Question 1

According to sociologist Immanuel Wallerstein's world systems theory,__________ nations such as India,Iran,and Mexico are confronted with unprecedented population growth.In addition,a steady flow of rural migrants to large cities is creating enormous urban problems.

Accepted Answer

According to Immanuel Wallerstein's world systems theory, countries are divided into the core, the periphery, and the semiperiphery. The semiperiphery includes countries that are in an intermediate position, and they are often characterized by rapid population growth and urbanization, which are the issues mentioned in the statement. India, Iran, and Mexico are all examples of semiperipheral nations. Therefore, the best choice is C: semiperipheral.

Question 2

According to sociologist Immanuel Wallerstein's world systems theory,most African countries and many countries in South America and the Caribbean are __________ nations that depend on core nations for capital,have little or no industrialization,and have uneven patterns of urbanization.

Accepted Answer

According to Wallerstein's world systems theory, the peripheral nations are those that are economically dependent on core nations, have limited industrialization, and have uneven patterns of urbanization. This fits the description of many African countries and countries in South America and the Caribbean. The other choices (fringe, borderline, and semiperipheral) do not accurately describe this economic relationship.

Question 3

A lending practice of banks includes the __________ of certain properties so that acquiring a loan is virtually impossible.

Accepted Answer

Redlining is the practice of discrimination against certain neighborhoods or properties by denying or limiting financial services, such as loans or insurance, based on factors such as race or ethnicity. It involves drawing a red line around certain areas on a map indicating they are high-risk or undesirable, making it extremely difficult for residents or property owners in those areas to obtain loans or other financial services.

Question 4

Which of the following statements regarding mass suburbanization is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

The statement that mass suburbanization has united the interests of cities and suburbs is false. In reality, mass suburbanization has often led to competition and tension between urban and suburban areas, as well as within suburban communities themselves. Urban areas often see suburban growth as a drain on resources, while suburban areas may resist efforts to support urban revitalization or investment.

Question 5

__________ theorists examine the experience of urban life,attempting to understand how city life affects the people who live in a city.

Accepted Answer

Symbolic interactionist theorists focus on the subjective experience of individuals within a particular social context. In the case of urban life, they would explore how people interact with each other and the built environment, and how these interactions shape their experiences of the city.

Question 6

Since __________,a dramatic population shift has occurred in the United States as thousands of families have moved from cities to suburbs.

Accepted Answer

The dramatic population shift from cities to suburbs occurred after World War II when returning soldiers were offered low-interest loans to buy homes in communities outside of urban areas. This phenomenon is known as the suburbanization of America.

Question 7

Between 1985 and 2025,__________ percent of all population growth will have occurred in Africa,Asia,and Latin America.

Accepted Answer

According to United Nations' projections, Africa, Asia, and Latin America are expected to experience the highest population growth rates between 1985 and 2025. Together, these regions will account for 93% of the global population growth during this period, making D) 93 the correct choice.

Question 8

Since the 1960s,analysts suggest that residential segregation reflects discriminatory practices by landlords,homeowners,and white realtors and their agents,who engage in ________ people of color to different neighborhoods from those shown to their white counterparts.

Accepted Answer

Steering, also known as racial steering, is the practice of guiding or directing prospective homeowners or renters to particular neighborhoods based on their race or ethnicity. This discriminatory practice has contributed to residential segregation and unequal access to housing opportunities for people of color. Redlining refers to the practice of denying or limiting financial services to certain neighborhoods based on their racial or ethnic composition. Stonewalling and barricading are not relevant to residential segregation.

Question 9

According to sociologist Herbert Gans,all of the following are categories of urban dwellers EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Herbert Gans categorizes urban dwellers into five categories: cosmopolites, ethnic villagers, deprived, trapped, and established. Vigilantes are not one of the categories identified by Gans.

Question 10

According to sociologist __________,the size,density,and heterogeneity of urban populations typically result in an elaborate division of labor and in spatial segregation of people by race/ethnicity,social class,religion,and/or lifestyle.

Accepted Answer

Louis Wirth's theory of urbanism suggests that dense and heterogeneous populations in urban areas lead to greater division of labor and spatial segregation along social lines. Georg Simmel focused on the individual experience of modern urban life, while Ernest Burgess developed the concentric zone model of urban structure and Herbert Gans studied the social organization of urban neighborhoods.

Question 11

New urban fringes,referred to as __________ cities,have been springing up beyond central-cities and suburbs in recent years.

Accepted Answer

The answer of New urban fringes,referred to as __________ cities,have...

Question 12

According to sociologist __________,urban life is highly stimulating,and it shapes people's thoughts and actions.Urban residents are influenced by the quick pace of the city and the pervasiveness of economic relations in everyday life.

Accepted Answer

The statement describes Georg Simmel's view on urban life, which emphasizes the fast pace and economic relationships present in city life.

Question 13

Some cities in what sociologist Immanuel Wallerstein's world systems theory describes as core nations are referred to as __________- interconnected urban areas that are centers of political,economic,and cultural activity.

Accepted Answer

According to Immanuel Wallerstein's world systems theory, cities in core nations are referred to as global cities, which are highly interconnected urban areas that are centers of political, economic, and cultural activity.

Question 14

Sociologist __________ suggested that not everyone experiences the city in the same way: many residents develop strong loyalties and a sense of community in central-city areas that outsiders may view negatively.

Accepted Answer

Herbert Gans argued that people have different experiences of the city and that residents may have positive attachments to central-city areas that outsiders may view as negative.

Question 15

According to scholar Elizabeth Wilson,some men view the city as __________ in which women,based on their sexual desirability and accessibility,are categorized as prostitutes,lesbians,temptresses,or virtuous women in need of protection.

Accepted Answer

Elizabeth Wilson argues that some men perceive the city as a "sexual space" where women are categorized based on their sexual roles and desirability.

Question 16

Although most people think of the United States as highly urbanized,about __________ of the U.S.population resides in rural areas,identified by the U.S.Census Bureau as communities of 2,500 people or less.

Accepted Answer

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, approximately 20 percent of the U.S. population resides in rural areas, which are defined as communities of 2,500 people or less.

Question 17

__________ refers to the distinctive social and psychological patterns of life typically found in the city.

Accepted Answer

Urbanism refers to the distinctive social and psychological patterns of life found in urban areas. Sector analysis is a method used in urban planning to identify different types of land use within a city. Urban sociology is the study of social interactions and structures within urban areas. Metropolitanism refers to the economic and social relationships between a central city and its surrounding suburbs.

Question 18

__________ typically identify rural communities as small,sparsely settled areas that have a relatively homogeneous population of people who primarily engage in agriculture.

Accepted Answer

Sociologists typically study rural communities and identify them as small, sparsely settled areas with a relatively homogeneous population that primarily engages in agriculture. Political scientists, psychologists, and anthropologists may study rural communities as well, but they may focus on different aspects such as governance, mental health, or cultural traditions.

Question 19

The first decade of the twenty-first century has resonated with pleas
from undocumented workers and leaders of various immigration reform
organizations asking for change in U.S.immigration and citizenship laws
for millions of people who dream of U.S.citizenship.

Accepted Answer

The first sentence clearly states that there have been calls for change in U.S. immigration and citizenship laws, indicating that the statement is true.

Question 20

Millions of people in the 1970s moved from the north-central and northeastern states to the Sunbelt cities in the southern and western states.All of the following were identified as reasons for the movement EXCEPT for:

Accepted Answer

While there were multiple reasons identified for the movement of people to Sunbelt cities, the better marriage market was not one of them. The other options were identified as reasons for the migration.

Quiz 19: Population and Urbanization