Clara Williams perceives that if she can complete the training of 1,200 employees by the end of this year, she will get the promotion she desires. According to expectancy theory, Clara believes that the ________.
A) valence of completing the employee training is 1
B) instrumentality of completing the employee training is +1
C) valence of completing the employee training is -1
D) instrumentality of completing the employee training is 0

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

According to expectancy theory, instrumentality refers to the belief that if an individual completes a task or achieves a performance goal, it will result in a specific outcome or consequence. In this case, Clara believes that if she completes the employee training, she will be promoted. Therefore, the instrumentality of completing the employee training is +1. Valence, on the other hand, refers to the value an individual places on the outcome or consequence. Clara perceives that the promotion is desirable, so the valence of completing the employee training is also positive, but we cannot determine that it is exactly 1.

Clara Williams Perceives That If She Can Complete the Training