Question 1

Let's assume Michelle didn't make her college basketball team, but instead of moving on, she keeps feeling and noticing all of her personal weaknesses and poor abilities in many different areas. For the most part Michelle contains these feelings and they don't affect her behavior much. Which term best describes her condition?

Accepted Answer

Inferiority feelings are emotions and thoughts of not being good enough, often in comparison to others or in relation to personal standards and goals. Michelle's focus on her personal weaknesses and poor abilities, despite these feelings not significantly affecting her behavior, aligns with the concept of inferiority feelings.

Question 2

The therapy stage during which client and therapist work together to develop therapeutic goals is called:

Accepted Answer

Forming the therapeutic relationship is the stage where the therapist and client work together to establish trust and set the foundation for therapy, including developing therapeutic goals.

Question 3

Which strategy is NOT one of the three main strategies for assessing client lifestyle?

Accepted Answer

Goal alignment is not one of the three main Adlerian assessment strategies for assessing client lifestyle. The main strategies include the family constellation interview, the question, and earliest recollection.

Question 4

In individual psychology, "the question" is intended to establish:

Accepted Answer

"The question" in individual psychology, particularly in the context of Alfred Adler's theories, is used to uncover if there are any secondary gains from the client's symptoms—benefits the client might be receiving from their symptoms, such as attention, care, or avoidance of responsibilities.

Question 5

Which of the following techniques is most likely to be used by an Adlerian therapist to obtain pertinent information about a client's lifestyle development?

Accepted Answer

Adlerian therapy emphasizes understanding the individual's lifestyle and the purposes of behavior. Earliest recollections are used as a key technique to access and interpret these early memories, which are thought to reveal significant insights into the client's current lifestyle and personal beliefs.

Question 6

What best describes what Adler means by "basic mistakes"?

Accepted Answer

Adler's concept of "basic mistakes" refers to the cognitive distortions or inaccurate beliefs and perceptions individuals have about themselves, others, and the world. These mistakes can lead to maladaptive behavior and emotional problems. The correct answer is B because it directly addresses these inaccuracies in perception as described by Adler. Choices A, C, and D do not accurately reflect Adler's concept of basic mistakes.

Question 7

Which statement is consistent with an initial style of life interpretation?

Accepted Answer

Initial style of life interpretations are meant to foster the therapeutic relationship and deepen understanding of the client's issues, and they are collaborative in nature, often presented as educated guesses rather than definitive statements. This makes options A and B correct, while C is not consistent with the collaborative and exploratory nature of early counseling interpretations.

Question 8

For Adlerians, client insight should always produce:

Accepted Answer

Adlerians believe that client insight should lead to heightened motivation as it helps clients understand their behaviors and encourages them to make positive changes.

Question 9

What technique would an Adlerian therapist be using if he suggested to his client who is wishing for greater self-confidence: "Tomorrow, how about if you try to pretend for the day that you are filled with self-confidence?"

Accepted Answer

The as-if technique involves acting "as if" one already possesses a desired trait or feeling, such as confidence, to help bring about change in one's behavior or emotional state. This aligns with the therapist's suggestion to pretend to be filled with self-confidence.

Question 10

What are the three phases of Watts's "reflecting as if" technique?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the three phases of Watts's...

Question 11

All of the following are examples of Adlerian techniques except:

Accepted Answer

Motivational Interviewing is not an Adlerian technique; it is a counseling approach developed by William R. Miller and Stephen Rollnick with a focus on facilitating and engaging intrinsic motivation within the client in order to change behavior. Adlerian psychology, developed by Alfred Adler, utilizes techniques such as acting as if, the future autobiography, the push-button technique, and creating new images to encourage individuals to overcome feelings of inferiority and to develop a more cooperative and positive approach to social living.

Question 12

Ralph is seeing a therapist who likes to point out to Ralph the price he is paying by engaging in a particular unhelpful behavior pattern. Which technique is Ralph's therapist employing?

Accepted Answer

"Spitting in the client's soup" is a metaphorical technique used in therapy where the therapist points out the negative consequences of a client's behavior, making it less appealing for them to continue engaging in that behavior. This technique is aimed at helping the client see the cost of their actions and motivate change.

Question 13

Ralph gets tired of his therapist and decides to see someone different. This new therapist helps Ralph learn to use positive images to change his mood and coaches him on when to "push a button" to think of a positive image and improve his mood. What type of counselor is Ralph probably seeing now?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ralph gets tired of his therapist and...

Question 14

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding Adlerian therapy?

Accepted Answer

Adlerian therapy does not ground itself on the medical model; instead, it focuses on social interest, community feeling, and the individual's power to choose and create. The medical model typically implies a focus on diagnosing and treating illness, whereas Adlerian therapy emphasizes holistic and social aspects of the individual's life.

Question 15

During an Adlerian therapy session, a client shows a strong tendency to do lots of caretaking in her close relationships and then she inevitably feels very underappreciated and resentful. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

This behavior is an example of a basic mistake associated with her lifestyle, as per Adlerian therapy. It reflects a maladaptive pattern of behavior and belief that leads to feelings of underappreciation and resentment, indicating a misunderstanding or misapplication of how to achieve personal significance and belonging.

Question 16

Which Adlerian technique is most likely a historical predecessor to behavioral and cognitive self-monitoring?

Accepted Answer

Catching oneself is an Adlerian technique that involves clients monitoring their own thoughts, feelings, and behaviors to catch themselves engaging in unwanted patterns. This self-awareness and self-monitoring aspect is a precursor to the techniques used in cognitive and behavioral therapies.

Question 17

In one of the case vignettes, which of the following is an example of J. Sommers-Flanagan's use of early interpretation to gain insight and enhance client motivation?

Accepted Answer

Early interpretation, as used by J. Sommers-Flanagan, involves making insightful comments that help the client gain understanding about themselves. Vocalizing the idea that the client might be a perfectionist is an example of using interpretation to offer a new perspective, potentially enhancing the client's motivation by increasing self-awareness.

Question 18

Which statement is an accurate summary of Veronica Johnson's opinion of Adlerian theory?

Accepted Answer

Veronica Johnson's opinion of Adlerian theory is positive, emphasizing its wellness orientation and the view that humans strive for purpose, which she sees as optimistic and creative.

Question 19

Which statement is most accurate regarding the suitability of Adlerian therapy for women and minority clients?

Accepted Answer

Adlerian therapy is known for its sensitivity to social dynamics and emphasis on social and family constellations, making it suitable for women and minority clients. Adler's work does not specifically limit its applicability to wealthy populations, making options A and B correct, while C is not accurate.

Question 20

Which of the following reflects the state of psychotherapy research of Adlerian therapy?

Accepted Answer

Meta-analytic evidence suggests that Adlerian therapy may be more effective than placebo, but the studies are limited in number and are outdated, indicating a need for more current research.

Quiz 3: Individual Psychology and Adlerian Therapy