Question 1

Rebecca's new boyfriend Andy takes her to a 3-D movie.In an effort to impress Rebecca,Andy explains to her that the movie appears to be three-dimensional by providing each eye with slightly different images,thus creating the illusion of depth.Andy cannot remember what this phenomenon is called,but Rebecca,tired of Andy's showing off,tells him it is called ____.

Accepted Answer

The phenomenon described by Andy, in which each eye receives slightly different images resulting in the perception of depth, is called retinal disparity. Ocular accommodation refers to the process by which the lens of the eye adjusts its shape to focus on objects at different distances, and is not related to the perception of depth in a 3-D movie. A stroboscopic illusion involves the perception of motion resulting from a series of still images presented in rapid succession, and shape constancy refers to the perception of an object's shape as being constant despite changes in its appearance due to variations in viewing conditions.

Question 2

Artists are able to create rich 3D environments on a 2D canvas by utilizing various techniques that essentially trick our ____.

Accepted Answer

Depth perception is the ability to perceive the distance and depth of objects in a scene. Artists can use various techniques such as overlapping, size variation, perspective cues, lighting, and shading to create the illusion of depth on a 2D canvas. This tricks our depth perception into perceiving a 3D environment.

Question 3

While waiting at the end of a long line,Roger notices that he cannot determine the hair color or facial features of the people at the front of the line,but he can do so with people near him.Roger perceives people at the front of the line to be farther away due to what depth perception cue?

Accepted Answer

The gradient of texture is a depth perception cue that explains why objects that are farther away appear smoother or less detailed, which is why Roger cannot determine the hair color or facial features of people at the front of the line.

Question 4

When Monet paints haystacks,he depicts the haystacks that are closer to him with a lot of detail but the ones farther away with less detail.Monet is using the depth cue of ____.

Accepted Answer

Monet is using the depth cue of gradient of texture, which means objects that are closer are painted with more detail and texture, while objects farther away are painted with less detail and texture.

Question 5

Claire works all night on a 500-piece jigsaw puzzle but misplaces 10 of the puzzle's pieces.She shows the puzzle to her friend Karen.Even though the puzzle is missing ten pieces,Karen can still perceive a complete picture by using the perceptual process of

Accepted Answer

Closure is the perceptual process where people tend to fill in missing information to create a complete picture. In this case, even though the puzzle is missing 10 pieces, Karen can still perceive a complete picture due to the closure process.

Question 6

While visiting the state fair,Darnelle notices that the pigs are all located in a pen together.Darnelle perceives the pigs as one group because of the principle of ____.

Accepted Answer

The principle of common region suggests that elements located within the same bounded area (such as a pen) are perceived as being grouped together.

Question 7

While working on an art project,Molly accidentally spills white-out onto her monkey drawing,causing the monkey to have detached arms,ears,and legs.However,Molly and her friends are still able to perceive the drawing as a whole monkey due to the ____ principle of perceptual organization.

Accepted Answer

Closure is the principle of perceptual organization that allows us to mentally fill in missing parts of a figure or object based on its overall shape. In this case, Molly's monkey drawing has missing arms, ears, and legs, but our perception fills in those missing elements based on the overall shape of the rest of the drawing.

Question 8

In perceiving depth and distance,we interpret the pattern of light and shadow,and we normally assume that illumination comes from ____.

Accepted Answer

Our visual system is designed to interpret illumination coming from above, as that is typically how natural light sources such as the sun or sky illuminate objects in our environment. This assumption helps us perceive depth and distance accurately.

Question 9

In his art class,Justin's teacher is lecturing on depth perception cues in two-dimensional art.The instructor explains that people tend to perceive objects at the top of an image as being ____.

Accepted Answer

The instructor is discussing depth perception cues in two-dimensional art, and how people tend to perceive objects at the top of an image as farther away. Therefore, option C, "more distant," would be the best choice.

Question 10

Sascha is in a marching band.Because the band members move together identically,the audience perceives waves of motion.Sascha's band director has used the Gestalt principle of ____ to cause the audience to perceive the waves of motion.

Accepted Answer

The Gestalt principle of common fate states that when visual elements move together in the same direction, at the same time and speed, they are perceived as belonging together. In this case, since the band members move together identically, the audience perceives waves of motion, which is an example of common fate. The other options (texture, simplicity, and closure) do not apply to the scenario described.

Question 11

Wes is helping his brother lay new flooring in his house.Even though there are four stacks of floor tiles next to each other,he perceives the one stack of gray granite separately from the three stacks of black marble because of the grouping principle of ____.

Accepted Answer

The grouping principle of texture refers to the tendency to perceive items with similar textures as belonging together. In this case, Wes perceives the gray granite separately from the black marble because of the difference in texture.

Question 12

Stella is walking near the railroad tracks and notices that the tracks recede to a point in the distance.She realizes that as the tracks get closer together,things appear farther away while objects located at spots where the tracks are far apart appear close.Stella has recognized the depth perception cue called ____.

Accepted Answer

Stella has recognized the depth perception cue called linear perspective, which refers to the phenomenon where parallel lines appear to converge as they move farther away from the viewer. This is a powerful cue for depth perception and is often used in art to create the illusion of distance and depth. The other options, relative size, reduced clarity, and visual field acuity, are all other depth perception cues, but they do not apply to Stella's observation of the railroad tracks.

Question 13

Russel is having difficulty creating a sense of depth to his painting.His instructor,Olivier,suggests that he use a little blue in his color mixture for the deep background features.This will create the depth cue of ____.

Accepted Answer

The suggestion to use a little blue in the color mixture for deep background features to create a sense of depth is related to the atmospheric perspective, which is a depth cue based on the understanding that distant objects appear less clear and bluer than nearer objects due to the scattering of light by the atmosphere. This makes distant objects appear more faded and blue, which is why the correct answer is "reduced clarity."

Question 14

The main question behind the study of depth and motion perception is ____.

Accepted Answer

The study of depth and motion perception aims to understand how the brain interprets two-dimensional sensory input in order to create three-dimensional perceptions.

Question 15

Mikala has never been able to "see" what the hidden picture is in a new style of three-dimensional art.Every time Mikala looks at one of these,she sees only a set of discrete two-dimensional images.The Gestalt principle of ____ might explain why Mikala cannot see the three-dimensional picture.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mikala has never been able to "see"...

Question 16

Suppose you are watching the live satellite broadcast of a news event.Because the program's sound is slightly delayed,there is a discrepancy between the words that you hear and the movement of the reporter's mouth.You might become momentarily confused because the broadcast is violating the grouping principle of ____.

Accepted Answer

The grouping principle of synchrony states that objects which move or change at the same time are perceived as belonging together. In this scenario, the discrepancy between the movement of the reporter's mouth and the sound that is heard conflicts with the principle of synchrony, causing confusion for the viewer. The other grouping principles are not directly applicable to this situation.

Question 17

You know that your friends Manuel and William are the same height.You use the fact that Manuel's image on your retina is smaller than William's to conclude that Manuel must be farther away from you.Which depth cue are you using?

Accepted Answer

The relative size depth cue is being used in this situation. Because Manuel and William are the same height, their images on the retina should be the same size. However, since Manuel's image appears smaller, it must be because he is farther away. This is a classic example of the relative size depth cue.

Question 18

After a fencing accident,Jerome had to wear a patch over one eye for several weeks.He is advised by his doctor not to drive a car because the patch will affect Jerome's use of the ____ cue for depth perception.

Accepted Answer

Eye convergence is a binocular cue for depth perception that relies on both eyes working together. With one eye covered, Jerome cannot use this cue effectively.

Question 19

When you look at the pattern below,you tend to perceive three "groups" of two items each rather than perceiving six separate items. XXXXXX
This tendency is best explained by the Gestalt principle of ____.

Accepted Answer

The Gestalt principle of proximity refers to our tendency to perceive objects that are close to each other as a group or unit. In this pattern, the items are physically close to each other in pairs, which leads us to perceive them as three groups of two rather than six separate items.

Question 20

Pierre is painting a picture and would like to make the bear in the painting appear closer than the forest.One way he could do this is by using the principle of ____.

Accepted Answer

Interposition is the principle of perceiving objects that block or overlap other objects as closer. By painting the bear in front of the trees or other objects in the forest, Pierre can create the illusion that the bear is closer and in the foreground of the painting. Gestaltian proximity, closure and common region are other principles of perceptual organization, but they do not specifically address the perception of depth or distance.

Quiz 4: Sensation and Perception