He was referred to as Buddha,meaning "the Enlightened One," and spent his life teaching others how to reach nirvana.

Accepted Answer

The founder referred to as Buddha and the belief in achieving nirvana are key tenets of Buddhism.

Question 12

__________ is believed to be one of the world's oldest current religions,having originated along the banks of the Indus River in __________ between 3,500 and 4,500 years ago.

Accepted Answer

Hinduism is believed to have originated along the banks of the Indus River in Pakistan between 3,500 and 4,500 years ago. Buddhism originated in Nepal, Islam in Saudi Arabia, and Confucianism in China.

Question 13

Central to Hindu teachings is the belief that individual souls enter the world and roam the universe until they break free into the limitless atmosphere of illumination by discovering their own __________ (duties or responsibilities).

Accepted Answer

The missing word is related to the concept of duties or responsibilities in Hinduism, which is described as dharma. Moksha refers to liberation from the cycle of birth and death, samsara is the cycle of birth and death, and karma refers to the accumulation of actions and their consequences.

Question 14

__________ is a nontheistic religion-a religion based on a belief in divine spiritual forces such as sacred principles of thought and conduct,rather than a god or gods.

Accepted Answer

The definition provided describes Transcendent idealism, which is a nontheistic religion that focuses on spiritual principles rather than a god or gods.

Question 15

__________ Buddhism is centered in Japan,China,and Korea and primarily focuses on meditation and the Four Noble Truths.

Accepted Answer

Mahayana Buddhism is centered in Japan, China, and Korea and places a strong emphasis on meditation and understanding the Four Noble Truths. Nirvana refers to the ultimate goal of enlightenment in Buddhism, while Theravada and Vajrayana are other schools of Buddhism with different focuses and origins.

Question 16

One of the best known religious leaders of modern times was Mohandas "Mahatma" Gandhi,the champion of India's independence movement,who was devoted to the __________ ideals of nonviolence,honesty,and courage.

Accepted Answer

Mohandas Gandhi was a Hindu and his beliefs and teachings drew heavily from Hinduism. He emphasized the importance of ahimsa (nonviolence), satya (truth or honesty), and dharma (duty or righteousness) which are all key principles in Hinduism.

Question 17

The ultimate goal of Hindu existence is entering the state of __________-becoming liberated from the world by uniting the individual soul with the universal soul (Brahma).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ultimate goal of Hindu existence is...

Question 18

Religions classified as world religions cover vast expanses of the Earth and have millions of followers.Which of the following are NOT one of the six world religions?

Accepted Answer

Samaritanism is not considered one of the six world religions, which are typically identified as Hinduism, Judaism, Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, and Sikhism.

Question 19

When __________ first emerged in India some twenty-five hundred years ago,it was thought of as a "new religious movement."

Accepted Answer

Buddhism was founded by Siddhartha Gautama, commonly known as the Buddha, in India around 500 BCE. At the time of its emergence, it was seen as a departure from traditional Vedic religion and was considered a new religious movement.

Question 20

Hindu beliefs and practice have been preserved through an oral tradition and expressed in texts and hymns known as the:

Accepted Answer

The Vedas are the oldest and most sacred texts of Hinduism, composed in Sanskrit, and include hymns, mantras, and ritualistic teachings. They have been passed down through an oral tradition and form the foundation of Hindu beliefs and practice.

Quiz 17: Religion