Question 1

What hormone aids the transport of glucose into cells and decreases blood glucose levels?
A) Testosterone
B) Cortisol
C) Insulin
D) Thyroid hormone

Accepted Answer

Insulin is the hormone responsible for aiding the transport of glucose into cells, which decreases blood glucose levels. It is produced by the pancreas and plays a key role in the regulation of blood sugar levels.

Question 2

A client is undergoing tests to confirm a diagnosis of hyperthyroidism. What test should be ordered for this client?
A) Thyroid scan
B) Thyroid suppression test
C) TSH stimulation test
D) TRH stimulation test

Accepted Answer

A thyroid scan is commonly used to evaluate the function and structure of the thyroid gland, which can help confirm a diagnosis of hyperthyroidism.

Question 3

What information should be provided to the client before performing a radioactive iodine uptake test?
A) Inform the client about the side effects of radiation.
B) Encourage reduction of the amount of iodized salt in food.
C) Instruct the client to take the test after a regular breakfast.
D) Ask the client to avoid eating ocean shellfish 1 week before the test.

Accepted Answer

Ocean shellfish contains iodine, which can interfere with the results of the radioactive iodine uptake test.

Question 4

Which test is the most diagnostic urine test for the assessment of adrenal medulla function?
A) Clonidine suppression test
B) Urinary metanephrine
C) 24-hour urine specimen
D) Histamine administration

Accepted Answer

Urinary metanephrine is the most diagnostic urine test for assessing adrenal medulla function because it measures the metabolites of catecholamines, which are produced by the adrenal medulla.

Question 5

The nurse prepares a client for an adrenal angiogram to detect tumors of the adrenal glands. The nurse states that a catheter will be inserted and a contrast medium injected to initiate contrast studies. What type of test is this client undergoing?
A) Computed Tomography (CT) scan of the adrenals
B) Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI)
C) Ultrasonography
D) Adrenal angiogram

Accepted Answer

An adrenal angiogram involves inserting a catheter and injecting a contrast medium to visualize the adrenal glands and detect tumors, matching the description given.

Question 6

The nurse is reading a client's fasting plasma glucose (FPG) test results. Which result indicates diabetes?
A) 75 mg/dL
B) 100 mg/dL
C) 115 mg/dL
D) 130 mg/dL

Accepted Answer

A fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level of 126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) or higher on two separate tests is diagnostic for diabetes. Therefore, among the provided options, 130 mg/dL is the only value that indicates diabetes.

Question 7

According to the glycemic index (GI) index, which food would most likely raise the client's blood glucose levels?
A) White bread
B) Oatmeal
C) Bacon
D) Cheese

Accepted Answer

White bread has a high glycemic index (GI), meaning it can raise blood glucose levels more quickly compared to foods with a lower GI such as oatmeal, bacon, and cheese.

Question 8

Which client would be most susceptible to experiencing ketoacidosis?
A) A client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
B) A client diagnosed with adrenal insufficiency
C) A client diagnosed with type 1 diabetes
D) A client diagnosed with hypothyroidism

Accepted Answer

Ketoacidosis is most commonly associated with type 1 diabetes because the body cannot produce insulin, leading to high blood sugar and the production of ketones as the body breaks down fats for energy.

Question 9

A 10-year-old boy is diagnosed with a disturbance of the anterior pituitary lobe causing overproduction of the growth hormone STH. Which disorder will occur with this condition?
A) Acromegaly
B) Gigantism
C) Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)
D) Diabetes insipidus

Accepted Answer

Gigantism occurs in children and adolescents who are still growing, due to an overproduction of growth hormone by the anterior pituitary gland. Acromegaly occurs in adults after the growth plates have closed.

Question 10

A 25-year-old client with symptoms of excessive thirst and an increase in urine is diagnosed with diabetes insipidus. Which hormone level should the nurse monitor?
A) Thyroxine
B) Vasopressin
C) Insulin
D) Glucagon

Accepted Answer

Diabetes insipidus is characterized by a deficiency of vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone), which leads to excessive thirst and urination. Monitoring vasopressin levels helps in managing the condition.

Question 11

A nurse is caring for a 50-year-old client suspected of having an exophthalmia and goiter. For which symptom should the nurse monitor this client?
A) Lethargy and inactivity
B) Slow pulse rate
C) Shrinking of the eyes
D) Weight loss

Accepted Answer

Exophthalmia and goiter are symptoms often associated with hyperthyroidism, which can lead to symptoms such as weight loss, increased metabolism, and hyperactivity, rather than lethargy, bradycardia, or shrinking of the eyes.

Question 12

The nurse is initiating thyroid hormone therapy for a client. What symptom related to therapy should the nurse teach the client to report immediately?
A) Nausea
B) Fever
C) Angina
D) Dizziness

Accepted Answer

Angina can indicate an adverse effect of thyroid hormone therapy, such as excessive dosing leading to hyperthyroidism or cardiac effects, which requires immediate medical attention.

Question 13

A nurse is caring for a 60-year-old client who has recently undergone a thyroidectomy. Which postoperative complication is most critical for the nurse to monitor when caring for this client?
A) Bradycardia
B) Fever
C) Difficulty in breathing
D) Peripheral edema

Accepted Answer

Difficulty in breathing is a critical postoperative complication to monitor in a patient who has undergone a thyroidectomy. This can indicate swelling or bleeding in the neck area, which can compress the trachea and lead to respiratory distress or airway obstruction, a potentially life-threatening condition.

Question 14

A client is diagnosed with hyperparathyroidism associated with osteomalacia. When caring for this client, the nurse should monitor the level of which mineral?
A) Potassium
B) Calcium
C) Sodium
D) Magnesium

Accepted Answer

Hyperparathyroidism leads to increased levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH), which in turn increases calcium levels in the blood by promoting calcium release from bones, increasing calcium absorption in the intestines, and reducing calcium excretion in the kidneys. Monitoring calcium levels is essential in managing patients with hyperparathyroidism.

Question 15

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with Cushing syndrome. Which intervention is a primary nursing consideration in this situation?
A) Checking electrolyte and glucose levels for changes
B) Replacing fluids and adding sodium to the diet
C) Teaching the client to count and limit carbohydrates
D) Administering anticonvulsants to prevent seizures

Accepted Answer

Cushing syndrome often leads to imbalances in electrolytes and elevated glucose levels, so monitoring these is crucial for managing the condition.

Question 16

The nurse is caring for a client who is diagnosed with pheochromocytoma. Which is a side effect of this tumor?
A) Blindness
B) Seizures
C) Electrolyte imbalances
D) Extreme hypertension

Accepted Answer

Pheochromocytoma is a tumor of the adrenal gland that produces excessive amounts of catecholamines, leading to symptoms such as extreme hypertension.

Question 17

A client is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Which accurately describes a consideration related to the occurrence of this disorder?
A) It usually occurs in clients older than 30 years.
B) Classic symptoms are nearly always present.
C) Hereditary factors are usually present.
D) The client is usually overweight.

Accepted Answer

Type 1 diabetes is characterized by the presence of classic symptoms such as polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia due to the autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas.

Question 18

The nurse is teaching the parents of a juvenile diagnosed with type 1 diabetes the three "polys" of diabetes symptoms. Which describes excessive hunger?
A) Polyuria
B) Polydipsia
C) Polyphagia
D) Polycythemia

Accepted Answer

Polyphagia is the term that describes excessive hunger or increased appetite, which is a common symptom of type 1 diabetes.

Question 19

A nurse is educating a diabetic client about the steps for self-administration of insulin. In which type of diabetes should the nurse inform the client that lifelong insulin administration is essential?
A) Type 1 diabetes mellitus
B) Type 2 diabetes mellitus
C) Gestational diabetes mellitus
D) Impaired glucose homeostasis

Accepted Answer

Type 1 diabetes mellitus requires lifelong insulin administration because the pancreas produces little to no insulin.

Question 20

The nurse administers an intermediate-acting insulin for a client with juvenile diabetes. Which might be ordered?
A) Humulin N
B) Humulin R
C) Ultralente
D) Glargine

Accepted Answer

Humulin N is an intermediate-acting insulin, suitable for managing blood sugar levels in clients with juvenile diabetes.

Quiz 79: Sensory System Disorders

What hormone aids the transport of glucose into cells and decreases blood glucose levels?

A client is undergoing tests to confirm a diagnosis of hyperthyroidism. What test should be ordered for this client?

What information should be provided to the client before performing a radioactive iodine uptake test?

Which test is the most diagnostic urine test for the assessment of adrenal medulla function?

The nurse prepares a client for an adrenal angiogram to detect tumors of the adrenal glands. The nurse states that a catheter will be inserted and a contrast medium injected to initiate contrast studies. What type of test is this client undergoing?

The nurse is reading a client's fasting plasma glucose (FPG) test results. Which result indicates diabetes?

According to the glycemic index (GI) index, which food would most likely raise the client's blood glucose levels?

Which client would be most susceptible to experiencing ketoacidosis?

A 10-year-old boy is diagnosed with a disturbance of the anterior pituitary lobe causing overproduction of the growth hormone STH. Which disorder will occur with this condition?

A 25-year-old client with symptoms of excessive thirst and an increase in urine is diagnosed with diabetes insipidus. Which hormone level should the nurse monitor?

A nurse is caring for a 50-year-old client suspected of having an exophthalmia and goiter. For which symptom should the nurse monitor this client?

The nurse is initiating thyroid hormone therapy for a client. What symptom related to therapy should the nurse teach the client to report immediately?

A nurse is caring for a 60-year-old client who has recently undergone a thyroidectomy. Which postoperative complication is most critical for the nurse to monitor when caring for this client?

A client is diagnosed with hyperparathyroidism associated with osteomalacia. When caring for this client, the nurse should monitor the level of which mineral?

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with Cushing syndrome. Which intervention is a primary nursing consideration in this situation?

The nurse is caring for a client who is diagnosed with pheochromocytoma. Which is a side effect of this tumor?

A client is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Which accurately describes a consideration related to the occurrence of this disorder?

The nurse is teaching the parents of a juvenile diagnosed with type 1 diabetes the three "polys" of diabetes symptoms. Which describes excessive hunger?

A nurse is educating a diabetic client about the steps for self-administration of insulin. In which type of diabetes should the nurse inform the client that lifelong insulin administration is essential?

The nurse administers an intermediate-acting insulin for a client with juvenile diabetes. Which might be ordered?