Question 1

In an electromagnetic wave, an electric field exists perpendicular to a magnetic field, and both fields are perpendicular to the direction of travel of the wave. These characteristics indicate that an electromagnetic wave is which of the following wave types?
A)gravitational
B)longitudinal
C)mechanical
D)transverse

Accepted Answer

Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves because their oscillations (electric and magnetic fields) are perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.

Question 2

Large amounts of current can damage a circuit. Which of the following changes in a series circuit will result in an increase in current?
A)The voltage is halved and the resistance is halved.
B)The voltage is halved and the resistance is doubled.
C)The voltage is doubled and the resistance is halved.
D)The voltage is doubled and the resistance is doubled.

Accepted Answer

According to Ohm's Law, current (I) is equal to voltage (V) divided by resistance (R). In option C, both doubling the voltage and halving the resistance would increase the current, as the numerator of the fraction increases and the denominator decreases.

Question 3

Based on Ohm's law, which of the following statements explains what must happen when the voltage across a resistor is decreased?
A)The resistance of the resistor increases.
B)The resistance of the resistor decreases.
C)The current through the resistor increases.
D)The current through the resistor decreases.

Accepted Answer

Ohm's law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points. Therefore, if the voltage across a resistor is decreased, the current through the resistor will also decrease, assuming the resistance remains constant.

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of a nonharmonic motion?
A)particles colliding with one another
B)a pendulum swaying back and forth
C)a child bouncing up and down on a large spring
D)waves created on the surface of a glass of water during an earthquake

Accepted Answer

Nonharmonic motion refers to movements that do not repeat in a regular, predictable cycle. Particles colliding with one another exhibit random, unpredictable behavior, which is characteristic of nonharmonic motion.

Question 5

A ball has a mass of 0.1 kg and an initial velocity of 20 m/s. The ball is given an acceleration of 30 m/s2 for 5 s.What is the net force on the ball during acceleration?
A)0 N
B)3 N
C)10 N
D)15 N

Accepted Answer

The answer of A ball has a mass of 0.1...

Question 6

Which of the following has the greatest momentum?
A)a 60 kg deer moving west at a speed of 16.4 m/s
B)a 6300 kg elephant moving east at a speed of 0.11 m/
C)a 0.42 kg soccer ball moving downfield at a speed of 12 m/s
D)a 0.03 kg arrow moving toward a target at a speed of 150 m/s

Accepted Answer

Momentum is calculated as mass times velocity. The deer has the greatest momentum with a value of 984 kg·m/s (60 kg * 16.4 m/s).

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of an electromagnetic wave?
A)a radio wave
B)a water wave
C)the oscillation of a spring
D)the vibration of a violin string

Accepted Answer

Radio waves are a type of electromagnetic wave, which means they are a form of energy that travels through the vacuum of space, unlike water waves, spring oscillations, and violin string vibrations, which require a medium to travel through.

Question 8

Which of the following statements best explains why it is usually easier to keep a sliding object moving than it is to start the object moving?
A)Kinetic friction is typically equal to static friction.
B)Kinetic friction is typically less than static friction.
C)Kinetic friction is a force that resists attempts to start an object moving.
D)Kinetic friction is a force that opposes the sliding of two objects over each other.

Accepted Answer

Kinetic friction, which acts on moving objects, is generally less than static friction, which must be overcome to start an object moving. This difference makes it easier to keep an object moving once it has started.

Question 9

Radio waves, visible light, and x-rays are examples of electromagnetic waves that always differ from each other in
A)amplitude.
B)intensity.
C)temperature.
D)wavelength.

Accepted Answer

Radio waves, visible light, and x-rays are all electromagnetic waves that primarily differ in their wavelengths. The wavelength determines the type of electromagnetic wave, ranging from longer wavelengths like radio waves to shorter wavelengths like x-rays.

Question 10

Two oppositely charged objects are separated by a small distance. The objects are then moved three times farther apart from each other. Which of the following statements best describes what happens to the electrical force between the objects?
A)The force of attraction increases.
B)The force of attraction decreases.
C)The force of attraction becomes zero.
D)The force of attraction stays the same.

Accepted Answer

The electrical force between two charged objects is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them (Coulomb's Law). Therefore, if the distance is tripled, the force of attraction decreases.

Question 11

A sound wave can be transmitted through all of the following except
A)a gas.
B)a liquid.
C)a solid.
D)a vacuum.

Accepted Answer

Sound waves require a medium (solid, liquid, or gas) to travel through and cannot propagate through a vacuum because there are no particles to transmit the vibrations.

Question 12

Three different boxes are lifted to different heights.
Box X weighs 115 N and is lifted to 15 m.
Box Y weighs 210 N and is lifted to 10 m.
Box Z weighs 305 N and is lifted to 5 m.
Which of the following statements best describes the boxes' change in mechanical energy?
A)Box X had the greatest change in mechanical energy.
B)Box Z had the smallest change in mechanical energy.
C)Boxes X and Y had the same change in mechanical energy.
D)Boxes Y and Z had the same change in mechanical energy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Three different boxes are lifted to different...

Question 13

Which of the following statements applies to a longitudinal wave?
A)The motion of the medium is random.
B)The motion of the medium is in a circular pattern.
C)The motion of the medium is parallel to the motion of the wave.
D)The motion of the medium is perpendicular to the motion of the wave.

Accepted Answer

In a longitudinal wave, the particles of the medium move parallel to the direction of the wave propagation. This is observed in sound waves, where the vibrations of the particles are in the same direction as the wave is moving.

Question 14

A magnetic compass is placed near an insulated copper wire. When the wire is connected to a battery, the compass needle changes position.Which of the following is the bestexplanation for the movement of the needle?
A)The copper wire magnetizes the needle to create a force.
B)The needle magnetizes the copper wire to create a force.
C)The current in the wire produces a magnetic field and exerts a force on the needle.
D)The insulation on the wire becomes energized and exerts a force on the needle.

Accepted Answer

The current flowing through the copper wire generates a magnetic field around the wire. This magnetic field interacts with the magnetic field of the compass needle, causing the needle to move. This is a direct application of Ampère's law, which relates magnetic fields to the currents that produce them.

Question 15

Mike, who has a mass of 75 kg, is running north at 2.6 m/s. He accidentally collides with Tom, who has a mass of 125 kg and is not moving.Which of the following statements describes how much momentum each person has before the collision?
A)Mike has a momentum of 130 kg • m/s north, and Tom has no momentum.
B)Mike has a momentum of 195 kg • m/s north, and Tom has no momentum.
C)Both Mike and Tom have a momentum of 130 kg • m/s north.
D)Both Mike and Tom have a momentum of 195 kg • m/s north.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mike, who has a mass of 75...

Question 16

X-ray waves and infrared waves are both electromagnetic waves. Which of the following describes another property x-ray waves and infrared waves share?
A)Both waves are longitudinal.
B)Both waves have the same frequency.
C)Both waves have the same wavelength.
D)Both waves travel at the same speed in a vacuum.

Accepted Answer

X-ray waves and infrared waves, like all electromagnetic waves, travel at the same speed in a vacuum, which is approximately 3.00 x 10^8 meters per second (the speed of light).

Question 17

Suppose a scientist detects an electromagnetic wave with a frequency higher than those of gamma rays. The scientist labels this wave a Z-ray.Which of the following would always be true of a Z-ray?
A)A Z-ray would have a lesser amplitude than gamma rays.
B)A Z-ray would have a greater amplitude than gamma rays.
C)A Z-ray would have a shorter wavelength than gamma rays.
D)A Z-ray would have a longer wavelength than gamma rays.

Accepted Answer

Electromagnetic waves with higher frequencies have shorter wavelengths, so a Z-ray, having a higher frequency than gamma rays, would have a shorter wavelength.

Question 18

The power of a toaster can be determined if which of the following values are known?
A)the dimensions of the toaster
B)the resistance of the toaster's insulation
C)the voltage applied to the toaster and the toaster's temperature
D)the current through the circuit and the voltage applied to the toaster

Accepted Answer

The power of an electrical device like a toaster can be calculated using the formula P = IV, where P is power, I is current, and V is voltage. Therefore, knowing the current through the circuit and the voltage applied to the toaster allows for the determination of its power.

Question 19

How much power is required to carry a 35 N package a vertical distance of 18 m if the work on the package is accomplished in 30 s?
A)16 W
B)21 W
C)58 W
D)630 W

Accepted Answer

The power required can be calculated using the formula Power = Work / Time. The work done on the package is equal to the force applied (35 N) times the distance moved (18 m), which gives 630 Joules. Dividing this by the time (30 s) gives a power of 21 W.

Question 20

A heavy box is at rest on an inclined plane. The box begins to slide down the inclined plane when a small force is applied to the box. The force is removed as soon as the box begins to slide. The speed of the box increases as the box slides down the inclined plane.Which of the following is the most likely cause of this increasing speed?
A)The force of gravity on the box is less when the box is not moving than when the box is moving.
B)The force of gravity on the box is greater when the box is not moving than when the box is moving.
C)The force of friction on the box is less when the box is not moving than when the box is moving.
D)The force of friction on the box is greater when the box is not moving than when the box is moving.

Accepted Answer

The force of friction is generally greater when an object is at rest (static friction) than when it is moving (kinetic friction). Once the box starts sliding, the friction force decreases, allowing gravity to accelerate the box down the incline.

Quiz 32: (AP) Physics: Introductory Physics

In an electromagnetic wave, an electric field exists perpendicular to a magnetic field, and both fields are perpendicular to the direction of travel of the wave. These characteristics indicate that an electromagnetic wave is which of the following wave types?

Large amounts of current can damage a circuit. Which of the following changes in a series circuit will result in an increase in current?

Based on Ohm's law, which of the following statements explains what must happen when the voltage across a resistor is decreased?

Which of the following is an example of a nonharmonic motion?

A ball has a mass of 0.1 kg and an initial velocity of 20 m/s. The ball is given an acceleration of 30 m/s2 for 5 s.What is the net force on the ball during acceleration?

Which of the following has the greatest momentum?

Which of the following is an example of an electromagnetic wave?

Which of the following statements best explains why it is usually easier to keep a sliding object moving than it is to start the object moving?

Radio waves, visible light, and x-rays are examples of electromagnetic waves that always differ from each other in

Two oppositely charged objects are separated by a small distance. The objects are then moved three times farther apart from each other. Which of the following statements best describes what happens to the electrical force between the objects?

A sound wave can be transmitted through all of the following except

Three different boxes are lifted to different heights. Box X weighs 115 N and is lifted to 15 m. Box Y weighs 210 N and is lifted to 10 m. Box Z weighs 305 N and is lifted to 5 m. Which of the following statements best describes the boxes' change in mechanical energy?

Which of the following statements applies to a longitudinal wave?

A magnetic compass is placed near an insulated copper wire. When the wire is connected to a battery, the compass needle changes position.Which of the following is the bestexplanation for the movement of the needle?

Mike, who has a mass of 75 kg, is running north at 2.6 m/s. He accidentally collides with Tom, who has a mass of 125 kg and is not moving.Which of the following statements describes how much momentum each person has before the collision?

X-ray waves and infrared waves are both electromagnetic waves. Which of the following describes another property x-ray waves and infrared waves share?

Suppose a scientist detects an electromagnetic wave with a frequency higher than those of gamma rays. The scientist labels this wave a Z-ray.Which of the following would always be true of a Z-ray?

The power of a toaster can be determined if which of the following values are known?

How much power is required to carry a 35 N package a vertical distance of 18 m if the work on the package is accomplished in 30 s?