Question 1

According to the textbook, a formal profession devoted to helping people with psychological problems was begun _________ years ago.

Accepted Answer

The formal profession of psychology, as we understand it today, began a little more than 100 years ago with the establishment of the first psychology laboratory by Wilhelm Wundt in 1879, marking the formal start of psychology as a separate and distinct scientific discipline.

Question 2

As a practitioner in one of the helping professions, you will be expected to

Accepted Answer

Knowing about theories of counseling and psychotherapy and their relevance and effectiveness with diverse clients is crucial for practitioners in the helping professions. This ensures that the services provided are inclusive and consider the unique backgrounds and needs of all clients.

Question 3

Things such as socio-cultural values, political movements, historical events, and economic factors are known as the _________________ within which counseling theories originate.

Accepted Answer

These elements are considered the contexts within which counseling theories originate, as they shape and influence the development and application of these theories within society.

Question 4

Which were the only two major approaches to psychotherapy that existed in the first half of the 20th century?

Accepted Answer

The two major approaches to psychotherapy in the first half of the 20th century were Adlerian and Psychoanalytic. Alfred Adler's Individual Psychology (Adlerian) and Sigmund Freud's Psychoanalysis were foundational in the development of psychotherapy during this period.

Question 5

Which of the following theorists published a book in 1951 that was considered by many to outline the first true theory of counseling?

Accepted Answer

Carl Rogers published "Client-Centered Therapy" in 1951, which is considered by many to outline the first true theory of counseling, emphasizing the client's capacity for self-direction and understanding of his or her own development.

Question 6

Joseph Wolpe's 1958 publication, Psychotherapy by Reciprocal Inhibition, introduced the profession to ______________________ therapy.

Accepted Answer

Joseph Wolpe's 1958 publication introduced the profession to behavioral therapy, specifically through the concept of systematic desensitization, a method based on the principle of reciprocal inhibition.

Question 7

Until recently revised, the major weakness of the predominant theories of counseling was that

Accepted Answer

The major weakness of the predominant theories of counseling was that they were developed by White males for predominantly White, heterosexual, middle-class clients, which limited their applicability and relevance to a diverse population.

Question 8

The _______________ approach has been broadened beyond its original focus on one particular oppressed group of people to include other culturally diverse groups who have been subject to oppression and discrimination.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _______________ approach has been broadened beyond...

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a premise of family therapy?

Accepted Answer

Family therapy operates on the premise that problems are a result of the dynamics within the family system rather than being rooted in a single individual. Identifying one family member as "the client" contradicts the systemic approach of family therapy, which views issues as shared within the family context rather than isolated to one person.

Question 10

Psychotherapy is an endeavor for helping people deal with their psychological problems through a formal, more or less structured interaction between the person(s) seeking help and

Accepted Answer

Psychotherapy is a professional service provided by trained professionals who have expertise in mental health issues, therapeutic techniques, and psychological theories. These professionals include psychologists, psychiatrists, psychotherapists, and licensed counselors.

Question 11

A statistical technique that allows researchers to pull together the results of many studies for comparison is known as

Accepted Answer

Meta-analysis is a statistical technique that combines the results of multiple scientific studies to identify patterns, discrepancies, or other interesting insights, making it easier to draw general conclusions from the data as a whole.

Question 12

__________________________ consists of online sessions in which the questions posed to the client and the responses to the client's answers are computer-generated.

Accepted Answer

Cybercounseling consists of online sessions where both the questions asked of the client and the responses to the client's answers are generated by a computer, distinguishing it from other forms of online therapy that may involve direct human interaction.

Question 13

Every psychotherapeutic approach has two components:

Accepted Answer

Every psychotherapeutic approach consists of a theoretical framework (theory) and the application of that framework in therapeutic settings (practice).

Question 14

The most fundamental difference among psychotherapies is their

Accepted Answer

The most fundamental difference among psychotherapies lies in their theoretical orientation, as this determines the principles and methods a therapist uses to treat clients.

Question 15

Many psychotherapists consider ____________________ and ________________ legitimate goals for counseling when particular psychological problems are not present.

Accepted Answer

Personal growth and gaining self-knowledge are widely recognized as legitimate goals for counseling, even in the absence of specific psychological issues. These goals focus on enhancing the individual's understanding of themselves and fostering their development.

Question 16

The overarching goal of personal therapy for counselors in training is to

Accepted Answer

The primary goal of personal therapy for counselors in training is to help them learn more about themselves, including their values, beliefs, and emotional triggers, which can improve their effectiveness and empathy as therapists.

Question 17

In counseling, the three types of prevention of psychological problems are

Accepted Answer

Primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention are the three types of prevention in counseling. Primary prevention aims to prevent problems before they start, secondary prevention focuses on early detection and intervention, and tertiary prevention seeks to reduce the impact of ongoing problems.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT one of the five most common strategies for change?

Accepted Answer

The five most common strategies for change typically focus on positive development such as developing insight, engaging in adaptive behaviors, creating systemic change, and increasing awareness. Entrenching cognitions, however, implies reinforcing existing beliefs or thoughts, which does not align with the proactive and transformative nature of common change strategies.

Question 19

Which of the following is the most frequently employed change strategy?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is the most...

Question 20

Clients generally gain ___________________ insight before emotional insight.

Accepted Answer

Clients generally gain intellectual insight before emotional insight. Intellectual insight involves understanding the reasons behind feelings or behaviors logically, before fully experiencing and understanding them on an emotional level.

Quiz 1: Introduction to Contemporary Psychotherapies for a Diverse World