Question 1

Samantha speaks in a monotone voice.Even if she is very upset,she is unable to clearly demonstrate her anger.Therefore,she has to explicitly tell people when she feels angry.Samantha seems to have ____.

Accepted Answer

Samantha's inability to clearly demonstrate her emotions through her voice indicates that she may have expressive aprosodia, which is a difficulty in producing appropriate tone and intonation during speech. This leads to a monotonous voice and difficulty in expressing emotions through speech.

Question 2

People with Broca's aphasia have difficulties with language ____,whereas people with Wernicke's aphasia have difficulties with language ____.

Accepted Answer

Broca's aphasia is also known as non-fluent aphasia, where the individual has difficulty with speech production and fluency. Wernicke's aphasia, on the other hand, is known as fluent aphasia, where the individual has difficulty with language comprehension and producing meaningful sentences.

Question 3

A patient who suffers from apraxia will have difficulty with ____.

Accepted Answer

Apraxia is a motor disorder that impacts a person's ability to plan and execute voluntary movements, such as waving goodbye or brushing their teeth. Other cognitive functions, such as memory and language, are not typically affected.

Question 4

Which of the following would most likely make it hard for a stroke patient to eat from the dinner plate served on his or her hospital tray?

Accepted Answer

Apraxia is a neurological condition that causes difficulty with purposeful movements, even though the patient has the physical ability to move. This can make it difficult for a stroke patient to manipulate utensils and eat from a plate. Prosopagnosia is the difficulty recognizing faces; aphasia is difficulty with language; and paraphasias are errors in speech. While these conditions could also affect a stroke patient's ability to eat, they are not directly related to manipulating utensils and plates.

Question 5

Whitt sounds really strange: "This is the missing one of the rest of the many inside freshens parashim over the one of this is it." He speaks effortlessly and easily but seems to make no sense.What is most likely the problem?

Accepted Answer

Wernicke's aphasia is a type of language disorder that results in difficulty understanding language and difficulty with language production that sounds fluent but lacks meaning. The individual may use words that are similar in sound but not in meaning, creating sentences that do not make sense. This is consistent with the description of Whitt's speech as sounding effortless and easy but lacking meaning.

Question 6

When Dennis made breakfast,he poured milk on the counter,then emptied cereal from a box,and finally put a bowl down on top of it all.Dennis has ____.

Accepted Answer

The scenario described suggests that Dennis has a problem with the ideational processing required for making breakfast. Specifically, he seems to have difficulty understanding how to properly sequence the steps involved in breakfast preparation. This is characteristic of ideational apraxia, which is a type of apraxia that affects a person's ability to formulate a plan of action and execute it in the correct order. The other options, visual agnosia and anosognosia, refer to different types of perceptual or awareness deficits, while ideomotor apraxia is a type of apraxia that affects the execution of specific actions, rather than the overall plan.

Question 7

If you damaged your left temporal lobe and developed language problems,you would most likely have ____.

Accepted Answer

Damage to the left temporal lobe is associated with receptive or fluent aphasia, also known as Wernicke's Aphasia. This type of aphasia is characterized by difficulty with comprehension and producing coherent speech, as well as using appropriate vocabulary and word usage. Therefore, the correct answer is D, Wernicke's aphasia. Aprosodia refers to a difficulty in using and recognizing linguistic prosody, Ideational apraxia involves loss of ability in executing gestures or purposeful movements while alexia without agraphia is a type of alexia where reading ability is completely lost.

Question 8

Ms.Ellison recently had a cerebrovascular accident.As a result,she now displays language problems,such as agrammatism and phonemic paraphasias.The stroke appears to have damaged her ____.

Accepted Answer

Broca's area is responsible for the production of language and is located in the frontal lobe of the brain. Damage to this area can lead to agrammatism (inability to structure sentences properly) and phonemic paraphasias (word substitution errors). The other options, upper parietal lobe and upper occipital lobe, are not directly involved in language production. Wernicke's area is responsible for language comprehension and damage to this area would result in difficulty understanding language rather than producing it.

Question 9

Laverne cannot understand the meaning of other people's tones of voice.Shirley speaks in a dull tone even if she feels very emotional.Laverne has ____ aprosodia,and Shirley has ____ aprosodia.

Accepted Answer

Aprosodia is the impaired ability to understand or produce the emotional tone of speech. Receptive aprosodia refers to difficulty in understanding the emotional tone of others' speech, while expressive aprosodia refers to difficulty in conveying emotional tone in one's own speech. In the given scenario, Laverne cannot understand the emotional tone of others' speech, indicating receptive aprosodia. Shirley, on the other hand, speaks in a dull tone irrespective of her emotional state, indicating expressive aprosodia.

Question 10

Chaney suddenly starts speaking in monotone,with no clear tone of voice,like a robot.He speaks all his words accurately,though,and understands the meaning of words that others speaks to him.Chaney has an ____.

Accepted Answer

Aprosodia is a condition where a person has difficulty conveying or interpreting emotional tone through speech. In the case of Chaney, he is speaking in a monotone voice, without any emotional tone, despite accurately speaking his words which indicates aprosodia. Apraxia is a motor disorder that affects the ability to perform voluntary movements. Aphasia is a language disorder that affects the ability to communicate through speech, writing, or gesture. Agnosia is a condition where a person has difficulty recognizing and interpreting sensory information such as objects, faces, or sounds. None of these conditions seem to fit Chaney's symptoms.

Question 11

A patient comes to you,a brilliant neuropsychologist.He speaks with a lot of adjectives and adverbs,and his sentences are florid but make no sense.You also notice that he calls objects in the room by the wrong name.You conclude that this patient has ____.

Accepted Answer

The patient's speech characteristics of using excessive adjectives and adverbs, and incorrect naming of objects in the room are indicative of Wernicke's aphasia. This is a type of language disorder that results from damage to the language processing center in the left temporal lobe of the brain, leading to difficulties in understanding and producing meaningful language.

Question 12

Mohammed is making a lot of semantic paraphasias but very few phonemic ones.Most likely he has ____.

Accepted Answer

Mohammed's production of semantic paraphasias suggests a problem with word meaning, which is a hallmark of Wernicke's aphasia. The fact that he is making few phonemic errors (i.e., substituting or deleting sounds within words) further supports this diagnosis, as Wernicke's aphasia is marked by fluent but largely incomprehensible speech, typically due to an impairment in auditory comprehension. Korsakoff's psychosis and alexia without agraphia are not likely to be associated with this pattern of errors, and although Broca's aphasia can also be associated with semantic paraphasias, it is usually also characterized by non-fluent speech with grammatical errors and difficulty with producing function words.

Question 13

Klatdlit has memory loss,and it is causing her to lose the ability to function well at home alone.Most likely,she has ____.

Accepted Answer

Memory loss and difficulty functioning at home are common symptoms of dementia, which is a progressive neurological disorder that affects cognitive abilities. Primary progressive aphasia (A) is a specific type of dementia that primarily affects language abilities, while alexia without agraphia (B) is a rare condition characterized by the ability to read but difficulty with comprehension. Mild cognitive impairment (D) is a condition in which an individual experiences cognitive decline but not to the extent that it interferes with daily activities. Therefore, dementia is the best choice for Klatdlit's symptoms.

Question 14

Meghan receives damage to her brain's right hemisphere and has developed aprosodia.From this,you can expect Meghan to have difficulties ____.

Accepted Answer

Aprosodia is a condition where an individual has difficulty in using and understanding tone of voice properly. Therefore, Meghan is likely to have difficulties using tone of voice in speaking.

Question 15

Stewie cannot understand the meaning of other people's tones of voice.When Brian sarcastically says,"Yeah,way to go,wise guy," Stewie does not pick up on his tone and takes his statement literally.Stewie most likely has ____ aprosodia.

Accepted Answer

Aprosodia refers to a deficit in the ability to understand or express emotions conveyed in tone of voice. The fact that Stewie is unable to understand the sarcastic tone in Brian's statement suggests that he has receptive aprosodia, which affects the ability to understand emotional tone conveyed by others. Expressive aprosodia would affect the ability to convey emotions through one's own tone of voice, ideational and ideomotor apraxia are unrelated to the understanding and expression of emotions through tone of voice.

Question 16

After sustaining a head injury,Miss Geist went to the blackboard in class and started to use her finger as though it were a piece of chalk.When Elton gave her a piece of chalk,she did not know what to do with it.Miss Geist seems to have ____ apraxia.

Accepted Answer

Miss Geist's behavior of trying to write on the board with her finger suggests that she knows what to do, but she is unable to execute it properly, indicating ideomotor apraxia. This type of apraxia affects the ability to perform learned movements, such as using a tool or gesture, despite knowing what the task is. It is not related to language comprehension or expression (receptive or expressive) or understanding the concept of a task (ideational).

Question 17

Martin has ideational apraxia.As a result,he will have difficulty ____.

Accepted Answer

Ideational apraxia is a type of apraxia that affects a person's ability to plan and sequence movements, particularly complex movements involving multiple steps or objects. Therefore, Martin may have difficulty performing motor tasks in the correct sequence.

Question 18

Kyra's husband asked her to pound a nail into the wall.Kyra grabbed a hammer by the head and twirled it in circles."How come this isn't working right?" she asked.Kyra has ____.

Accepted Answer

Kyra's inability to use the hammer properly suggests that she may have ideomotor apraxia. Ideomotor apraxia is a disorder in which the individual has difficulty performing purposeful movements despite muscle functions are intact.

Question 19

Difficulty with executing movements in the correct order is known as ____ apraxia.Difficulty with performing skilled movements is known as ____ apraxia.

Accepted Answer

Ideational apraxia refers to difficulty with executing movements in the correct sequence, while ideomotor apraxia involves difficulty with performing skilled movements despite understanding the task.

Question 20

When you first meet Jeremy,you think he talks like a toddler.His sentences are short and typically consist of a noun and a verb.Later you find out that Jeremy had a stroke,which left him with ____.

Accepted Answer

Broca's aphasia, also known as non-fluent or expressive aphasia, is a type of language impairment that results in difficulty producing speech or writing. The individual typically has intact comprehension but struggles with expressing themselves, leading to short and telegraphic sentences. This type of aphasia is commonly associated with damage to the frontal lobe of the brain, often as a result of stroke.

Quiz 18: Neuropsychology