Question 1

Kiana scored in the 90th percentile on a standardized intelligence test.Based on this information,Kiana may have better potential than most of her classmates for which types of jobs?
A) complex managerial jobs
B) jobs requiring creative problem solving and the generation of multiple hypotheses about events
C) jobs involving an excellent understanding of the feelings of others
D) jobs that demand precise and highly coordinated physical skills

Accepted Answer

The answer of Kiana scored in the 90th percentile on...

Question 2

Researchers conduct the same experiment fifteen times,and each time,they obtain the same results.We can conclude that their data are probably ____.
A) archival
B) biased
C) valid
D) reliable

Accepted Answer

Since the researchers obtained the same results in each of the fifteen times, it can be concluded that their data are reliable. Reliability refers to the consistency or stability of results.

Question 3

Norms for a new test of mental ability were obtained from a large sample of the general population.The mean of the test was set to 100 and the standard deviation was 15.Approximately what percentage of the population would fall within the range bounded by scores of 85 and 115?
A) 20 percent
B) 68 percent
C) 2 percent
D) 98 percent

Accepted Answer

This question is based on the empirical rule, also known as the 68-95-99.7 rule. According to this rule, approximately 68% of the population falls within one standard deviation (in either direction) of the mean. In this case, one standard deviation is 15 points, so scores between 85 and 115 are within one standard deviation of the mean. Therefore, approximately 68% of the population would fall within this range.

Question 4

Smedley has a theory that intelligence is related to body temperature.He uses an oral thermometer to measure intelligence.His data most likely have____ statistical reliability and ____ statistical validity.
A) poor; poor
B) good; good
C) poor; good
D) good; poor

Accepted Answer

The use of an oral thermometer to measure intelligence does not have good statistical validity, as there is no known or established relationship between body temperature and intelligence. However, the fact that Smedley consistently uses an oral thermometer to measure intelligence suggests good statistical reliability, as he is using the same method consistently.

Question 5

Gog embezzled money from his fraternity.His defense lawyer states that Gog has an IQ of 80 and therefore could not have designed the complex plan used to empty his fraternity's emergency fund.The jurors are convinced,and they acquit Gog.The jurors' mistake was that they were not aware that IQ scores ____.
A) are not good predictors of problem-solving ability
B) are unimportant where money is involved
C) stress divergent thinking
D) stress culture-specific material

Accepted Answer

IQ scores are not always indicative of one's ability to solve complex problems or engage in planning and strategy. Other factors such as motivation, experience, and training can also play a significant role. Therefore, the jurors' assumption that Gog could not have designed the plan due to his IQ score was faulty.

Question 6

Alexandria wants to use a personality test as part of her honors thesis.She knows that existing tests provide many benefits,such as having established norms.A norm is important because it is a ____.
A) statistical tool used to calculate the standard deviation
B) measure of central tendency
C) description of the frequency of particular scores
D) standard for test objectiveness

Accepted Answer

A norm is a description of the frequency of particular scores in a certain population, which helps to provide context and comparison for individual test scores. It is not a statistical tool, measure of central tendency, or a standard for objectiveness.

Question 7

Cal Critic does not like intelligence tests and loves to talk about all the problems that intelligence testing involves.Which of Cal's criticisms would NOT be accurate?
A) Intelligence tests do not predict success in the workplace.
B) Intelligence tests are not valid in every case.
C) Intelligence tests assess only a narrow range of abilities.
D) Intelligence tests may be biased against certain groups.

Accepted Answer

Intelligence tests, despite their limitations, have been shown to predict academic and job performance to a significant degree. They are often used as one of the indicators for success in the workplace.

Question 8

During a class discussion on intelligence tests,the instructor asks students to think about the factors that may affect a test taker's score,such as physical disabilities,language differences,or situational variables.The instructor is asking her class to debate the ____of intelligence tests.
A) standardization
B) statistical reliability
C) fairness
D) statistical validity

Accepted Answer

The instructor is asking the class to debate the fairness of intelligence tests, specifically in regard to how factors such as physical disabilities, language differences, and situational variables may affect a test taker's score. Choice A (standardization) refers to the uniform administration and scoring of tests, while Choice B (statistical reliability) refers to the consistency and stability of test scores over time. Choice D (statistical validity) refers to the extent to which a test measures what it is intended to measure. None of these options directly address the issue of fairness, which is the main focus of the instructor's question.

Question 9

All of the following are valid criticisms of intelligence tests except for one.Which is the exception?
A) They may not predict success in school.
B) They may be biased against certain ethnic or racial groups.
C) They may have a negative impact on the self-image of children who discover they have scored poorly.
D) Their test scores may reflect factors unrelated to intelligence (e.g., motivation).

Accepted Answer

Intelligence tests are actually designed to predict academic performance, making them useful tools for forecasting success in school. This is their primary purpose, and they have been shown to be effective in this regard.

Question 10

Dr.Sandifer administers her test to a large group of high school seniors.She then administers the same test two weeks later to the same group and finds a high correlation between the first and second scores.This means that her test ____.
A) is statistically reliable
B) has predictive validity
C) has valid norms
D) is standardized

Accepted Answer

The high correlation between the first and second scores indicates that the test is statistically reliable, or consistent in its measurement. This means that the test produces similar results over time and is therefore a reliable measure of whatever it is intended to assess. Validity refers to whether a test measures what it is intended to measure, so we cannot infer from the information given that the test has predictive validity or valid norms. Standardization refers to the process of administering a test in a consistent, standardized way, which may be relevant but is not directly implied by the information given about the correlation between scores.

Question 11

Noah is outlining a paper on the fairness of intelligence tests.He has come up with several possible titles and has asked for your opinion.You like three of the titles.Which title would you advise as being inaccurate or irrelevant?
A) "Only One Scale on IQ Tests: Limitations to Fairness"
B) "How to Break the Barrier of Anxiety"
C) Strangers in White Coats: Why Children May Perform Poorly"
D) "How Fear of Making Mistakes Leads to Leaving Questions Blank"

Accepted Answer

The answer of Noah is outlining a paper on the...

Question 12

Which problem is still an issue with modern IQ tests?
A) They fail to assess aspects of intelligence that are related to abstract reasoning or verbal comprehension.
B) They do not predict success on the job or in academic settings.
C) They draw many test items from the vocabulary and experiences of the dominant middle-class culture.
D) They do not define and document their measures of intelligence.

Accepted Answer

Many IQ tests still draw upon experiences and cultural knowledge that may be more common in the dominant middle-class culture, which can result in biases against individuals from other cultural or socioeconomic backgrounds.

Question 13

Researchers are in the process of developing a new college entrance exam.They want to ensure that wherever the test is given,it will be administered,scored,and interpreted in the same manner.In other words,the researchers are concerned with ____.
A) standardization
B) statistical reliability
C) quantification
D) statistical validity

Accepted Answer

Standardization refers to the process of ensuring consistent and uniform administration, scoring, and interpretation of a test, regardless of where or by whom it is conducted. This is important in order to ensure that the results obtained from the test are reliable and valid. The other options, while important in the development of a test, are not directly related to ensuring standardization. Statistical reliability refers to the consistency and stability of test scores over time or across different raters, while quantification refers to the process of assigning numerical values to aspects of a test. Statistical validity refers to the extent to which a test measures what it is intended to measure.

Question 14

Nowhere State University depends primarily on shoe size,rather than the SAT,for admissions purposes.Their dropout rate is rather high.Shoe size is probably not an effective predictor of success in college because it lacks ____.
A) statistical reliability
B) statistical validity
C) motivation
D) cultural relevance

Accepted Answer

Statistical validity refers to the degree to which a measure accurately predicts the outcome it is intended to measure. Shoe size is unlikely to have any meaningful relationship with academic success, making it an invalid predictor. Therefore, the lack of statistical validity is the reason why shoe size cannot be an effective predictor of success in college.

Question 15

When Yanping entered college,she was unsure about which major to choose.She took a vocational interest test that indicated that she was highly analytic and should choose a math-based major.This spring she will graduate with honors with a mechanical engineering degree.The test Yanping took appears to have good ____validity.
A) content
B) split-half
C) predictive
D) concurrent

Accepted Answer

The fact that Yanping took a vocational interest test and was able to successfully pursue a mechanical engineering degree suggests that the test had good predictive validity - it accurately predicted her future academic success and career choice. Content validity would be relevant if we were assessing whether the test accurately measures the specific knowledge or skills required for a given field, but this isn't the case here. Split-half validity and concurrent validity are also not relevant in this situation.

Question 16

Katrina receives a 740 on her math SAT.She decides to take the SAT again and receives a 720.The reason the scores are so similar is because the SAT has high ____.
A) statistical reliability
B) statistical validity
C) objectivity
D) predictability

Accepted Answer

Statistical reliability refers to the consistency of the results obtained from a test or measurement. In this case, Katrina's scores are similar on both attempts, indicating that the SAT has high statistical reliability. Statistical validity refers to whether a test accurately measures what it intends to measure, while objectivity refers to the lack of bias in the testing process. Predictability refers to the ability of a test to accurately predict future performance. While these are important characteristics of a test, they are not the best choice for explaining why Katrina's scores were similar.

Question 17

If the scores for the computer-administered Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT)correlate highly with first-year college grade-point average,then the computer versions of the test would be said to have good ____.
A) predictive validity
B) construct validity
C) test-retest reliability
D) split-half reliability

Accepted Answer

Predictive validity refers to the ability of a test to predict future outcomes, such as success in college. Therefore, if the scores on the computer-administered SAT correlate highly with first-year college grade-point average, then the computer versions of the test would be said to have good predictive validity. Construct validity refers to the degree to which a test measures what it is intended to measure, while test-retest reliability and split-half reliability are measures of the test's consistency and stability over repeated administrations.

Question 18

Which statement is falseregarding intelligence tests?
A) IQ scores obtained before the age of seven typically correlate highly with scores on IQ tests given later.
B) For teenagers and adults, the statistical reliability of IQ tests is high.
C) IQ tests seem to be most valid for assessing aspects of intelligence that are related to schoolwork.
D) Evidence shows that employees who score high on tests of verbal and mathematical reasoning tend to perform better on the job.

Accepted Answer

IQ scores obtained before the age of seven do not have high correlation with scores on IQ tests given later.

Question 19

Which of the following isNOTan advantage of intelligence tests over
A) They allow the calculation of norms.
B) They are more cost-effective in terms of obtainingthe data.
C) They allow a non-quantifiable estimate of performance.
D) They are standardized.

Accepted Answer

Intelligence tests do not allow a non-quantifiable estimate of performance. They are designed to provide a quantitative measure of one's cognitive abilities.

Question 20

Ebony took the Aptitude to Succeed in College (ASC)test when she was a high school senior and scored very low.She went to college anyway and graduated with an A average.For kicks,she takes the ASC again during her senior year in college.Again,she scores very low on it.Therefore,we can reasonably assume that the ASC has good statistical____but poor statistical____.
A) validity; reliability
B) reliability; validity
C) predictive ability; validity
D) validity; predictive ability

Accepted Answer

The ASC test seems to have poor reliability because Ebony got a low score both times she took it, even though she did well in college. However, we can't necessarily conclude that the test has poor validity (meaning that it accurately measures what it's supposed to measure) based on this information alone.

Quiz 8: Intelligence

Kiana scored in the 90th percentile on a standardized intelligence test.Based on this information,Kiana may have better potential than most of her classmates for which types of jobs?

Researchers conduct the same experiment fifteen times,and each time,they obtain the same results.We can conclude that their data are probably ____.

Norms for a new test of mental ability were obtained from a large sample of the general population.The mean of the test was set to 100 and the standard deviation was 15.Approximately what percentage of the population would fall within the range bounded by scores of 85 and 115?

Smedley has a theory that intelligence is related to body temperature.He uses an oral thermometer to measure intelligence.His data most likely have statistical reliability and statistical validity.

Alexandria wants to use a personality test as part of her honors thesis.She knows that existing tests provide many benefits,such as having established norms.A norm is important because it is a ____.

Cal Critic does not like intelligence tests and loves to talk about all the problems that intelligence testing involves.Which of Cal's criticisms would NOT be accurate?

During a class discussion on intelligence tests,the instructor asks students to think about the factors that may affect a test taker's score,such as physical disabilities,language differences,or situational variables.The instructor is asking her class to debate the ____of intelligence tests.

All of the following are valid criticisms of intelligence tests except for one.Which is the exception?

Dr.Sandifer administers her test to a large group of high school seniors.She then administers the same test two weeks later to the same group and finds a high correlation between the first and second scores.This means that her test ____.

Noah is outlining a paper on the fairness of intelligence tests.He has come up with several possible titles and has asked for your opinion.You like three of the titles.Which title would you advise as being inaccurate or irrelevant?

Which problem is still an issue with modern IQ tests?

Researchers are in the process of developing a new college entrance exam.They want to ensure that wherever the test is given,it will be administered,scored,and interpreted in the same manner.In other words,the researchers are concerned with ____.

Nowhere State University depends primarily on shoe size,rather than the SAT,for admissions purposes.Their dropout rate is rather high.Shoe size is probably not an effective predictor of success in college because it lacks ____.

Katrina receives a 740 on her math SAT.She decides to take the SAT again and receives a 720.The reason the scores are so similar is because the SAT has high ____.

If the scores for the computer-administered Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) correlate highly with first-year college grade-point average,then the computer versions of the test would be said to have good ____.

Which statement is falseregarding intelligence tests?

Which of the following isNOTan advantage of intelligence tests over