Question 1

The result of bribing people to do what they already enjoy doing is the

Accepted Answer

The overjustification effect occurs when an external incentive like a reward or money decreases a person's intrinsic motivation to perform a task because the person comes to attribute their actions to the reward, rather than their own interest in the task.

Question 2

The degree of attraction among group members relates to the dimension of

Accepted Answer

Cohesiveness refers to the degree of attraction among group members or their commitment to remaining in the group. This includes the strength of the relationships linking members to one another and to the group itself.

Question 3

According to the text, which of the following are true of self-perception and cognitive dissonance theories?

Accepted Answer

Both self-perception theory and cognitive dissonance theory have garnered empirical support over the years, suggesting that they offer valuable insights into understanding attitudes and behavior, though they emphasize different psychological mechanisms.

Question 4

Which of the following is an innate behavior?

Accepted Answer

Innate behaviors are those that are hardwired into an organism's biological makeup and are performed in response to certain stimuli without prior learning or experience. Fleeing from danger is an example of an innate behavior, as it is a survival instinct present in many animals, including humans, from birth.

Question 5

According to the text, in what percentage of homicides has the murderer and/or the victim been drinking?

Accepted Answer

The text states that in 65% of homicides, either the murderer or the victim has been drinking.

Question 6

The theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating is the

Accepted Answer

Social learning theory, proposed by Albert Bandura, posits that people learn new behaviors through observation and imitation of others, especially those they consider role models.

Question 7

Which of the following is not conductive to aggression?

Accepted Answer

Cool temperatures are generally not conducive to aggression. Research has shown that higher temperatures can increase aggression levels, while cooler temperatures tend to have a calming effect and are less likely to provoke aggressive behavior.

Question 8

In a national survey, what percentage of women reported having been forced by a man to do something sexually?

Accepted Answer

According to various national surveys and studies, approximately 22% of women report having been forced by a man to do something sexually. This statistic highlights the prevalence of sexual violence against women.

Question 9

When college males were asked if there were any chance they would rape a woman, "if you could be assured that no one would know and that you could in no way be punished," what percentage said there was a slim chance?

Accepted Answer

This question references a study where approximately 33% of male college students indicated there was a slim chance they would commit rape if they were certain of no consequences or punishment. This statistic is often cited in discussions about attitudes towards sexual assault and consent on college campuses.

Question 10

Sales rates of Hustler and Playboy were positively correlated with state

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that there is a positive correlation between the sales rates of adult magazines like Hustler and Playboy and state rape rates, suggesting a potential link between the consumption of such materials and sexual violence.

Question 11

What is the ratio of Americans who believe in the following statement? Sexual materials provide an outlet for bottled-up impulses.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the ratio of Americans who...

Question 12

Which of the following is true of findings on the catharsis hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

The catharsis hypothesis, which suggests that expressing aggressive behavior or emotions can lead to a reduction in those feelings, has not been universally supported by research. Studies have found that the calming effect of retaliation or aggressive expression often occurs only under specific conditions, rather than as a general rule, indicating that catharsis does not always occur as once widely believed.

Question 13

A motive to increase one's own welfare is

Accepted Answer

Egoism is the motive to increase one's own welfare, often without regard for others' welfare. This contrasts with altruism, which involves increasing others' welfare.

Question 14

According to research by Daniel Batson, altruism may have its basis in feelings of

Accepted Answer

Daniel Batson's research suggests that altruism is primarily motivated by feelings of empathy. Batson's empathy-altruism hypothesis posits that when we feel empathy for another person, we are more likely to help them altruistically, without expecting anything in return.

Quiz 3: Social and Psychological Dynamics in Human Behavior