Question 1

In 1892 the preamble to the American Psychological Association (APA) stated its mission was to "advance psychology as a science". When re-organized in 1945 APA's mission was ______?

Accepted Answer

The re-organized APA's mission was to advance psychology as a science, a profession, and to promote human welfare. This is reflected in the current mission statement of the APA, which is to "promote the advancement, communication, and application of psychological science and knowledge to benefit society and improve lives."

Question 2

Before the 1890s the U.S. could be described as ___________, by 1920 the U.S had become _________.

Accepted Answer

Before the 1890s, the U.S. was made up of diverse, isolated communities with distinct cultures and traditions. However, by 1920, the country had become more of a cohesive nation-state with a shared national culture and identity. The growth of industry, transportation, communication, and urbanization in the late 19th and early 20th centuries helped to connect the country and make it more integrated.

Question 3

In what way did improved transportation for both people and goods transform the American experience by the early 1900s?

Accepted Answer

Improved transportation, such as railroads and automobiles, connected distant regions, facilitating the movement of people and goods, which contributed to a more unified national culture and shared experiences across the United States.

Question 4

In Box 13.1 on "Psychology and Progressivism," the author argues that Transcendent meaning has been debunked, and society has become the enemy. It appears that in recent times psychologists will help create, create what?

Accepted Answer

The author argues that psychologists have moved away from the idea of Transcendent meaning and instead focus on creating a new way of life based on the self and its needs. Therefore, the best answer is C.

Question 5

The social and political movement of Progressivism valued which of the following:

Accepted Answer

Progressivism was a movement that aimed at addressing issues stemming from industrialization, urbanization, and political corruption. It sought reforms in various sectors including labor, education, and governance, focusing on progress and improvements rather than adhering to old traditions, promoting a laissez-faire attitude, or supporting self-interested politicians.

Question 6

The social and political movement of Progressivism valued which of the following:

Accepted Answer

The social and political movement of Progressivism valued reform, progress, and efficiency. They aimed to improve society and government through these values, working towards social justice, economic reform, and political equality.

Question 7

Leaders of the Progressive movement found behaviorism attractive because:

Accepted Answer

Leaders of the Progressive movement were interested in social reform and believed in the ability of science to improve society. Behaviorism promised to provide scientific means of social control by identifying and manipulating the environmental factors that shape behavior, thus making it attractive to Progressive leaders.

Question 8

When it comes to a vision for both Psychology and the Progressive movement in the U.S. which of the following drew a blue-print for the twentieth century American mind?

Accepted Answer

John Dewey's philosophy of pragmatism deeply influenced both psychology and the Progressive movement in the U.S. His emphasis on the importance of experience, problem-solving, and democracy helped shape the American mindset in the 20th century. While Witmer, Yerkes, and Mead were also influential figures in psychology during this time period, Dewey's impact on both psychology and society as a whole was particularly significant.

Question 9

In John Dewey's view, individuals acquire their personality and thoughts from _______.

Accepted Answer

John Dewey believed that individuals acquire their personality and thoughts from society. He believed that people are social beings who are shaped by their environment and the cultural and social forces around them. Dewey emphasized the importance of education in shaping individuals and promoting social progress.

Question 10

In contrast to Galton's approach to testing intelligence, Binet focused more on:

Accepted Answer

Binet believed that intelligence involved higher mental functions and cognitive skills that could be measured through tasks such as problem-solving, reasoning, and attention. He focused on practical and applied mental abilities that were relevant to education and everyday life. This is in contrast to Galton's focus on sensory and perceptual skills, which he believed were largely innate and unchangeable. Binet also did not focus on moral reasoning and decision making specifically, as these were not seen as core components of intelligence.

Question 11

American psychologist preferred Binet's intelligence test over Galton's because:

Accepted Answer

American professional psychologists preferred Binet's intelligence test because it met their practical and applied needs. They were interested in identifying children who were struggling in school or had intellectual disabilities, and Binet's test aimed to measure a child's mental age and potential for future intellectual development. Galton's test, on the other hand, focused on measuring innate abilities and was less practical for the purposes of American psychologists.

Question 12

Helen Keller was blind and deaf but grew up to be an intelligent, educated and successful adult. Applying Galton's approach to intelligence testing, an adult Helen Keller would most likely be classified as ________while Binet's test would most likely rate her as ________.

Accepted Answer

Galton's approach to intelligence testing focused on sensory abilities, particularly sight, so he would have classified Helen Keller as subnormal. However, Binet's test measures a variety of mental abilities beyond sensory perception, and therefore would likely rate her as average or above average in intelligence.

Question 13

The American psychometrician Lewis Terman argued that an important use of intelligence testing was to identify and socially control people at the low and high ends of general intelligence. The reason being:

Accepted Answer

Lewis Terman believed that identifying and nurturing individuals with high intelligence would lead to benefits for society. He developed the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale to measure intelligence and used it to identify gifted children who could then be given special education and opportunities. There is no evidence that he believed in nurturing the feeble-minded to higher levels of intelligence.

Question 14

The statement, "Not all criminals are feeble-minded, but all feeble minded are at least potential criminals", was most likely said by the American advocate for intelligence testing _____?

Accepted Answer

This statement is most closely associated with Lewis Terman, who was a prominent advocate for intelligence testing and the creator of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale. Terman believed that intelligence was closely tied to criminal behavior and that feeble-minded individuals were more likely to engage in criminal activity.

Question 15

The cornerstone of early applied psychology in the U.S. was ______ and it is still important today.

Accepted Answer

Mental testing, as developed by psychologists such as Alfred Binet and Lewis Terman, was the cornerstone of early applied psychology in the U.S. This involved the development and use of standardized intelligence tests in education, industry, and the military. Today, mental testing and assessment are still important in many fields, including clinical psychology, education, and personnel selection.

Question 16

One of the goals of Münsterberg's work titled, Psychology and Industrial Efficiency was to find______.

Accepted Answer

Münsterberg's work titled, Psychology and Industrial Efficiency aimed to find ways to improve industrial efficiency, which includes how to produce the best possible work.

Question 17

One of the goals of Münsterberg's work titled, Psychology and Industrial Efficiency was to find______.

Accepted Answer

Münsterberg's work focused on finding ways to improve industrial efficiency, which included finding the best possible person for the job. He believed that matching the right person to the right job would increase productivity and efficiency.

Question 18

For the most part, clinical and thus professional psychology was founded by:

Accepted Answer

Clinical psychology was founded by Lightner Witmer, who established the first psychological clinic in 1896. While William James is considered the father of American psychology, he did not specifically focus on clinical psychology. Alfred Binet is known for his work in developing the first intelligence test, and Thomas Leahey is a psychologist who has written extensively on the history of psychology but did not play a significant role in the founding of clinical psychology.

Question 19

The term "clinical psychology" was coined by Witmer to define a _______ and not a _______.

Accepted Answer

Witmer coined the term "clinical psychology" to define a broad method of mental testing, not a physical location, emphasizing the application of psychological science to assess and treat mental disorders.

Question 20

Which of the following best represents Walter Dill Scotts contribution to the WWI war effort?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following best represents Walter...

Quiz 13: The Rise of Applied Psychology 1892-1939

In 1892 the preamble to the American Psychological Association (APA) stated its mission was to "advance psychology as a science". When re-organized in 1945 APA's mission was ______?

Before the 1890s the U.S. could be described as ___, by 1920 the U.S had become _.

In what way did improved transportation for both people and goods transform the American experience by the early 1900s?

In Box 13.1 on "Psychology and Progressivism," the author argues that Transcendent meaning has been debunked, and society has become the enemy. It appears that in recent times psychologists will help create, create what?

The social and political movement of Progressivism valued which of the following:

The social and political movement of Progressivism valued which of the following:

Leaders of the Progressive movement found behaviorism attractive because:

When it comes to a vision for both Psychology and the Progressive movement in the U.S. which of the following drew a blue-print for the twentieth century American mind?

In John Dewey's view, individuals acquire their personality and thoughts from _______.

In contrast to Galton's approach to testing intelligence, Binet focused more on:

American psychologist preferred Binet's intelligence test over Galton's because:

Helen Keller was blind and deaf but grew up to be an intelligent, educated and successful adult. Applying Galton's approach to intelligence testing, an adult Helen Keller would most likely be classified as while Binet's test would most likely rate her as .

The American psychometrician Lewis Terman argued that an important use of intelligence testing was to identify and socially control people at the low and high ends of general intelligence. The reason being:

The statement, "Not all criminals are feeble-minded, but all feeble minded are at least potential criminals", was most likely said by the American advocate for intelligence testing _____?

The cornerstone of early applied psychology in the U.S. was ______ and it is still important today.

One of the goals of Münsterberg's work titled, Psychology and Industrial Efficiency was to find______.

One of the goals of Münsterberg's work titled, Psychology and Industrial Efficiency was to find______.

For the most part, clinical and thus professional psychology was founded by:

The term "clinical psychology" was coined by Witmer to define a _ and not a _.

Which of the following best represents Walter Dill Scotts contribution to the WWI war effort?