Question 1

"Globalism's Discontents" by Joseph E. Stiglitz
Stiglitz sorts out the different meanings of globalization. He maintains that globalization has brought large benefits to a few with few benefits to the many. The author further argues that issues of control/management and globalization ideology play crucial roles in determining whether globalization is beneficial or detrimental.
-Discuss the ways, according to Stiglitz, that "liberalization of capital markets" has hurt developing countries during the process of globalization.

Accepted Answer

According to Joseph E. Stiglitz in "Globalism's Discontents," the liberalization of capital markets has hurt developing countries during the process of globalization in several ways. Firstly, Stiglitz argues that the liberalization of capital markets has led to increased financial instability in developing countries. This is because it allows for large amounts of speculative capital to flow in and out of these countries, leading to volatile exchange rates and financial crises.

Secondly, Stiglitz points out that liberalization of capital markets has also led to a "race to the bottom" in terms of regulations and standards. Developing countries are often pressured to deregulate their financial systems and lower their labor and environmental standards in order to attract foreign investment. This can lead to exploitation of workers and environmental degradation.

Additionally, Stiglitz argues that liberalization of capital markets has also led to increased inequality within developing countries. Foreign investors often only invest in certain sectors or regions, leading to uneven development and exacerbating existing inequalities.

Overall, Stiglitz contends that the liberalization of capital markets has had detrimental effects on developing countries during the process of globalization, contributing to financial instability, exploitation, and inequality.

Question 2

"Globalism's Discontents" by Joseph E. Stiglitz
Stiglitz sorts out the different meanings of globalization. He maintains that globalization has brought large benefits to a few with few benefits to the many. The author further argues that issues of control/management and globalization ideology play crucial roles in determining whether globalization is beneficial or detrimental.
-Discuss the operation and ideology of the IMF in structuring globalization.

Accepted Answer

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) plays a significant role in structuring globalization through its policies and practices. The IMF operates by providing financial assistance to countries in need, but this assistance often comes with conditions that require the recipient country to implement certain economic reforms. These reforms typically involve liberalizing trade, deregulating markets, and reducing government spending, all of which align with the ideology of neoliberalism.

Neoliberalism, the dominant ideology of globalization, emphasizes free market principles and limited government intervention in the economy. The IMF promotes this ideology by requiring countries to adopt neoliberal policies in exchange for financial support. This can lead to negative consequences for the majority of people in these countries, as the policies often result in austerity measures, privatization of public services, and increased inequality.

Furthermore, the IMF's decision-making process is heavily influenced by the major economic powers, particularly the United States and European countries. This means that the interests of these powerful nations often take precedence over the needs of developing countries, further perpetuating the unequal distribution of benefits from globalization.

In summary, the IMF's operation and ideology in structuring globalization prioritize the interests of the few over the many, contributing to the discontents associated with globalization as described by Joseph E. Stiglitz.

Question 3

"Globalism's Discontents" by Joseph E. Stiglitz
Stiglitz sorts out the different meanings of globalization. He maintains that globalization has brought large benefits to a few with few benefits to the many. The author further argues that issues of control/management and globalization ideology play crucial roles in determining whether globalization is beneficial or detrimental.
-What does Stiglitz mean when he says globalization is "volatile" and what are the consequences of this volatility?

Accepted Answer

In "Globalism's Discontents," Joseph E. Stiglitz discusses the multifaceted nature of globalization and its varied impacts on different groups of people. When Stiglitz refers to globalization as "volatile," he is speaking to the nature of global economic integration, which can lead to rapid and often unpredictable economic changes that affect countries and individuals in different ways.

The volatility of globalization can be understood in several contexts:

1. Economic Volatility: Globalization can lead to increased economic volatility as markets and economies become more interconnected. This means that financial crises, economic downturns, or shocks in one part of the world can quickly spread to others. For example, the 2008 financial crisis that began in the United States quickly affected financial markets and economies around the globe.

2. Job Market Volatility: Globalization can lead to shifts in employment as companies seek to optimize production by moving operations to countries with lower labor costs. This can result in job losses in some regions and job gains in others, creating instability for workers whose livelihoods are affected by these shifts.

3. Capital Flows: The movement of capital across borders can be highly volatile, with rapid inflows and outflows of investment. This can lead to economic instability in countries that experience sudden changes in investment levels, affecting their ability to manage their economies effectively.

The consequences of this volatility are significant and can include:

1. Economic Insecurity: Individuals and communities may face economic insecurity as jobs are offshored or as local industries are unable to compete with global competitors. This can lead to a decline in living standards and increased inequality.

2. Policy Challenges: Governments may find it difficult to manage their economies in the face of global volatility. They may struggle to implement effective monetary and fiscal policies when faced with rapid capital flows and the influence of global financial markets.

3. Social and Political Unrest: The economic uncertainty and inequality resulting from volatile globalization can lead to social and political unrest. People who feel left behind by the global economy may lose faith in their governments and the economic system, potentially leading to protests, strikes, or the rise of populist movements.

4. Financial Instability: Countries may experience financial instability as a result of volatile capital flows and the interconnectedness of global financial systems. This can lead to banking crises, currency crises, and sovereign debt crises, with severe consequences for economic growth and development.

Stiglitz argues that the way globalization is managed and controlled, as well as the prevailing ideology surrounding it, are key factors in determining whether its effects are beneficial or harmful. He suggests that without proper governance and a focus on equitable growth, globalization's volatility can disproportionately harm the most vulnerable populations while benefiting a select few.

Question 4

"Globalism's Discontents" by Joseph E. Stiglitz
Stiglitz sorts out the different meanings of globalization. He maintains that globalization has brought large benefits to a few with few benefits to the many. The author further argues that issues of control/management and globalization ideology play crucial roles in determining whether globalization is beneficial or detrimental.
-Globalization has had uniform effects in developing countries.

Accepted Answer

The article argues that globalization has had different effects in different countries, and that issues of control and ideology influence these effects. Therefore, the effects of globalization are not uniform across developing countries.

Question 5

"Globalism's Discontents" by Joseph E. Stiglitz
Stiglitz sorts out the different meanings of globalization. He maintains that globalization has brought large benefits to a few with few benefits to the many. The author further argues that issues of control/management and globalization ideology play crucial roles in determining whether globalization is beneficial or detrimental.
-How does "the governance of globalization" impact on whether it is beneficial or detrimental?

Accepted Answer

The answer of "Globalism's Discontents" by Joseph E. Stiglitz
Stiglitz sorts...

Question 6

"Globalism's Discontents" by Joseph E. Stiglitz
Stiglitz sorts out the different meanings of globalization. He maintains that globalization has brought large benefits to a few with few benefits to the many. The author further argues that issues of control/management and globalization ideology play crucial roles in determining whether globalization is beneficial or detrimental.
-Which of the following does Stiglitz believe is a negative effect of globalization?
A) Privatization
B) Democraticization
C) Local/state management
D) Careful monitoring of globalization.

Accepted Answer

Stiglitz believes that privatization, which often results from globalization, has negative effects.

Question 7

"Globalism's Discontents" by Joseph E. Stiglitz
Stiglitz sorts out the different meanings of globalization. He maintains that globalization has brought large benefits to a few with few benefits to the many. The author further argues that issues of control/management and globalization ideology play crucial roles in determining whether globalization is beneficial or detrimental.
-Which of the following globalization-based policies does Stiglitz advocate:
A) Cease globalization
B) Accelerate globalization
C) Allow countries to control the rate of globalization
D) Allow the IMF to direct globalization.

Accepted Answer

Stiglitz advocates for allowing countries to control the rate of globalization, as he believes that issues of control and management are important considerations in determining whether globalization is beneficial or harmful. He does not support ceasing or accelerating globalization or giving control of globalization to the International Monetary Fund (IMF).

Question 8

"The 'Morphing' Properties of Whiteness" by Troy Duster
Duster takes up the issue of the biological and cultural basis of race and racial classification in American society. Duster advocates that race is complex, structural, and enduring, and, simultaneously, a social/cultural construct that is fluid and subject to change in which its boundaries may fundamentally alter.
-Discuss "first order" and "second order" issues regarding racial classification.

Accepted Answer

The answer of "The 'Morphing' Properties of Whiteness" by Troy...

Question 9

"The 'Morphing' Properties of Whiteness" by Troy Duster
Duster takes up the issue of the biological and cultural basis of race and racial classification in American society. Duster advocates that race is complex, structural, and enduring, and, simultaneously, a social/cultural construct that is fluid and subject to change in which its boundaries may fundamentally alter.
-Discuss Duster's critique of race as a biological construct that can be based on genetic interpretations of intelligence.

Accepted Answer

The answer of "The 'Morphing' Properties of Whiteness" by Troy...

Question 10

"The 'Morphing' Properties of Whiteness" by Troy Duster
Duster takes up the issue of the biological and cultural basis of race and racial classification in American society. Duster advocates that race is complex, structural, and enduring, and, simultaneously, a social/cultural construct that is fluid and subject to change in which its boundaries may fundamentally alter.
-According to Duster, which racial category is fluid and subject to change over time?
A) Whites
B) Blacks
C) Latinos
D) All of the above.

Accepted Answer

Duster argues that the concept of race, including all racial categories, is fluid and subject to change over time, reflecting the complex and changing nature of racial classifications and identities.

Question 11

"The 'Morphing' Properties of Whiteness" by Troy Duster
Duster takes up the issue of the biological and cultural basis of race and racial classification in American society. Duster advocates that race is complex, structural, and enduring, and, simultaneously, a social/cultural construct that is fluid and subject to change in which its boundaries may fundamentally alter.
-Discuss Duster's notion of race as a "solid state" and a "fluid state."

Accepted Answer

The answer of "The 'Morphing' Properties of Whiteness" by Troy...

Question 12

"The 'Morphing' Properties of Whiteness" by Troy Duster
Duster takes up the issue of the biological and cultural basis of race and racial classification in American society. Duster advocates that race is complex, structural, and enduring, and, simultaneously, a social/cultural construct that is fluid and subject to change in which its boundaries may fundamentally alter.
-According to Duster, which of the following concepts best captures the fluidity and historically contingent nature of race?
A) Morphing
B) Aging
C) Changeability
D) Passing.

Accepted Answer

Duster specifically uses the term "morphing" to describe the way in which the boundaries of race may shift and change over time. He notes that these changes may be influenced by a range of historical, cultural, and political factors, and that these shifts may alter the ways in which racial categories are constructed and understood. Therefore, A) Morphing is the best choice that captures the fluidity and historically contingent nature of race.

Question 13

"The 'Morphing' Properties of Whiteness" by Troy Duster
Duster takes up the issue of the biological and cultural basis of race and racial classification in American society. Duster advocates that race is complex, structural, and enduring, and, simultaneously, a social/cultural construct that is fluid and subject to change in which its boundaries may fundamentally alter.
-Discuss Duster's notions of "arbitrary/whimsical" and "structural/enduring" as competing conceptions of race.

Accepted Answer

The answer of "The 'Morphing' Properties of Whiteness" by Troy...

Question 14

"The 'Morphing' Properties of Whiteness" by Troy Duster
Duster takes up the issue of the biological and cultural basis of race and racial classification in American society. Duster advocates that race is complex, structural, and enduring, and, simultaneously, a social/cultural construct that is fluid and subject to change in which its boundaries may fundamentally alter.
-Duster maintains that race is fundamentally best thought of as a biologically-based concept.

Accepted Answer

Duster argues that while race does have biological components, it is fundamentally a social and cultural construct that is subject to change and fluidity. Duster describes whiteness in particular as having "morphing" properties, meaning that its boundaries and definitions can change over time and in response to social and cultural factors.

Question 15

"A Threat in the Air: How Stereotypes Shape Intellectual Identity and Performance" by Claude M. Steel
Steele discusses the dynamics of "stereotypical threat," which is the internalization of negative stereotypes that pose achievement barriers among women in advanced quantitative areas and blacks in school. The author discusses how identification with school and its subdivisions can produce inferior performance pursuant to societal pressures that make domain-identified students conscious and activate the stenotypes.
-Discuss the difference between "domain identification" and "domain unidentification."

Accepted Answer

The answer of "A Threat in the Air: How Stereotypes...

Question 16

"A Threat in the Air: How Stereotypes Shape Intellectual Identity and Performance" by Claude M. Steel
Steele discusses the dynamics of "stereotypical threat," which is the internalization of negative stereotypes that pose achievement barriers among women in advanced quantitative areas and blacks in school. The author discusses how identification with school and its subdivisions can produce inferior performance pursuant to societal pressures that make domain-identified students conscious and activate the stenotypes.
-One consequence of a "stereotypical threat" is that it causes de-identification.

Accepted Answer

Steele argues that "stereotypical threat" can cause individuals to disidentify with areas they associate with negative stereotypes, leading to reduced performance and achievement in those areas.

Question 17

"A Threat in the Air: How Stereotypes Shape Intellectual Identity and Performance" by Claude M. Steel
Steele discusses the dynamics of "stereotypical threat," which is the internalization of negative stereotypes that pose achievement barriers among women in advanced quantitative areas and blacks in school. The author discusses how identification with school and its subdivisions can produce inferior performance pursuant to societal pressures that make domain-identified students conscious and activate the stenotypes.
-What kinds of students are most likely to be impacted by stereotypical threat?
A) Poor students
B) Excellent students
C) Mediocre students
D) None of the above.

Accepted Answer

According to the article, "stereotypical threat" impacts high-achieving students who identify strongly with their academic domain, such as women in advanced quantitative areas or blacks in school. The author notes that these students have the most to lose in terms of their intellectual identity and academic performance when faced with negative stereotypes. Therefore, excellent students are most likely to be impacted by stereotypical threat.

Question 18

"A Threat in the Air: How Stereotypes Shape Intellectual Identity and Performance" by Claude M. Steel
Steele discusses the dynamics of "stereotypical threat," which is the internalization of negative stereotypes that pose achievement barriers among women in advanced quantitative areas and blacks in school. The author discusses how identification with school and its subdivisions can produce inferior performance pursuant to societal pressures that make domain-identified students conscious and activate the stenotypes.
-Stereotypical threat may negatively impact on:
A) Whites and blacks
B) Blacks and women
C) White men and women
D) Blacks only.

Accepted Answer

Claude M. Steele's article discusses how negative stereotypes can create achievement barriers for women in advanced quantitative areas and blacks in school. Therefore, stereotypical threat negatively impacts blacks and women.

Question 19

"A Threat in the Air: How Stereotypes Shape Intellectual Identity and Performance" by Claude M. Steel
Steele discusses the dynamics of "stereotypical threat," which is the internalization of negative stereotypes that pose achievement barriers among women in advanced quantitative areas and blacks in school. The author discusses how identification with school and its subdivisions can produce inferior performance pursuant to societal pressures that make domain-identified students conscious and activate the stenotypes.
-How is stereotypical threat related to "self-rejection"?

Accepted Answer

The answer of "A Threat in the Air: How Stereotypes...

Question 20

"A Threat in the Air: How Stereotypes Shape Intellectual Identity and Performance" by Claude M. Steel
Steele discusses the dynamics of "stereotypical threat," which is the internalization of negative stereotypes that pose achievement barriers among women in advanced quantitative areas and blacks in school. The author discusses how identification with school and its subdivisions can produce inferior performance pursuant to societal pressures that make domain-identified students conscious and activate the stenotypes.
-How does stereotypical threat impair the standardized test performance of domain-identified students?

Accepted Answer

The answer of "A Threat in the Air: How Stereotypes...

Quiz 3: Status Section A: Race and Ethnicity